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Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk
Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.
Sang Hoon Kim,Young-Woo Jang,Patrick Hwang,Hyun-Jung Kim,Gi-Yeon Han,김찬화 생화학분자생물학회 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.1
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease that is caused by injury to kidney glomeruli. Podocytes are glomerular epithelial cells and play critical roles in the glomerular filtration barrier. Recent studies have shown the importance of regulating the podocyte actin cytoskeleton in early DN. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, wortmannin, simultaneously regulates Rac1 and Cdc42, which destabilize the podocyte actin cytoskeleton during early DN. In this study, in order to evaluate the reno-protective effects of wortmannin in early DN by regulating Rac1and Cdc42, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced proteinuric renal disease (SPRD) rats were treated with wortmannin. The albuminuria value of the SPRD group was 3.55± 0.56 mg/day, whereas wortmannin group was 1.77± 0.48 mg/day. Also, the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) value of the SPRD group was 53.08 ± 10.82mg/g, whereas wortmannin group was 20.27 ± 6.41mg/g. Changes in the expression level of nephrin, podocin and Rac1/Cdc42, which is related to actin cytoskeleton in podocytes, by wortmannin administration were confirmed by Western blotting. The expression levels of nephrin (79.66 ± 0.02), podocin (87.81 ± 0.03) and Rac1/Cdc42 (86.12 ± 0.02) in the wortmannin group were higher than the expression levels of nephrin (55.32 ± 0.03), podocin (53.40 ±0.06) and Rac1/Cdc42 (54.05 ± 0.04) in the SPRD group. In addition, expression and localization of nephrin, podocin and desmin were confirmed by immunofluorescence. In summary, we found for the first time that wortmannin has a reno-protective effect on SPRD rats during the early DN. The beneficial effects of wortmannin in SPRD rats indicate that this compound could be used to delay the progression of the disease during the early DN stage.
Multi-Level Thresholding based on Non-Parametric Approaches for Fast Segmentation
( Sung Ho Cho ),( Hoang Thai Duy ),( Jae Woong Han ),( Heon Hwang ) 한국농업기계학회 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.2
Purpose: In image segmentation via thresholding, Otsu and Kapur methods have been widely used because of their effectiveness and robustness. However, computational complexity of these methods grows exponentially as the number of thresholds increases due to the exhaustive search characteristics. Methods: Particle swarm optimization (PSO) And genetic algorithms (GAs) can accelerate the computation. Both methods, however, also have some drawbacks including slow convergence and ease of being trapped in a local optimum instead of a global optimum. To overcome these difficulties, we proposed two new mlti-level thresholding methods based on Bacteria Foraging PSO (BFPSO) and real-coded Ga algorithms for fast segmentation. Results: The results from BFPSO and real-coded GA methods were compared with each other and also compared with the results obtained from the Otsu and Kapur methods. Conclusions: The porposed methods were computationally efficient and showed the excellent accuracy and stability. Results of the proposed methods were demonstrated using four real images.
( Sang Joun Yu ),( Sang Sik Moon ),( Hyun Seon Jang ),( Kyung Yoon Han ),( Kwang Se Hwang ),( Seong Ho Choi ),( Young Hyuk Kwon ),( Byung Ock Kim ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2012 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.9 No.6
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of absorbable atelocollagen sponge on healing of hard tissue of buccal dehiscence defects in mongrel dogs. The mandibular second and fourth premolars of 12 dogs were extracted. Group 1 and Group 2 consisted of dogs without and with an inserted atelocollagen sponge after extraction with buccal plate preservation ; Group 3 and Group 4 consisted of dogs without and with an inserted atelocollagen sponge after removing two thirds of the buccal wall. At 10 weeks, Group 4 presented a significantly greater increase in the height of the alveolar bone crest than that of Group 3. Histologically, Group 2 and Group 4 showed better new bone formation ability than Groups 1, 3 at 6 weeks after extraction. The new bone formation ability of Group 3 was the poorest at 10 weeks. The results showed that the transplantation of absorbable atelocollagen sponge in the extraction socket can promote new bone formation and compensate marginal ridge reconstruction.
( Sung Yong Park ),( Dae Hee Kim ),( Han Bum Joe ),( Sun Kyung Park ),( Ji Hoon Hwang ),( Yong Woo Hong ) 대한마취과학회 2010 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.59 No.4
Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become an important monitoring device for patients undergoing cardiac or noncardiac surgery. Complications associated with TEE are unusual, but the potential for TEE probe compression of the posterior vascular structures has been reported in pediatric patients. We present here a case of occlusion of the right subclavian artery in an adult patient with a vascular ring after insertion of a TEE probe. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 59: 283-285)