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The Letters of Hanam Sunim:Practice after Enlightenmentand Obscurity
Ven. Chong Go 동국대학교 불교문화연구원 2008 International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Cultur Vol.10 No.-
The letters of the early twentieth century sŏn master Hanam Sunim provide a unique view into his thought about spiritual practice after enlightenment. Surprisingly, they also contain clues that may help explain the lack of interest in Hanam Sunim’s life and teachings in the 40 years following his death. This paper explores Hanam Sunim’s thought about practice after enlightenment and the role it and other factors may have played in the obscurity that befell one of the greatest sŏn masters of the era. In addition to socio-economic influences, it was observed that Hanam Sunim’s views were opposed by the majority of the leaders of the Purification Movement of the 1950’s and 1960’s. Perhaps not coincidentally, Hanam Sunim’s teachings only began to draw attention in the early 1990’s as the previous generation of leaders began to pass from positions of influence and power.
하지수술에서 Ropivacaine-Fentanyl 경막외마취시 첨가한 Clonidine의 용량에 따른 효과
고우석,정종달,안태훈,유병식,임경준,소금영,이현영 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4
Background: Ropivacaine is an amino amide local anesthetic that has an advantage of a low-toxicity profile. Clonidine, an α_2 adrenergic agonist, is known to prolong and intensify anesthesia from epidural local anesthetics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose-response effects of added clonidine to ropivacaine-fentanyl epidural anesthesia for lower extremity surgery. methods: Forty-five patients undergoing lower extremity surgery were randomly allocated to three groups to be given the following agents by and epidural route: 0.75% ropivacaine 15 ml + fentanyl 50 ㎍ (group Ⅰ), 100 ㎍ (group Ⅱ), or 150 ㎍ (group Ⅲ). Onset and maximal height of sensory block, and duration of sensory and motor block were assessed. Also, blood pressure, heart rate and sedation score were measured. Results: Duration of sensory and motor block of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly longer than that of group Ⅰ, but there was no difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ. Two segment regression times were significantly different among the three groups. Onset of sensory block, blood pressure, heart rate, and sedation scores were not significantly different among the three groups. Conclusions: The addition of Clonidine 100 and 150 ㎍ prolonged duration of anesthesia more than 50 ㎍ with ropivacaine-fentanyl epidural anesthesia for lower extremity surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 429~435)