Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

식민지기 관북 출신 시인들의 방언 의식과 시적 언어의 향방

강은진(Kang, Eun-Jin) 한국시학회 2016 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.45

1930년대의 표준어 담론은 국어학계를 중심으로 한 어문운동으로 전개되었고, 어문운동의 실천적 방편으로 문학작품 창작의 표준어 사용 문제가 부각되었다. 삼천리가 1940년 총 4회에 걸쳐 게재한 ‘향토문화 좌담회’는 이러한 배경에서 등장했다. 이 좌담회의 관북지역 편에서는 김기림, 김광섭, 이용악 등 시인들 대부분이 공통적으로 미학적 열등함과 소통의 장애 때문에 이를 시에 사용하는 것을 몹시 꺼리고 있음이 드러난다. 그런데 방언과 관련한 이 세 시인의 시적 언어는 각기 다른 방향으로 전개된다. 모더니티를 ‘문명의 아들’로 간주했던 김기림에게 방언은 지역의 언어이자 과거의 언어였다. 따라서 그는 방언을 극복하고 외래어, 신조어, 관념어 등을 시적 언어로 채용함으로써 신문명의 상징으로서의 언어적 모더니티를 구현하고자 했던 것이다. 그러나 그의 시에는 방언을 민족의 언어이자 강한 활력을 지닌 언어로 인식하는 복합적 태도도 분명히 존재한다. 김광섭은 매우 철저하게 방언과 지방색을 탈각하고 세련된 서울말로 시를 창작했다. 그는 ‘지방’이라는 단어를 그의 정신에서 지워냈고, 시의 언어에서도 지역성과 방언을 거의 완벽에 가깝도록 소거해버렸다. 이러한 강박적 시작업에는 서구 상징주의를 흠모했던 그의 문학적 편력도 크게 작용했다. 그의 시의 언어는 고립된 달팽이가 은으로 된 실을 짜내듯 고결하고 신비로운 작업으로 그려진다. 반면 이용악은 북방 정서를 서울말을 근간으로 시에 담아냈다. ‘중앙’과 ‘지방’이라는 지역 표상은 ‘표준어’와 ‘방언’이라는 언어 표상으로 확대되고, 여기에 계급적 성격이 부가되면서 방언은 슬픔의 언어가 된다.『전라도 가시내』는 삶의 중앙에서 밀려난 ‘지방’ 사람들의 고난과 슬픔이 녹아 있는 시이다. 북간도에서 만난 함경도 사내와 전라도 가시내는 삶의 주변부의 언어로 서로를 위로한다. 이 때 매개가 되는 것이 바로 방언이다. 이용악은 사용층의 감성을 뜨겁게 감싸는 방언의 정서적 기능에 깊이 고무되어 있었던 것이다. The issue of standard language in the 1930s arose from a literary movement that developed around the Korean linguistics. Then, the standard language of literature emerged as a practical means of this literary movement. A series of ‘Roundtable Discussion on Folk Culture’ that Samchully posted four times appeared in this context. This discussion is divided whole Korea into Kwan-Soe, Ki-Ho, Yong-Nam, Yong-Dong, Kwan-Buk. It showed awareness of the local native dialect writers. Especially poets in the area of Kwan-Buk such as Kim, Ki-Rim, Kim Kwang-Seoup, Lee, Yong -Ak most commonly reveals that it is very reluctant to use dialects in their poem. It was because of aesthetic inferiority and communication disorders. In connection with the dialect, the poetic language of each of these three poets are deployed in a different direction. To Kim, Ki-Rim Modernity was considered to be a “son of civilizations”, so dialect was the language of the past and local. Therefore he used a foreign words, neologism, such as conceptual words sought to implement a symbol of poetic language as a linguistic modernity of the new civilization. Kim, Kwang-Seop wrote a poem words to eliminate dialect and locality thoroughly. His literary tastes adore the Western symbolism had a huge impact on this work. He portrayed language of poetry as virtuous and beautiful feature. It seemed like an isolated snail weaved beautiful silver strings. On the other hand Lee, Yong-Ak wrote a poem containing the Northern sentiment in standard language. Hometown was the alienated ‘country’ from the center and local people including himself were ‘rural people’ to wander here and there. Regional representation of ‘central’ and ‘local’ were extended to language representation of ‘standard language’ and ‘dialect’. The class consciousness was added to those concept, dialect became the language of grief. Lee was deeply encouraged by the emotional function of the dialect to comfort the local people.

