만성질환자에서 인풀루엔자 예방 접종의 효능 분석 : 후향적 환자-대조군 연구

박승철,정희진,손장욱,최선주,엄중식,우흥정,천병철,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.4

목적: 인플루엔자는 예방접종을 통하여 효과적으로 예방이 가능한 대표적인 호흡기 감염질환이다. 미국이나 국내의 인플루엔자 예방접종 지침에서 고령인구(50세 또는 65세 이상)와 그 외의 만성질환자들을 인플루엔자 예방접종의 일차 대상자로 정하고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 아직까지 만성질환자들에서의 인플루엔자 백신의 효능평가에 대한 연구결과가 없는 실정이며 국내에서의 만성질환의 분포가 외국의 그것과 일치하지 않기 때문에 본 연구에서는 국내 만성질환자들에서 인플루엔자 예방접종과 연관된 병원입원율의 차이를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 1999년 11월-2000년 3월(5개월간) 서울 소재 2개 대학병원에 입원한 만성질환자중 발열과 호흡기 증상이 있어 인플루엔자 또는 인플루엔자양 질환이 의심되거나 그로인한 만성질환의 악화로 추정되는 환자군과 이를 배제한 대조군을 중심으로 혈중 인플루엔자 항체가를 조사하였고 인플루엔자 백신접종력을 조사하였다. 결과의 해석은 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하였다. 결과 : 만성질환자를 대상으로한 환자 대조군 연구에서 2개 대학병원에서 1년간 조사한 결과 항체 검사에 기준하여 최종적으로 환자군 64명, 대조군 117명이 포함되었다. 환자군에서는 대부분이 호흡기질환(253%)과 심혈관계질환(313%)였던 반면에 대조군은 암(466%)이 가장 많았고 심혈관계질환과 호흡기계질환은 각각 134%, 60%로 낮았다. 또한 두군간에는 예방접종의 경력에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며 이때의 비차비(OR)은 0328로서 인플루엔자 예방접종의 입원 예방효능은 672%이었다. 결론 : 만성질환자, 특히 만성 심폐질환들에서의 인플루엔자 예방접종은 불필요한 입원을 줄이는 효과가 관찰되었다. 따라서 의료인들은 고위험군의 환자들에 대하여 인플루엔자 에방접종을 적극적으로 권장하고 실천하여야 하겠다. Background : Influenza is one of the preventable respiratory disease by annual vaccination. Elderly people and patients with chronic medical disease are the primary target for influenza vaccination according to ACIP (Advisory Committee on Immunization). This study was done to determine whether influenza vaccination affects hospitalization due to influenza like illness or it's related complications among chronic ill patients. Materials and methods : Retrospective, case-control study was conducted for 5 months (Nov. 1999-Mar. 2000). Physicians from two-university hospitals in Korea were instructed to collect clinical data, sera from subjects presenting with a flu-like illness or flu-related exacerbation in patients with chronic underlying diseases. We compared the vaccination history of case patients with control. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odd ratio and efficacy of influenza vaccination. Results : Hospitalization due to ILI (influenza like illness) or it's related complications were observed more frequently in patients with chronic lung disease (25.3%) and chronic cardiac disease (31.3%) compared to others. Influenza vaccination resulted in fewer hospitalization with ILI or ILI-related acute exacerbation of underlying disease in chronic ill patients (adjusted odd ratio, 0.328 [CI, 0.14 to 0.73]) during influenza seasons. Conclusion : For patients with chronic disease, influenza vaccination is associated with substantial health benefit including fewer hospitalization. Health care providers should take advantage of all opportunities to immunize these high-risk patients.

