Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Novel Methylene Cyclopropyl Nucleosides

Kwak, Eun Yee,Hong, Joon Hee,Lee, Chong Kyo,Choi, Bo Gil 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2000 약품개발연구지 Vol.9 No.1

Novel exomethylene cyclopropyl nucleosides were synthesized as potential antiviral agents. The key intermediate 5 was synthesized in 4 soaps, from Feints acid 1 and was condensed with purine derivatives by the S_N2 type reaction to give some cyclopropyl nucleosides. The synthesized nucleosides did not showed any significant antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV, HIV-1, HIV-2, and HBV up to 100 μM.

Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Novel C-Methyl Branched Cyclopropyl Nucleosides

Kwak, Eun-Yee,Hong, Joon-Hee,Park, Young-Jak,Choi, Bo-Gil The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2003 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.26 No.9

A series of novel cyclopropyl nucleosides was synthesized using the highly stereoselective Simmons-Smith reaction starting from 1,2:5,6-di-Ο-isopropylidene-D-mannitol. The structural assignments of these nucleosides were determined by NMR studies and X-ray crystallography. All the synthesized nucleosides were assayed against several viruses.

Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Novel C-Methyl Branched Cyclopropyl Nucleosides

( Eun Yee Kwak ),( Joon Hee Hong ),( Young Ja Park ),( Bo Gil Choi ) 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2003 약품개발연구지 Vol.12 No.-

Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Novel Methylene Cyclopropyl Nucleosides

kwak, Eun-Yee,Hong, Joon-Hee,Lee, Chong-Kyo,Choi, Bo-Gil The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2000 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.23 No.6

Novel exomethylene cyclopropyl nucleosides were synthesized as potential antiviral agents. The key intermediate 5 was synthesized in 4 steps, from Feists acid 1 and was condensed with purine derivatives by the $S_N2$ type reaction to give some cyclopropyl nucleosides. The synthesized nucleosides did not showed any significant antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV, HIV-1, HIV-2, and HBV up to 100 $\mu\textrm{m}$.

Streptococcus pneumoniae와 Haemophilus influenzae 임상분리주에 대한 Cefditoren의 시험관내 항균력

곽이경 ( Yee Gyung Kwak ),추은주 ( Eun Ju Choo ),박수진 ( Su Jin Park ),이정은 ( Jeong Eun Lee ),정진용 ( Jin Yong Jeong ),최상호 ( Sang Ho Choi ),김남중 ( Nam Joong Kim ),김양수 ( Yang Soo Kim ),우준희 ( Jun Hee Woo ),류지소 ( Ji 대한내과학회 2007 대한내과학회지 Vol.72 No.1

목적: 본 연구에서는 그람양성 및 음성 세균에 대해 광범위한 항균력을 나타내는 것으로 알려진 cefditoren의 임상적 유용성을 평가하기 위해 국내에서 분리된 S. pneumoniae와 H. influenzae 임상균주를 대상으로 cefditoren의 시험관내 항균력을 흔히 임상에서 사용되고 있는 다른 경구용 항균제들과 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2004년 3월까지 서울아산병원에서 분리된 S. pneumoniae 120균주와 H. influenzae 80 균주를 대상으로 미국임상검사표준화협회의 방법에 따라 cefditoren과 다른 경구용 항균제에 대한 최소억제농도를 측정하였다. 결과: 모든 S. pneumoniae 균주는 cefditoren 농도 1 μg/mL 이하에서 억제되어 (MIC50/MIC90 0.25/1 μg/mL; range 0.015~1 μg/mL) cefditoren의 감수성 기준을 1 μg/mL로 하였을 때 penicillin에 대한 감수성 여부에 상관없이 모든 균주가 cefditoren에 감수성을 보였다. Penicillin 감수성 균주에서 cefditoren의 MIC (0.015~0.03 μg/mL)는 penicillin 중간 내성 (0.03~0.5 μg/mL) 및 내성 균주 (0.5~1 μg/mL)에 비해 낮았으며, H. influenzae에 대해서는 ampicillin 감수성 및 내성 H. influenzae 모두에서 우수한 항균력을 보였다 (MIC50/MIC90 0.015/0.03 μg/mL; range <0.008~0.03 μg/mL). 결론: Cefditoren은 penicillin이나 ampicillin에 대한 내성 여부에 상관없이 원외 호흡기 감염증의 흔한 원인 균인 S. pneumoniae와 H. influenzae에 대해 우수한 시험관내 항균력을 보였고 따라서 원외 호흡기 감염증 치료를 위한 경구용 항균제로 유용할 것으로 생각된다. Background: The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of cefditoren, an oral third-generation aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates in a tertiary hospital. Methods: We have studied the in vitro activities of cefditoren and other oral antibiotics against 120 S. pneumoniae isolates, including 80 penicillin non-susceptible isolates and 80 H. influenzae isolates from clinical specimens of patients at the Asan Medical Center. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the agar dilution method. Results: All S. pneumoniae strains tested were inhibited by 1 g/mL of cefditoren (MIC50/MIC90 0.25/1 μg/mL; range 0.015~1 μg/mL). The MICs were lower for penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae (MIC90 0.015 g/mL) as compared to penicillin-intermediate resistant (MIC90 0.5 g/mL) or penicillin-resistant strains (MIC90 1 μg/mL). Cefditoren was active against all tested H. influenzae strains (MIC50/MIC90 0.015/0.03 μg/mL; range <0.008~0.03 g/mL) and its activity was comparable to levofloxacin and cefixime. Conclusions: Cefditoren had an excellent activity against S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae irrespective of penicillin or ampicillin resistance, respectively. The results of this study suggest that cefditoren is a good choice of an antibiotic to use for empirical oral treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. (Korean J Med 72:68-73, 2007)