Consumer Recognition Survey for Establishing the Reasonable Expiration Dates of Health Functional Foods

( Soo Jin Youn ),( Joo Youn Park ),( Hee Su Kim ),( Eun Jin Kang ),( Kil Jin Kang1 ),( Hye Kyung Park ),( Gun Hee Kim ) 한국식생활문화학회 2009 Food Quality and Culture Vol.3 No.2

This study investigated consumers` recognition on shelf life of health functional foods to set up their rational expiration date. For this study 107 male and female adults aged 20 to 59 years were randomly selected as major consumers of health functional foods. And their data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0. The questionnaire included questions asking a consumer`s recognition on the shelf life of health functional foods and how to treat health function food passing its shelf life. In this study, the consumers were found to pay attentions considerably to the shelf life. But most of them did not know an accurate meaning of the shelf life of health functional food and mistook it for expiry date. In addition, the consumers doubted safety of health functional foods passing the shelf life. Therefore, education for consumers about an accurate meaning of the shelf life was needed. The results of this study were considered to be helpful to set up a reasonable expiration date for health functional food.

진행성 비소세포폐암의 이차항암화학요법으로서 Docetaxel 단독요법의 성적

강현모,이정은,장필순,이연선,권선중,안진영,정성수,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 암연구소 2006 암연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.-

Background : The survival benefit associated with first-line chemotherapy in lung cancer has led to the need for second -line chemotherapy, for which Docetaxel (Taxotere^(?)) has proven efficacy in both settings. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of docetaxel in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had failed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods : Thirty one patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, who had failed first line platinum-based chemotherapy, between March 1999 and August 2003, were enrolled in this study. Patients received intravenous docetaxel, either 75 mg/㎡ or 100 mg/㎡, with routine premedication every three weeks. Results : Fourteen patients (45.2%) had a partial response. The median survival and progression- free survival times were 12.5 months (95% CI 7.3-17.6) and 3.0 months (95% CI 1.6-4.5), respectively. This study showed 2 factors gave different survival benefits; the age (< 60 years: 20.1 months vs. > 60 years: 6.6 months, p=0.0105) and the histological type (adenocarcinoma: 25.6 months vs. others: 7.9 months, p=0.0055). The predominant toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred as WHO grade 3 or 4 in 38.7 % of patients. One treatment related death was also reported. Non-hematological toxicity was minor and easily controlled. There were no significant statistical differences in the survival benefit and toxicity between the two doses. Conclusion : Docetaxel, as second-line monotherapy, was well tolerated and effective in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who failed first line platinum -based chemotherapy. (Tuberc Respir DiS 2005: 58: 465-472)

구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

부분 간 절제가 Dimethylnitrosamine으로 인한 간 병변에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

은희경,김진만,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

In an attempt to elucidate the pathological effects of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) administration following partial hepatectomy (1/3), the present study was undertaken in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The evidence of hyperplastic nodules, the number and nuclear size of dysplastic cells, and the ratio of liver weight compared to body weight were evaluated, especially emphasizing on the difference among several groups. Rats were partially hepatectomized and DMN(10mg or 20mg per Kg) was administered at 20 hours or 40 hours after partial hepatectomy, and then weekly injected three times. Eight weeks after initial DMN injection group of these animals was placed on a diet containing phenobarbital 50mg per 10ml H_20. The animals were sacrified on 60, 90, and 120 days after DMN injection. The results were as follows; 1. The hyperplastic nodules in the DMN treated groups at 20 hours after partial hepatectomy (PH) were more prominent than those of the DMN treated groups at 40 hours after PH. 2. The number of dysplastic hepatocytes increased in the DMN treated groups at 20 hours after PH, compared to those of the DMN treated groups at 40 hours after PH. 3. The hyperplastic nodules and the numbers of dysplastic hepatocytes were more prominent than those of the control, and also proportional to the amount of treated DMN. 4. The average nuclear size of dysplastic cells was much larger (about 1.5 to 1.6 times) than that of the control. 5. The ratio of liver weight compared to body weight in phenobarbital groups was much larger than that of no phenobarbital treated groups. In summary, the result obtained by the present study indicates dimethylnitrosamine(DMN) induced hyperplastic nodules accompained by liver cell dysplasia. The observation provided some evidence supporting that proliferation hepatocytes rose to a peak at the G_1-S border phase and phenobarbital promoted DMN induced liver cell hyperplasia or dysplasia.