Three-Dimensional Z-Plasty(Yoon's Method)를 이용한 내안각 췌피 성형술

박흥식,김우신,윤진호,나민화,김한중 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1

The presence of epicanthal folds in Asian eyelids is one of their unique features, in combination with the lack of supratarsal folds. Western culture has influenced many people to prefer to eliminate the prominent epicanthal fold. A number of surgical techniques have been suggested for their correction. However, difficulty with design, excessive and prominent scarring of medial canthal and nasal area, recurrence, and rigidity of application are potential problems associated with many procedures. This paper describes a epicanthoplasty with three-dimensional Z-plasty. Through epicanthal fold incision, the medial canthal tendon is medially advanced and sutured to the periosteum of nasal bone. After the transposition of the flaps, trimming of the flap is usually required. Three-dimensional Z-plasty creates the attractive eyes. From March, 1995 to March, 1997, the technique was applied to 37 patients with epicanthal fold and was performed with or without double-fold operation. There were 34 females and 3 males with ages ranging from 17 to 30 years. Through 2 years follow-up, this technique has delivered esthetically good results with minimal postoperative scar and could made the reduction of ICD from 40 ± 2.13 mm to 34 ± 1.98 mm. The advantages of epicanthoplasty procedure using three-dimensional Z-plasty(Yoon's method) are as follows; 1) simple in design 2)minimal postoperative scar in the medial canthal area 3) versatile in its application 4) no recurrence 5) no hypertrophic scar 6) preserving ethnic identity.

Ti-50.1at.%Ni합금의 변태거동에 미치는 시효처리의 영향(Ⅰ)

우흥식,박성범,강봉수,김성진 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This study investigated the effects of aging on the transformation behavior of Ti-50.lat.% Ni alloy by means of differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that aging in the temperature range of 350℃~550℃ induced complex transformation behavior, involving the R-phase and multiple-stage martensitic transformation. Usually aged Ni-rich NiTi alloys undergo martensitic transformation on cooling from high temperatures in two step : B2 to R and then R to B19' (normal behavior). But under certain ageing conditions, the transformation can also occur in three or more step(unusual multiple step behavior). In the present study we use differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) for a systematic investigation of the evolution of transformation behavior with ageing temperature and time.

분편 인플루엔자백신(split influenza vaccine)의 임상효과 및 면역원성에 관한 연구

우흥정,김동림,정희진,천병철,이주연,안정배,김지희,박찬,신영규,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적 : 아단위 인플루엔자 백신 접종 후 백신의 인플루엔자 예방효과, 인플루엔자 방어 항체형성, 인플루엔자 백신의 안전성을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 총 571명을 대상으로 인플루엔자 백신 접종을 하였고, 이들 접종자에서 인플루엔자 양질환의 이환을 조사하여 인플루엔자 백신의 인플루엔자예방효과를 알아보았고, 백신의 접종 전 및 접종 4주 후 혈청에서 혈구응집억제물(Hemagglutination Inhibition : HAI) 항체 검사를 실시하여 백신의 방어항체생성을 조사하였고, 백신의 안전성을 알아보기 위해 백신접종 후 1주일 이내의 부작용을 조사하였다. 결과 :백신 접종군과 백신 비접종군에서 인플루엔자 양 질환의 이환을 조사한 결과 접종군 28.35%, 비접종군 35.88%으로 나왔으며, p 값이 0.001로 통계적으로 접종군에서 유의하게 낮았고, 인플루엔자 양 질환의 예방 효과는 20.97%를 보였다. 백신의 방어항체 형성의 평가를 위해 유럽의 인플루엔자 백신 허가 기준을 조사하였는데 B/Guangdong/5/94균주의 백신접종 후 항체가 40이상의 비율을 제외한 다른 기준은 모두 만족 시켰다. 부작용은 전체 조사자 521명중 149명(29%)으로 주로 접종 부위의 국소 부작용을 호소했고, 전신 부작용은 2% 내외였으며 특별히 심각한 부작용은 발견되지 않았다. 결론 : 분편 인플루엔자 백신은 인플루엔자양질환의 예방과 방어항체생성에 효과 있으며 안전한 것으로 사료된다. Background : The safety and effectiveness of influenza vaccine are well known in developed country. The influenza vaccination has been recommended as one of the tentative immunization schedule for indicated persons since 1997 in Korea. But there are still no available data about them, even though nearly 5 million doses of influenza vaccine were used in 1997-1998 season. So it is immediately needed to investigate the safety. efficacy and immunogenicity of influenza vaccine among Korean. Methods : We studied the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccine by monitoring Occurrence of influenza-like illness in influenza risk group(vaccination ; 300, non-vaccination; 215) from December in 1997 to March in 1998. We used the split quadrivalent influenza vaccine containing 15 microgram of hemagglutinin of A/Beijing/262/95(HlNl), A/Wuhan/359/95(H3N2), B/Mie/1/93 and B/Guangdong/5/94. Hemagglutination inhibition(HA1) antibody titers were determined before immunization and 1 months after vaccination And we evaluated adverse effect of influenza vaccination at 7 days after vaccination. Results : Influenza vaccination was associated with si@icant reductions in influenza-like spptoms(vaccination group; 28.35%, non-vaccination group, 35.88%, p=0.001). The preventive effect of influenza-like i3lne.s among influenza risk goup was 20.97%. And immunogenicity of influenza A and B exceeded all of the European licensure criteria for immunogenicity except postvaccination proportion of titers 240 of B/Guangdong/5/94 strain. And the adverse effects were mainly local injection site problem and no serious adverse effect was noted. Conclusion : Split influenza vaccine is safe, inmunogenic and eff'tive in influenza risk group in Korea.

