Effect of oxidizing treatment on electrocatalytic activity of boron‑doped amorphous carbon thin films

Chen‑Song Wang,Ni Suo,Hao Huang,Ai‑min Wu,Guo‑Zhong Cao,Gui‑Feng Zhang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.5

Boron-doped amorphous carbon (BDAC) thin films with a regular oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity were synthesized in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition device using a mixture of CH4 and H2 as a gas source and B2O3 as a boron source and then oxidized in air at 380–470 °C for 15–75 min. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical tests were used to characterize the physical and electrochemical properties of the BDAC catalysts. It was concluded that the BDAC catalyst oxidized at 450 °C for 45 min showed the best ORR catalytic activity in alkaline medium. The oxygen reduction potential and the transfer electron number n, respectively, are − 0.286 V versus Ag/AgCl and 3.24 from the rotating disk electrode experiments. The treated carbon film has better methanol resistance and stability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Decreasing in pressure interval of near-miscible flooding by adding intermediate hydrocarbon components

Hao Chen,He Tang,Xiansong Zhang,Bowen Li,Baozhen Li,Xiong Shen 한국자원공학회 2018 Geosystem engineering Vol.21 No.3

Oil quality and gas sources are two main limitations for the promotion of CO2 miscible flooding in China. However, near-miscible flooding was proposed recently which can obtain comparable recovery based on both experiments and field tests. The discovery of gas reservoir, which contains high content (24–90 mol%) of CO2 in QHD offshore oilfield, provides big potential for the implementation of CO2 flooding in China. In this paper, based on the slim tube test and slim tube simulation with denser test points, specific regions of near-miscible flooding for different CO2 contents were determined by the relation curves of displacement efficiency, IFT, and pressure. For the targeted well QHD 29-2E-5, the lower limit of CO2 content for achieving near-miscible flooding is 64%. To enlarge the scope and potential of near-miscible flooding, the feasibility of adding intermediate components (C2–C6) in the injection gas to decrease the pressure interval of near-miscible flooding was investigated. Results showed that for each 10% decrease in CO2 content, 2.5% of the intermediate components (C2–C6) of the production gas are needed to add for achieving near-miscible flooding in the well QHD 29-2E-5.

The Relationship Between Night Shift Work and the Risk of Abnormal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone: A Hospital-Based Nine-Year Follow-up Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan

Chen, Hsin-Hao,Chiu, Hsiao-Hui,Yeh, Tzu-Lin,Lin, Chi-Min,Huang, Hsin-Yi,Wu, Shang-Liang Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2021 Safety and health at work Vol.12 No.3

Background: Health-care providers typically undergo shift work and are subjected to increased stress. Night shift work may induce disturbed sleep cycles and circadian rhythm. The objective of this study was to explore if night shift workers (NSWs) show an increased risk of abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 574 employees without thyroid disease and abnormal TSH at baseline who underwent annual check-ups between 2007 and 2016 in a medical center. NSWs were defined as those with working time schedules other than daytime hours. We calculated the incidence rate and estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident abnormal TSH and subclinical hypothyroidism compared with non-NSWs using a Cox regression model. Results: A total of 56 incident abnormal TSH cases and 39 subclinical hypothyroidism cases in NSWs were identified during 3000 person-years of follow-up. In models adjusted for age, sex, obesity, and working departments, we found no increased relative risk for incident abnormal TSH (HR: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.33-1.60) or subclinical hypothyroidism (HR: 0.52, 95% confidence interval: 0.19-1.45) when comparing NSWs to non-NSWs; nor were incidence rates significantly different among exclusively medical employees after excluding administrative staff. Conclusion: In this hospital-based nine-year follow-up retrospective cohort study, NSWs were not associated with increased relative risk of incident abnormal TSH and subclinical hypothyroidism, in contrast to previous cross-sectional studies.

The Effect of CdS QDs Structure on the InGaP/GaAs/Ge Triple Junction Solar Cell Efficiency

Chen-Chen Chung,Binh Tinh Tran,Hau-Vei Han,Yen-Teng Ho,Hung-Wei Yu,Kung-Liang Lin,Hong-Quan Nguyen,Peichen Yu,Hao-Chung Kuo,Edward Yi Chang 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.2

This work describes optical and electrical characteristics of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction (T-J) solar cells with CdS quantum dots (QDs) fabricated by a novel chemical solution. With the anti-reflective feature at long wavelength and down-conversion at UV regime, the CdS quantum dot effectively enhance the overall power conversion efficiency more than that of a traditional GaAs-based device. Experimental results indicate that CdS quantum dot can enhance the short-circuit current by 0.33 mA/cm2, which is observed for the triple-junction solar cells with CdS QDs of about 3.5 nm in diameter. Moreover, the solar cell conversion efficiency is improved from 28.3% to 29.0% under one-sun AM 1.5 global illumination I-V measurement.

