토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

유기질비료 시비량에 따른 오미자 묘목의 초기 생육특성에 관한 연구

이경아,박태호,박성용,김도현,오문국,김민수,안태진,이상원,김영국,안영섭,박충범,차선우,송범헌 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was carried out to have basic and applied informations to find the optimum nitrogen fertilization level for organic cultivation and to investigate early growth characteristics of Schizandra chinensis Baillon. Different application levels of the organic fertilizer were based on the recommended rate of N fertilizer. Five different levels of the organic fertilizer were applied to S. chinensis and early growth responses such as the length of vine, the diameter of vine, the number of leaves, and the number of branches were investigated. Lengths of main and total vines were shown longer at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer than those at others. The vine length at early growth was the highest at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer among the treatments. Stem diameter was shown thicker level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer than others on August and September, whereas on October it was the thickest in the conventional cultivation. Number of leaf was increased higher at the level of 1.0 and 2.0 times organic fertilizer than that in the compared to conventional. The number of branches was appeared the lowest at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer at early growth, however they were increased through progressing their growth stages. They were not significantly difference among the treatments except for the level of 2.0 times organic fertilizer. Based on the research results, the growth of S. chinensis was commonly higher at the level of 1.0 time organic fertilizer compared to other treatments.

남자 알코올 의존 환자의 기질적 특성에 관한 연구

김성곤,민영기,이덕기,김미영,송영상,권도훈,고영훈,박제민,정병선 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.1

목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 한국인 남자 알코올 의존 환자의 기질적 특성을 Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI)를 이용하여 조사하는 것이다. 방 법: DSM-Ⅳ 진단 기준에 맞는 알코올 의존 환자 30명과 정상인 36명을 대상으로 연구학적 특성을 조사하고, 기질적 특성을 한글판 TCI를 이용하여 조사하였다. 모든 대상자의 나이는 30~60세였다. 결 과: 1) 두 군간 평균 나이는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 교육 정도와 결혼을 유지하고 있는 비율 및 취업률은 알코올 의존군이 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 2) 알코올 의존군에서는 정상 대조군에 비해 Harm Avoidance(HA) 점수와 Self-transcendence(ST)점수는 유의하게 높았으며, Self-directiveness(SD)점수는 유의하게 낮았다. 3) 알코올 의존군 내에서의 각 척도들 간의 상관관계는, HA와 SD 점수, HA와 Persistence(PE) 점수, ST와 SD 점수는 각각 유의한 음의 상관관계, ST와 PE 점수, SD 점수와 Cooperativeness(CO) 점수, Reward Dependence(RD)와 CO 점수는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론: 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 한국인 남성에서 수줍음을 잘 타며, 걱정도 많고, 염세적이고 쉽게 피로해지는 기질적 특성이 알코올 의존과 연관성이 있음을 의미한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the temperament of male parients with alcohol dependence. Methods : The subjects were 30 patients who met DSM-Ⅳ criteria for alcohol dependence and 36 normal controls. All subjects completed Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI) which was developed by Cloninger. Results : 1) The educational level, marital status, and occupation in alcohol dependence group were significantly lower than those of normal control group, but there was no difference in the age between two groups. 2) Among the scores of TCI, the score of harm avoidance(HA) and self-transcendence(ST) were significantly higher in the alcohol dependence group than in the normal control group. 3) In the alcohol dependence group, a significant negative correlation among the scores of TCI was between HA and SD, HA and Persistence(PE), ST and SD, and positive correlation between ST and PE, SD and Cooperativeness(CO), Reward Dependence(RD) and CO. Conclusion : These results suggest that shy, fearful, pessimistic and fatigable temperament are related to developing alcohol dependence in Korean males.

Sarcopenia: Definition and Measurement

( Do Seon Song ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

근감소증은 주로 나이가 증가함에 따라 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있고, 만성 간질환을 포함한 만성 질환 환자에서도 발생할 수 있다. 근감소증은 근육량의 감소뿐 만 아니라 근력 또는 신체 활동 능력의 감소를 포함한다. 근육량은 전산화 단층촬영, 이중 에너지 X선 흡광분석법, 바이오임피던스 등을 이용하여 측정할 수 있지만, 만성 간질환 환자에서는 수분저류가 근육량 측정에 영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 해석에 주의가 필요하다. 근력은 악력 검사를 이용할 수 있고, 신체 활동 능력은 보행 속도를 통해 측정할 수 있다. 근감소증은 인종 및 성별에 따라 다르게 나타나기 때문에 여러 가이드라인에서 서로 다른 기준치를 제시하고 있다. 또한 만성 간질환 환자에서 예후를 예측할 수 있는 적절한 근감소증 기준에 대한 연구도 부족하다. 따라서 근감소증을 진단하기 위한 적절한 검사 방법과 적절한 기준치에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

DC Bead Transarterial Chemoembolization Is Effective in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Refractory to Conventional Transarteral Chemoembolization: A Pilot Study

( Do Seon Song ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Sun Hong Yoo ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Seung Kew Yoon ),( Ho Jong Chun ),( Byung Gil Choi ),( Hae Giu Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.1