Comparison of the Seroprevalence of Measles Antibodies among Healthcare Workers in Two Korean Hospitals in 2019

Kwak Yee Gyung,Song Je Eun,Oh Gang-Bok,Jeong In Hye,Cho Chong Rae,Kim Namhee,Yoo Hyeon Mi,Yoo Gyeong Min,Lee Myung Jin,김백남 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.1

We performed a point seroprevalence survey of measles among healthcare workers (HCWs) at two Korean teaching hospitals in 2019. A total of 2,830 HCWs underwent an antibody test. The overall seropositivity of measles was 93.1%. The seroprevalence of measles was lowest in HCWs aged 20 - 24 years (81.2%), followed by those aged 25 - 29 years (90.1%). The rates of anti-measles IgG positivity were significantly different between the two hospitals (97.0% vs. 89.4%, P <0.001). These results suggest that the seropositivity of measles in HCWs may differ depending on the hospital's vaccination policy.

COVID-19 and Panax ginseng: Targeting platelet aggregation, thrombosis and the coagulation pathway

Yuan Yee Lee,Yixian Quah,Jung-Hae Shin,Hyuk-Woo Kwon,Dong-Ha Lee,Jee Eun Han,Jin-Kyu Park,Sung Dae Kim,Dongmi Kwak,Seung-Chun Park,Man Hee Rhee 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.2

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only targets the respiratory system but also triggers a cytokine storm and a series of complications, such as gastrointestinal problems, acute kidney injury, and myocardial ischemia. The use of natural products has been utilized to ease the symptoms of COVID-19, and in some cases, to strengthen the immune system against COVID-19. Natural products are readily available and have been regularly consumed for various health benefits. COVID-19 has been reported to be associated with the risk of thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis. These thrombotic complications often affects mortality and morbidity. Panax ginseng, which has been widely consumed for its various health benefits has also been reported for its therapeutic effects against cardiovascular disease, thrombosis and platelet aggregation. In this review, we propose that P. ginseng can be consumed as a supplementation against the various associated complications of COVID-19, especially against thrombosis. We utilized the network pharmacology approach to validate the potential therapeutic properties of P. ginseng against COVID-19 mediated thrombosis, the coagulation pathway and platelet aggregation. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the roles of P. ginseng against COVID-19 with the involvement of platelet-leukocyte aggregates in relation to immunity-related responses in COVID-19.

Development and Effects of a Depression Management Program Based on Reminiscence Therapy for the Elderly Living Alone - Individual Home Visit Programs

Jeong Yee Bae,Su Mi Kang,Eun Ha Kim,Min Yeong Kwak,Sung Su Jung 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 국가·사회적인 위기로 대두된 독거노인의 우울을 관리하기 위하여 회상요법을 기반으로 한 우울관리 프로그램을 개발하고, 이를 독거노인에게 적용하여 자아존중감, 우울, 자살경향성에 대한 효과를 검정하기 위함이다. 본 연구는 우울관리 프로그램을 개발하고 독거노인에게 적용한 후 이에 대한 효과를 검정하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전·후 설계를 이용한 유사실험 연구이다. 회상요법을 기반으로 한 우울관리 프로그램을 독거노인에게 적용한 결과, 우울관리 프로그램에 참여한 실험군은 우울관리 프로그램에 참여하지 않은 대조군에 비해 자아존중감 정도는 높게 나타났고, 우울 및 자살경향성 정도는 낮게 나타났다. 이를 통해 회상요법을 기반으로 한 우울관리 프로그램은 독거노인의 자아존중감은 향상시키고, 우울 및 자살경향성은 감소시키는 효과적인 중재임이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 실험처치 직후의 효과만 측정하였으므로 앞으로 반복적인 측정을 통해 프로그램 효과의 지속성을 검정하는 장기적인 추후연구가 이루어지기를 제언한다. The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a program to manage the depression of elderly people who live alone, which is now considered as a national and social crisis in South Korea. This study uses a similar experimental and retrospective before-and-after design with non-equivalent controls for a depression management program for the elderly who live alone. The experimental group who participated in the depression management program showed higher self-esteem and lower depression and suicide tendency scores than the control group who did not participate in the program. The depression management program was found to be an effective intervention that improves self-esteem and reduces depression and suicidal inclination among the elderly living alone. Since the effect was measured immediately after the experimental treatment, it is suggested that a long-term follow-up study should be conducted to verify the persistence of the effect through repeated measurements.