Effects of soft pellet creep feed on pre-weaning and post-weaning performance and intestinal development in piglets

Chen Hao,Wang Chunwei,Wang You,Chen Yilin,Wan Meng,Zhu Jiadong,Zhu Aixia 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of soft pellet creep feed (SPCF) on growth performance and intestinal development in piglets. Methods: A total of 18 sows and their litters of crossbred piglets (14±2 days, 3.73±0.72 kg) were assigned to one of three dietary groups receiving i) powder creep feed (PCF), ii) hard pellet creep feed (HPCF) or iii) SPCF during the pre-weaning period. After weaning, piglets were selected for continuous evaluation of the three diets on growth performance and intestinal health. Results: In the pre-weaning period, the average daily feed intake and average daily dry matter intake were significantly higher in the SPCF group than the HPCF group (p<0.05). In the post-weaning and entire experimental period, the different diets had no significant effect on growth performance. At 10 d after weaning, the serum glucose concentration was lower in the SPCF group (p<0.05) than the other groups; a higher (p<0.05) villus height and lower (p<0.05) crypt depth in the jejunum were also observed in the SPCF group than the other groups; Meanwhile, in the duodenum and jejunum, the SPCF group had a higher (p<0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than the other groups; Furthermore, the higher (p<0.05) threshold cycle values of lactic acid bacteria and lower (p<0.05) threshold cycle values of Clostridium, Enterobacter and Escherichia coli were also observed in the SPCF group, and the sucrase and maltase activity was higher (p<0.05) in the SPCF group than the other groups in duodenum and ileum. Conclusion: The SPCF improved pre-weaning feed intake and decreased the negative effects of weaning stress in the intestine in piglets. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of soft pellet creep feed (SPCF) on growth performance and intestinal development in piglets.Methods: A total of 18 sows and their litters of crossbred piglets (14±2 days, 3.73±0.72 kg) were assigned to one of three dietary groups receiving i) powder creep feed (PCF), ii) hard pellet creep feed (HPCF) or iii) SPCF during the pre-weaning period. After weaning, piglets were selected for continuous evaluation of the three diets on growth performance and intestinal health.Results: In the pre-weaning period, the average daily feed intake and average daily dry matter intake were significantly higher in the SPCF group than the HPCF group (p<0.05). In the post-weaning and entire experimental period, the different diets had no significant effect on growth performance. At 10 d after weaning, the serum glucose concentration was lower in the SPCF group (p<0.05) than the other groups; a higher (p<0.05) villus height and lower (p<0.05) crypt depth in the jejunum were also observed in the SPCF group than the other groups; Meanwhile, in the duodenum and jejunum, the SPCF group had a higher (p<0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than the other groups; Furthermore, the higher (p<0.05) threshold cycle values of lactic acid bacteria and lower (p<0.05) threshold cycle values of <i>Clostridium, Enterobacter and Escherichia coli</i> were also observed in the SPCF group, and the sucrase and maltase activity was higher (p<0.05) in the SPCF group than the other groups in duodenum and ileum.Conclusion: The SPCF improved pre-weaning feed intake and decreased the negative effects of weaning stress in the intestine in piglets.

Active mass damper control for cable stayed bridge under construction: an experimental study

Hao Chen,Zhi Sun,Limin Sun 국제구조공학회 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.38 No.2

A cable stayed bridge under construction has low structural damping and is not as stable as the completed bridge. Control countermeasures, such as the installation of energy dissipating devices, are thus required. In this study, the general procedure and key issues on adopting an active control device, the active mass damper (AMD), for vibration control of cable stayed bridges under construction were studied. Taking a typical cable stayed bridge as the prototype structure; a lab-scale test structure was designed and fabricated firstly. A baseline FEM model was then setup and updated according to the modal parameters measured from vibration test on the structure. A numerical study to simulate the bridge-AMD control system was conducted and an efficient LQG-based controller was designed. Based on that, an experimental implementation of AMD control of the transverse vibration of the bridge model was performed. The results from numerical simulation and experimental study verified that the AMD-based active control was feasible and efficient for reducing dynamic responses of a complex structural system. Moreover, the discussion made in this study clarified some critical problems which should be addressed for the practical implementation of AMD control on real cable-stayed bridges.

Smad4 mediates malignant behaviors of human ovarian carcinoma cell through the effect on expressions of E-cadherin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and VEGF

( Chen Chen ),( Ming Zhong Sun ),( Shu Qing Liu ),( Dong Mei Yeh ),( Li Jun Yu ),( Yang Song ),( Lin Lin Gong ),( Li Hong Hao ),( Jun Hu ),( Shu Juan Shao ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.8

Smad4 is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Using a pair of human syngeneic epithelial ovarian cancer cells with low (HO-8910) and high (HO-8910PM) metastatic abilities, we aimed to reveal the role of Smad4 in ovarian cancer metastasis in vitro. Smad4 was down-regulated in HO-8910PM cell line relative to HO-8910 by implicating Smad4 was probably a potential tumor suppressor gene for ovarian cancer. Re-expression of Smad4 decreased the migration ability and inhibited the invasion capacity of HO-8910PM, while promoted the cell adhesion capacity for HO-8910PM. The stable expression of Smad4 increased the expression of E-cadherin, reduced the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and slightly down-regulated the expression of VEGF. Smad4 suppresses human ovarian cancer cell metastasis potential through its effect on the expressions of PAI-1, E-cadherin and VEGF. Results from current work implicate Smad4 might suppress the invasion and metastasis of human ovarian tumor cells through a TGF-β/Smad-mediated pathway. [BMB reports 2010; 43(8): 554-560]