누두흉 환자에서 Nuss 금속막대 제거 전 · 후 폐 역학 변화

강규식,백남순,김천숙,안기량,권진형,김지은,유시현 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Nuss operation is one of the surgical procedure for pectus excavatum and it's method is the insertion of convex steel bar under the sternum through small bilateral thoracic incision. As the patients is growing, the thorax can be compressed gradually by steel bar. So Nuss bar needs to be removed two years after Nuss operation. This study was undertaken to assess the effect on the repiratory mechanics before and after the removal of the Nuss bar. Twenty patients with previous Nuss operation were allocated for the removal of Nuss bar. Lung mechanics (dynamic lung compliance, static lung compliance, and airway resistance), hemodynamic change (heart rate, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure), and pulmonary gas exchange (arterial oxygen tension, arterial carbon dioxide tension, pulse oximeter saturation, and end tidal carbon dioxide tension) were measured before and after removal of Nuss bar. Respiratory mechanics (dynamic and static lung compliance, inspiratory airway resistance), pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamic parameter were unchanged before and after the removal of Nuss bar. We concluded that lung mechanics were not changed before and after the removal of Nuss bar in the patients with pectus excavatum and the 95% patients were satisfied with operation.

8년간(1992~1999) 산업안전보건연구원에 의뢰된 직업병 심의 사례 분석

강성규,김규상,김양호,최정근,안연순,진영우,최병순,양정선,김은아,채창호,최용휴,김대성,박정선,정호근 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardio-cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Methods : The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999. Results : Male was 80.7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75.5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50.7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4%), cancers(18.5%), Neuropsychiatric problems(14.5%), and musculoskeletal problems(13.5%). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73.6% of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28.5 % were by organic solvents. 67% of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country. Conclusions : A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

입냄새 관련 인지도 조사

강은혜,강성귀,최재홍,성진효 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate obtained information regarding a patient's halitosis and investigate about relationship between halitosis and related factors. Halitosis is general term used to describe any disagreeable odor in expired air. Also Halitosis affects a large proporation of population and may cause a significant social of psychological handicap to those suffering from it. Recently many scientist have concern about halitosis. The clinicians will be tried care to patient of halitosis more exactly, if he or she know patient's information about history, symptom, related factors of halitosis. The subjects were 77 who young peoples with 25 years old and using a questionnaire about self and other perception of halitosis, general and oral status, diet controls and cognition etc. The collected data was to analyzed and tested statistical significant. The results were as follows : 1.In presence of halitosis, the self perception was 26% and other Perception was 44%. 2.The group who was indicated malodorer by others is more sensitive in self-bad breath than other groups (p<0.05) 3.In life style, the other perception group have had more smoking than non-other perception group(p<0.05) . 4.The favorite food with strong smell have investigated kimchi , garlic, onion, coffee, spicy curry. Welsh onion and wine. 5. The kinds of food occurred to odor have investigated garlic, onion, coffee, kinds of kimchi, stew, meat and milk. 6. There was not significant correlation among other perception of halitosis and favorite food with strong smell, kinds of food occurred to odor, medical history, present health condition, food impaction to teeth, drinking habit and menstration.

노인성 골다공증성 추체 압박골절 환자에 대한 경피적 척추성형술 후 치료 결과 및 합병증 : Treatment Efficacy and Complications

강동호,김기정,이철희,황수현,김은상,정진명 대한노인병학회 2002 대한노인병학회지 Vol.6 No.3