Effects of Movie-based Awareness Improvement Program on Attitudes toward Mental Illness among University Nursing Students

Jeong Yee Bae,Min Yeong Kwak,Eun Ha Kim,Su Mi Kang,Han Na Yi 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.1

정신보건법 개정 이후 정신질환자 탈원화와 지역사회 유입에 대한 우려가 커지고 있으며 최근 정신질환자에 의한 살인 사건이 잇따르면서, 정신질환에 대한 편견은 더욱 심화되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정신질환자에 대한 부정적인 태도를 개선하기 위하여 영화기반 정신질환 인식개선 프로그램을 개발하고 예비의료인인 간호대학생에게 적용하여 효과를 검정하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 간호대학생을 위한 영화기반 정신질환 인식개선 프로그램을 개발 및 적용하고, 효과를 검정하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전·후 설계를 이용한 유사실험 연구이다. 영화기반 정신질환 인식개선 프로그램에 참여한 실험군은 대조군보다 정신질환자에 대한 권위주의, 사회생활 제한 점수가 감소하였고, 자비심, 지역사회정신보건 이념 점수가 증가하였다. 영화기반 정신질환 인식개선 프로그램은 간호대학생의 정신질환자에 대한 태도 변화에 효과적인 중재임이 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 전국민적 인식개선을 위하여 다양한 집단을 대상으로 확대 적용할 필요가 있으며, 개인의 성향 차이를 고려하고 반복측정을 통해 프로그램 효과의 지속성을 검정하는 추후연구를 제언한다. The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a movie-based program to university nursing students to improve their negative awareness of mentally ill persons. The study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group. The program decreased the scores of authoritarianism and social restrictiveness toward mentally ill persons and increased the scores of benevolence and community mental health ideology among the experimental group than the control group who did not participate in the program. The movie-based mental illness awareness improvement program was found to be an effective intervention in improving the attitude of university nursing students toward mentally ill persons. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to expand the application of this program to various groups to promote national awareness. In addition, it is suggested that long-term follow-up studies should be conducted to consider individual personality differences and verify the persistence of the effects through repeated measurements.

The anti-platelet activity of panaxadiol fraction and panaxatriol fraction of Korean Red Ginseng in vitro and ex vivo

Yuan Yee Lee,Yein Oh,Min-Soo Seo,Min-Goo Seo,Jee Eun Han,Kyoo-Tae Kim,Jin-Kyu Park,Sung Dae Kim,Sang-Joon Park,Dongmi Kwak,Man Hee Rhee 고려인삼학회 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.5

Background: The anti-platelet activity of the saponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng has been widelystudied. The saponin fraction consists of the panaxadiol fraction (PDF) and panaxatriol fraction (PTF);however, their anti-platelet activity is yet to be compared. Our study aimed to investigate the potency ofanti-platelet activity of PDF and PTF and to elucidate how well they retain their anti-platelet activity viadifferent administration routes. Methods: For ex vivo studies, Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered 250 mg/kg PDF and PTF for 7consecutive days before blood collection via cardiac puncture. Platelet aggregation was conducted afterisolation of the washed platelets. For in vitro studies, washed platelets were obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats. Collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were used to induce platelet aggregation. Collagenwas used as an agonist for assaying adenosine triphosphate release, thromboxane B2, serotonin,cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) release. Results: When treated ex vivo, PDF not only inhibited ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation,but also upregulated cGMP levels and reduced platelet adhesion to fibronectin. Furthermore, it alsoinhibited Akt phosphorylation induced by collagen treatment. Panaxadiol fraction did not exert any antiplateletactivity in vitro, whereas PTF exhibited potent anti-platelet activity, inhibiting ADP, collagen, andthrombin-induced platelet aggregation, but significantly elevated levels of cGMP. Conclusion: Our study showed that in vitro and ex vivo PDF and PTF treatments exhibited differentpotency levels, indicating possible metabolic conversions of ginsenosides, which altered the content ofginsenosides capable of preventing platelet aggregation.