Analysis on the Spatial Narrative of the Movie Hugo

Hao-Shu Chen(진호주) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.3

시간과 공간은 모든 서사의 기초가 되고. 공간은 서사의 대상과 내용으로서 영화 서사에서 점점 더 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 디지털 기술의 발전 응용으로 영화 공간의 표현력이 크게 강화되면서, 공간서사는 점점 더 감독과 비평가들의 관심을 끌고 있다. 여전히 발전하고 있는 영화 서사 형식으로서, 공간서사는 서사구조, 서사효과, 창작기법, 관객수용 등에서 큰 우세를 갖고 있어 영화 서사의 창작에 돌파구와 혁신을 가져올 수 있다. 본 문서는 영화공간 이론을 바탕으로 한 영화 〈휴고〉의 공간표현방식 분석, 그리고 서사공간의 추진요소, 구조적 요인, 상징적 의미와 심리적 요인 등 몇 가지 측면에서 미국 영화 〈휴고〉의 공간서사의 의미를 구체적으로 짚어본다. 영화 서사공간에 담긴 매력을 발굴하여 영화 서사의 표현에 참고와 귀감을 조금이라도 제공하였으면 한다. Time and space are the foundations of all the narrative. As the aim and content of narrative, spatial narrative plays an increasingly important role in the narrative movies. With the development and application of digital technique, the expressiveness of movie space is enhancing, and spatial narrative has become the focus of directors and critics. As a developing cinematic narrative form, spatial narrative is taking advantage in many aspects, including narrative structure, narrative effect, creative skills and audience acceptance, which can bring breakthrough and innovation to the creation of cinematic narrative. Based on the spatial theory in movies, the paper analyzes the space presentation approaches in the movie Hugo. Combined with the motivating factors, structure factors, symbolic significance and psychological factors of narrative space, the paper specifically analyzes the significance of spatial narrative in American movie Hugo. By researching the glamour of narrative space in the movie, the paper intends to provide certain reference value to the narrative expression of the movies today.

Enhanced Cellulolytic Enzyme Production by the Synergism between Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and Aspergillus niger NL02 and by the Addition of Surfactants

Hao Fang,Chen Zhao,Xiang-Yang Song,Mu Chen,Zheng Chang,Jie Chu 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.2

Two improvement approaches comprising of a mixed culture of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger and the addition of surfactants were employed in this study in order to enhance cellulolytic enzyme production as well as to improve the composition. Different delay times of A. niger inoculation (0, 24, and 48 h) and inoculum ratios of T. reesei versus A. niger (1:1 and 5:1) derived six mixed culture forms, which were 0 h/1:1, 0 h/5:1, 24 h/1:1, 24 h/5:1,48 h/1:1, and 48 h/5:1. It was found that the form 48 h/5:1allowed the highest FPA, 3.30 ± 0.34 IU/mL, and a relatively high BGA, 1.01 ± 0.25 IU/mL, thereafter being selected for the subsequent improvement step addition of surfactants. Among the three surfactants, including Triton X-100, CHAPS and sodium taurocholate, the third one was found to be the best one giving rise to the highest FPA and BGA, 5.02 ± 0.40 and 1.48 ± 0.28 IU/mL, respectively. Differently sourced cellulases were compared in the enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded corn stover (SECS). Moreover, the cellulase produced by the mixed culture form 48 h/5:1 using SECS as a substrate showed the highest yield at 80.93 ± 2.04%, indicating that the composition of this cellulase was improved by the mixed culture of T. reesei and A. niger. The results validate that these two improvement approaches are efficient and applicable in cellulase production.

China Consensus Document on Allergy Diagnostics

Chen Hao,Li Jing,Cheng Lei,Gao Zhongshan,Lin Xiaoping,Zhu Rongfei,Yang Lin,Tao Ailin,Hong Haiyu,Tang Wei,Guo Yinshi,Huang Huaiqiu,Sun Jinlyu,Lai He,Lei Cheng,Liu Guanghui,Xiang Li,Chen Zhuanggui,Ma Ha 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.2

The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased dramatically in recent years in China, affecting the quality of life in 40% of the population. The identification of allergens is the key to the diagnosis of allergic diseases. Presently, several methods of allergy diagnostics are available in China, but they have not been standardized. Additionally, cross-sensitization and co-sensitization make allergy diagnostics even more complicated. Based on 4 aspects of allergic disease (mechanism, diagnosis procedures, allergen detection in vivo and in vitro as well as the distribution map of the most important airborne allergens in China) and by referring to the consensus of the European Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, the World Allergy Organization, and the important literature on allergy diagnostics in China in recent years, we drafted this consensus of allergy diagnostics with Chinese characteristics. It aims to standardize the diagnostic methods of allergens and provides a reference for health care givers. The current document was prepared by a panel of experts from the main stream of professional allergy associations in China.