GC-ECD를 이용한 유기염소계 및 Pyrethroid계 농약 동시 분석법

김우성,이선화,김재이,정지윤,이명자,박영채,이영자,정성욱,이봉헌,박흥재 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Pesticides were extracted from samples with 70% acetone and methylene chloride in order, and then cleaned up via open-column chromatography apparatus packed with florisil, and finally analyzed simultaneously the organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides using GC(ECD). An ultra-2 fused silica capillary column was used to separate and identify the products. The resolution between the last isomeric peak of cypermethrin(59.987min) and the first isomeric peak of flucythrinate(60.043min) was not satisfactory. The last isomeric peak of fenvalerate(62.344min) and the first isomeric peak of fluvalinate(62.397min) were overlapped. Recoveries of soybean sample for the most pesticides were 73.3% to 102.4%. Detection limits were between 0.004 and 0.063 ㎍/㎎ when this method was used.

열처리에 따른 Cd₁-xZnxS/In 박막의 광학적 및 전기적 특성 분석

송우창,이경호,심상흥,이상교,심재선,박종국 三陟大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

In this thesis, effects of the thickness of indium films and the annealing temperature on optical and electrical properties of chemically deposited CdZnS films for the efficiency of the Cd1-xZnxS/CdTesolar cells were investigated. To improve the electrical conductivity of Cd1-xZnxs films, thin indium films(10-4Onm thickness)were evaporated on the suface of Cd1-rZnxs films. Experimental parameters such as indium film thickness, Zn mole fraction, and the annealing temperature in terms of structural and electrical properties of Cd1-xZnxs films were investigated. The diffusion process was carried out by heating the sample in air at 150-550℃ for 20 minute As the indium film thickness is increased, the resistivity decreases and the lowest value(0.3 O -cm)is obtained for Cd1-xZnxs films annealed at 450℃ with 40nm of the thickness.

단무지 공장에서 발생한 질식 사고의 원인과 방사선학적 소견: 중례보고 및 가스분석 결과

박충기,김만구,김흥철,안범규,박만수,황우철,최철순,강익원 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1994 環境硏究 Vol.11 No.-

목 적:단무지 공장에서 질식사고를 일으켰던 가스의 종류를 알아내고, 이러한 가스중독의 방서선학적 소견을 소개하기 위하여 본 연구를 하였다. 대상 및 방법:단무지 공장에서 발생한 질식 사고자 3예중 생존자 1예를 대상으로 단순흥부X-선검사와 CT 소견을 분석하였으며, 가스의 종류를 알아내기 위하여 단무지를 유리병에 넣어 발생된 가스를 가스크로마토그래픽을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결 과:단무지 공장에서 발생한 질식사고자중 생존한 1명의 방사선학적 검사에서 신속히 호전되는 폐경결(consolidation)을 볼 수 있었으며 이는 폐부종의 소견임을 알 수 있었다. 협기성 상태에서 단무지를 담은 유리병의 상층부 가스를 실험 분석한 결과 이산화탄소, 에칠알코올이 다량으로 검출되었으나 독성가스는 주로 황화수소이였다. 결 론:단무지 공장의 질식 사고자에서 폐방사선학적 소견은 폐경결을 보이는 폐부증으로서 이는 실험을 통해 단무지에서 발생되는 유독가스인 황화수소 때문임을 입증하였다. Purpose: To identify the main toxic gas released from salted radish in rice bran(Dan-M-Ji) and to introduce the radiological findings of the patient who was exposed to the gas. Materials and Methods: Chest radiographs and CT scans of one survivor among three men who were exposed to the gas from Dan-Mu-Ji were reviewed. Gas obtained from the closed bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was analized by using the gas chromatography. Results: The radiographlc examinations of the survivor were suggestive of pulmonary edema with it's rapidly improving consolidations in both lung. The headapace gas within the bottle containing Dan-Mu-Ji was mainly composed with carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol and hydrogen sulfide, of which hydrogen sulfide was considered the main toxic gas released. Conclusion: Under the anaerobic condition, Dan-Mu-Ji released toxic hydrogen sulfide. Inhalation of hydrogen sulfide might produce non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