Background/Aims: To determine if hepatocellular carcinoma refractory to conventional transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) responds to TACE with DC beads. Methods: Between July 2008 to June 2010, 435 patients underwent TACE. Of these, 10 patients who had tumors refractory to conventional TACE and who thus were treated with TACE with DC beads were enrolled in this study. The treatment response after TACE with DC beads was evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and the Response Evaluation Criteria in Cancer of the Liver (RECICL). Results: Ten tumors were treated in 10 patients. Using the mRECIST and the RECICL, a complete response was observed in four (40%) of the tumors, and six tumors (60%) showed a partial response. Eight (80%) out of 10 HCCs showed delayed enhancement patterns upon angiography, and better responses were observed in these cases following DC bead treatment. The adverse effects of treatment with DC beads became tolerable. Conclusions: TACE with DC beads was effective for HCCs refractory to conventional TACE, and this treatment elicited a better response, especially when the tumors were small and showed a delayed enhancement pattern upon angiography. (Gut Liver 2013;7:89-95)

Continuing besifovir dipivoxil maleate versus switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for treatment of chronic hepatitis B: Results of 192-week phase 3 trial

( Do Seon Song ),( Won Kim ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Gun Young Hong ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Joo 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.2

Background/Aims: Besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV), an acyclic nucleotide phosphonate, shows potent antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Our previous 48-week trial revealed that BSV has comparable antiviral efficacy to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and better safety profiles in terms of improved renal and bone safety. This extension study evaluated the prolonged efficacy and safety of BSV in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods: Patients continued to participate in an open-label BSV study after an initial 48-week double-blind comparison of BSV and TDF treatment. The antiviral efficacy and drug safety was evaluated up to 192 weeks in two groups: patients continuing BSV treatment (BSV-BSV) and patients switching from TDF to BSV after 48 weeks (TDF-BSV). Results: Among 197 patients receiving randomized treatments, 170 (86%) entered the open-label phase and 152 (77%) entered the 192-week extension study. Virological response rates over 192 weeks were 92.50% and 93.06% in the BSV-BSV and TDF-BSV groups, respectively (P=0.90). Hepatitis B envelop antigen seroconversion and alanine aminotransferase normalization rates were similar between the groups (P=0.75 and P=0.36, respectively). There were no drug-resistant mutations to BSV. Bone mineral density and renal function were well preserved in the BSV-BSV group, whereas these initially worsened then recovered after switching therapy in the TDF-BSV group. Conclusions: BSV maintained potent antiviral efficacy after 192 weeks and showed no evidence of drug resistance. BSV was safe, well tolerated, and effective in patients who switched from TDF to BSV. Trial Registration Number: NCT01937806 (date: 10 Sep 2013). (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:346-359)

Association between Sarcopenia and Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Quality of Life in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

( Do Seon Song ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Jae Yoon Jeong ),( Tae Yeob Kim ),( Sang Bong Ahn ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Sung Eun Kim ),( Hyoung Su Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: We aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy and quality of life in cirrhotic patients. Methods: Liver cirrhosis patients associated with chronic hepatitis B were prospectively recruited in 15 hospitals between April 2016 and December 2017. Among these 223 patients, 128 patients who assessed handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass were analyzed. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy was diagnosed when psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) was less than -4. Quality of life was assessed by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Sarcopenia was defined as lower quintile using handgrip strength and skeletal muscle index (SMI). SMI was calculated by total muscle mass/height². Results: Mean age was 53.5 years, and 63.3% was male. MHE was 27.3%. Cut-off values of sarcopenia were as follows; 10.2 kg/m2 in men and 8.15kg/m2 in women for sarcopenia by SMI, and 27 kg in men and 18 kg in women for sarcopenia by handgrip strength. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of MHE and PHES score value between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic group (P=0.077 and P=0.152 by SMI, P=0.935 and P=0.888 by handgrip strength). An SF-36 score of the sarcopenic group was significantly lower than that of the non-sarcopenic group (60.2±17.9 vs. 68.1±17.1, P=0.038) by SMI, but not by handgrip strength (62.6±16.8 vs. 67.3±17.7, P=0.260). Among 8 domains constituting SF-36 score, general health score was significantly lower in the sarcopenic group by SMI (P=0.032). Pain score and energy/fatigue scores were significantly lower in the sarcopenic group by handgrip strength (P=0.035 and P=0.020). Conclusions: Sarcopenia by SMI and handgrip strength was not associated with MHE. However, sarcopenia by SMI and handgrip strength were significantly associated with quality of life.