GC/NPD를 이용한 다성분 잔류농약의 동시분석

김우성,이선화,김상엽,정동윤,김재이,이영자,이홍재,정성욱,박흥재 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.10

Pesticides were extracted from samples with 70% acetone and methylene chloride in order, and then cleaned up via open-column chromatography apparatus packed with fiorisil, and finally analyzed simultaneously the organophosphorus pesticides using GC/NPD, Ultra-2 and Ultra-1 fused silica capillary columns were used to separate and identify the products. Recovery of most analytes from soybean sample, taken from pesticide residues well, was greater than(80%) for all except(6) analytes. This method can simultaneously determine multiple pesticides with a high degree of accuracy and precision.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa와 Acinetobacter baumannii에 대한 Imipenem, Panipenem 및 Meropenem의 시험관내 항균력 비교

송원근,우흥정,강희정,김재석,박민정,이규만 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.3

목적 : Pseudomonas aeruginosa와 Acinetobacter baumannii는 중요한 병원감염균으로 알려져 있으며 다약제 내성을 잘 유발한다. 최근 들어 전 세계적으로 carbapenem제에 대한 감수성이 떨어지고 있어 문제가 되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 한국에서 분리된 P. aeruginosa와 A. baumannii를 대상으로 imipenem, panipenem 및 meropenem의 항균력을 비교하고자 하였다. 방법 : 150주의 P.aeruginosa (imipenem 감수성, 62주; imipenem 내성. 88주)와 53주의 A.baumannii (imipenem 감수성, 9주; imipenem 내성 44주)를 대상으로 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards의 기준에 따라 미량액체배지희석법으로 imipenem, panipenem. meropenem에 대한 최소억제농도(MIC)를 측정하였다. 결과 : 총 150주의 P. aeruginsa 균주의 MIC_50/MIC_90은 imipenem, panipenem 및 meropenem이 각각 16/64, 16/64 및 4/32㎍/mL이었다, 53주의 A.baumannii 균중의 MIC_50/MIC_90은 imipenem, panipenem 및 meropenem이 각각 32/64, 32/64 및 16/32 ㎍/mL이었다. 88주의 imipenem 내성 P. aeruginosa 균주 중 33주 (38%)는 감수성 결과를 보였으나 그 반대의 결과를 보인 경우는 없었다. 결과 : MIC 결과 상 imipenem에 내성인 P. aeruginosa와 A. baumannii에 대하여 meropenem이 impenem이나 panipenem보다 좀더 강한 활성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Background : Pseidomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are important nosocomial pathogens. Many strains are multi-drug resistant, with decreased susceptibility to carbapenem emerging worldwide. We investigated the in vitro activity of imipenem, panipenem, and meropenem against P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates in Korea. Methods : One hundred and fifty strains of P. aeruginosa (imipenem-susceptible, 62strains; imipenem-resistant, 88 strains) and 53 strains of A baumannii (imipenem-susceptible, 9 strains; imipenem-resistant, 44 strains) were examined. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing for imipenem, panipenem, and meropenem was performed using the broth microdilution method as described by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Resilts : The MIC_50/MIC_90 of imipenem, panipenem, and meropenem against the clinical isolates were: 16/64, 16/64, and 4/32 ㎍/mL, respectively, against P. aeruginosa; 32/64, 32/64, and 16/32 ㎍/mL against A. baumannii. 33 (38%) of the 88 strains of impenem-resistant P. aeruginosa were susceptible to meropenem but the reverse was observed in none. Conclusion : The MIC data showed that meropenem was more active than imipenem and panipenem against imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii isolates.

계절창고 속에 포장 저장된 과일의 호흡 예측 모델

김광섭,심승우,나현정,조인철,정흥조,박찬영 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2001 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Fruit are normally kept in a pouch of cold storage room in winter. In this work, a mathematical model that is emulating the fruit respiration in the pouch of the storage has been established. The calculated result is compared to the actual measured gaseous composition change of pear in the packaging pouch LDPE film incorporated with silver coated ceramic powder. The presented model, that is combining polysaccharide digestion kinetics in pear, Fickian diffusion for permeation of the film and sigmoidal adsorption equilibrium between the film and gases, predicts the respiration of the pear in the packing film fairly well.