Rifaximin Treatment in Patients with Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis; A Multicenter, Open-Label, Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

( Do Seon Song ),( Jin Mo Yang ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( Soon Sun Kim ),( Jae Youn Cheong ),( Hae Lim Lee ),( Sung Won Lee ),( Jeong-joo Yoo ),( San 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: The short-term mortality of severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is very high, but there are no effective treatments to improve short-term mortality other than corticosteroid. This study investigated the effects of rifaximin treatment in patients with SAH. Methods: In an open-label trial, patients with SAH (Maddrey’s discriminant function≥32) were randomized to rifaximin or control group, each added to corticosteroid or pentoxifylline for 4 weeks. Randomization was stratified by SAH treatment. Liver transplantation free survival was evaluated. (NCT02485106) Results: Total 49 patients were enrolled in this study (29 in control and 20 in rifaximin group). The mean Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score were 24.4 and 27.8 in control and rifaximin group (P=0.083). Rifaximin treatment was tolerable and only 1 patients stopped due to adverse event. There were no differences in 3-month and 6-month mortality between two groups (P=0.576 and P=0.239, respectively). Corticosteroid group had higher 3-month and 6-month survival than pentoxifylline group (P=0.03 and P=0.016, respectively). When stratified by SAH treatment, there were no significant 3-month and 6-month survival between control and rifaximin treatment (P=0.516 and P=0.937 in corticosteroid group and P=0.948 and P=0.620 in pentoxifylline group, respectively). Cox Proportional hazard model showed that MELD score, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein were significant factors for 6-month survival, and MELD score was only independent factor for 6-month survival (Hazard ratio 1.188, P=0.001). Conclusions: In patients with SAH, adding rifaximin to corticosteroid or pentoxifylline was tolerable but had no survival benefit. MELD score was only significant factor for short-term mortality.

HCV : PE-099 ; Establishment of an in vivo model of hepatocellular carcinoma using SV40T antigen transgenic mice

( Do Seon Song ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Myung Jun Song ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Background: Transgenic mouse model can be helpful in predicting the clinical response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). But it has a drawback in visualizing endogenously formed tumors. The aim of this study was to establish a transgenic mouse model using SV40 large T-antigen (Tag), and to evaluate the usefulness as non-invasive tools of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for HCC. Methods: We have generated transgenic mouse containing the oncogene SV40 large T agtigen under the control of liver specific albumin promoter/α-fetoprotein enhancer. The resulting transgenic mice are predisposed to inheritable liver tumor development. When HCC was verified grossly, mice underwent T2-weighted MR imaging examination with 4.7-T(Tesla) MR scanner. After 4 weeks of epirubicin based chemotherapy, mice underwent 2nd MRI examination and those images were correlated with the pathologic examination. Results: HCCs were identified at 8 months of age in 1 mouse and 10 months of age in 3 mice, grossly. Grossly, In the T2-weighted MR imaging, tumor exhibited slightly high signal intensity (No.1: 10.2x8.2 mm, No.2: 10.3x5.7 mm, No.3 : 19.3x15.7mm, No.4: 14.2x10.1 mm and 11.5x8.6 mm). After 4 weeks of chemotherapy, complete response was observed in No.2, partial response in No.3 and No.4, and progressive disease in No.1 in T2-weighted MR images. Pathologic examination showed Edmondson-Steiner grade III HCC in No.1, focal grade II HCC in No.2, grade II in No.3 and grade II in No.4. Conclusions: We established transgenic mouse model expressing oncogen SV40 Tag, and those induced in vivo HCCs. In addition, T2-weighted MR imaging can reveal the hepatic tumors in a live murine model. Thus, SV40 Tag expressing transgenic mice could be effective in vivo model for HCC, and T2 weighted MR imaging could be helpful in detection of hepatic tumors and evaluation of response in transgenic mice model.

Noninvasive Fibrosis Markers are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcification in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

( Do Seon Song ),( U Im Chang ),( Ji Hee Kim ),( Ki Dong Yoo ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increasedrisk of coronary artery disease. In addition, the advancedfibrosis in NAFLD patients is associated with cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. Therefore, we investigated the association betweencoronary atherosclerosis and noninvasive fibrosis markers todetect the high risk population for coronary artery disease.Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2015, a total 665subjects with NAFLD were analyzed. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonographyin St. Vincent’s Hospital Heath Promotion Center.Coronary atherosclerosis, represented as coronary artery calcificationscore (CACS), was assessed by cardiac computed tomography. NAFLDfibrosis score (NFS), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, aspartate aminotransferase(AST) to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) score, and Forns index were usedas noninvasive fibrosis markers.Results: The mean age of the study population was 51.5±9.3 years,and 486 subjects (73.5%) were male. On univariate analysis, highCACS (≥ 100) was significantly associated with old age (≥ 55 years),diabetes mellitus, serum glucose (≥100mg/dL), and estimated glomerularfiltration rate (GFR) (all Ps < 0.05), and seemed to be associatedwith hypertension and body mass index (≥ 25kg/m2) (all Ps < 0.10).On multivariate analysis, old age and male gender were only significantrisk factors (P < 0.001 and P = 0.024). NFS, FIB-4 and Forns indexwere significantly associated with high CACS (all Ps < 0.001) andNFS and FIB-4 score were significantly factors even after adjustmentfor traditional risk factors (P = 0.043 and P = 0.009). AUROCs ofNFS and FIB-4 were 0.689 and 0.683 for predicting the high CACS,and the cut-off values were -1.774 and 0.85, respectively.Conclusions: Hepatic fibrosis assessed by noninvasive fibrosis markers,such as NFS and FIB-4, was independently with high CACS. Therefore,noninvasive fibrosis markers are helpful to detect the high risk populationof coronary artery disease.