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Smart Tourism Design: A Semiotic Affordances Approach
Chulmo Koo,Jaehyun Park,William C. Hunter Smart Tourism Research Center 2023 Journal of smart tourism Vol.3 No.2
This paper presents a conceptual approach to Smart Tourism Design based on semiotic affordances theory. This conceptual approach repositions smart tourism from a techno-centric perspective that frames a seamless connection between the device and its software, to a more human-centric perspective that favors the user's needs, desires as perceived through the senses. An updated Smart Tourism Design emphasizes the aesthetic dimension of smart tourism that presents the objects of the travel experience as destination specific rather than universal, through representations as digital artifacts. This theory is based on an empirical and objective understanding of representations and how they can be identified as useful in the digital augmentation of travel experiences. Using Peirce's sign systems and Gibson's theory of affordances, smart tourism can transcend a prefabricated device-oriented experience to a closer dynamic and direct interaction between the user and the travel destination. Researchers and developers can use semiotics as a structural approach to recognizing objects as sign-types, and they can use affordances to better identify the immediacy of digital artifacts and purpose-driven by users' spontaneous and immediate motives.
Examining explorative and exploitative uses of smartphones: a user competence perspective
Koo, Chulmo,Chung, Namho,Kim, Hee-Woong Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2015 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & PEOPLE Vol.28 No.1
<P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P> – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of user competence on two different usage variables related to information systems (IS) infusion: explorative use and exploitative use. </P> <P><B>Design/methodology/approach</B></P> <P> – Structural equation modeling is used to construct a predictive model of user competence toward IS infusion. Individuals’ responses to questions about attitude and intention to use smartphone were collected and analyzed. </P> <P><B>Findings</B></P> <P> – The results showed that all first-order factors of user competence were significantly linked to the second-order factor. User competence is then significantly related to IS infusion, both explorative use and exploitative use. </P> <P><B>Research limitations/implications</B></P> <P> – This study discusses individual usage behavior related to IS infusion usage. The authors conceptualized that exploitative use is different from explorative use. The findings in this study suggest that user competence must be included in IS usage models, especially IS infusion model. </P> <P><B>Practical implications</B></P> <P> – The results associated with exploitation are more certain and closer in time, while those associated with exploration are more variable. That is, users are likely to innovate through their smart devices related to IS infusion. Smartphone developers and the relevant service providers should decide which factors are more important along the stages of the information technology implementation process. As indicated in this study, knowledge-based user competence together with perceived usefulness influences the usage behavior of smartphone users. Industry players need to consider user competence when they promote their smartphone services. </P> <P><B>Originality/value</B></P> <P> – The proposed model brings together extant research on IS use and technology acceptance.</P>
Koo, Chulmo,Wati, Yulia,Park, Keeho,Lim, Min Kyung Gunther Eysenbach 2011 Journal of medical Internet research Vol.13 No.4
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>The fact that patient satisfaction with primary care clinical practices and physician-patient communications has decreased gradually has brought a new opportunity to the online channel as a supplementary service to provide additional information.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>In this study, our objectives were to examine the process of cognitive knowledge expectation-confirmation from eHealth users and to recommend the attributes of a “knowledge-intensive website.”. Knowledge expectation can be defined as users’ existing attitudes or beliefs regarding expected levels of knowledge they may gain by accessing the website. Knowledge confirmation is the extent to which user’s knowledge expectation of information systems use is realized during actual use. In our hypothesized research model, perceived information quality, presentation and attractiveness as well as knowledge expectation influence knowledge confirmation, which in turn influences perceived usefulness and end user satisfaction, which feeds back to knowledge expectation.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>An empirical study was conducted at the National Cancer Center (NCC), Republic of Korea (South Korea), by evaluating its official website. A user survey was administered containing items to measure subjectively perceived website quality and expectation-confirmation attributes. A study sample of 198 usable responses was used for further analysis. We used the structural equation model to test the proposed research model.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Knowledge expectation exhibited a positive effect on knowledge confirmation (beta = .27, P < .001). The paths from information quality, information presentation, and website attractiveness to knowledge confirmation were also positive and significant (beta = .24, P < .001; beta = .29, P < .001; beta = .18, P < .001, respectively). Moreover, the effect of knowledge confirmation on perceived usefulness was also positively significant (beta = .64, P < .001). Knowledge expectation together with knowledge confirmation and perceived usefulness also significantly affected end user satisfaction (beta = .22 P < .001; beta = .39, P < .001; beta = .25, P < .001, respectively).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Theoretically, this study has (1) identified knowledge-intensive website attributes, (2) enhanced the theoretical foundation of eHealth from the information systems (IS) perspective by adopting the expectation-confirmation theory (ECT), and (3) examined the importance of information and knowledge attributes and explained their impact on user satisfaction. Practically, our empirical results suggest that perceived website quality (ie, information quality, information presentation, and website attractiveness) is a core requirement for knowledge building. In addition, our study has also shown that knowledge confirmation has a greater effect on satisfaction than both knowledge expectation and perceived usefulness.</P>
Conceptual Foundations for Understanding Smart Tourism Destination Competitiveness
Chulmo Koo,Seunghun Shin,Namho Chung 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2015 한국호텔외식경영학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.-
Smart tourism and smart tourism competitiveness as building blocks, this paper develops a model of smart tourism competitiveness that can be able to compare with countries and between destinations. This model describes the idea of a smart tourism competitiveness. The model seeks to capture the main dimensions of smart tourism competitiveness highlighted in the tourism literature. It further draws on conceptualizations of the notion of smart tourism, smart destination, smart technologies to encompass new ways in which tourism value is created, generated, exchanged, and consumed through the smart tourism competitiveness of any given circumstances. The present study represents an innovative attempt to evaluate smart tourism competitiveness holistically, by capturing the main elements, dimensions, indicators from the perspectives of policies & management, applications, technologies, & infrastructures, and facility & service quality by integrating a new version of tourism resulting from collaboration with Information Communications Technologies. By developing the conceptual framework on measuring smart tourism competitiveness, critical issues regarding the need for regulatory intervention can further be accentuated.
A Study of Mobile and Internet Banking Service: Applying for IS Success Model
Koo, Chulmo,Wati, Yulia,Chung, Namho The Korea Society of Management Information System 2013 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.23 No.1
Understanding success factors in electronic banking is important to helping banks succeed. In this study, we extend DeLone and McLean's IS success model to the electronic banking by adding trust as a success variable. We tested the extended model by comparing internet banking and mobile banking in Indonesia. Using a structural equation modelling approach. We found that system quality had positive impacts on perceived usefulness and end-user satisfaction for both internet banking and mobile banking. The development of e-banking (internet banking and mobile banking) in Indonesia is in its initial stage. Finally, although we tested for the common method bias to relieve concern, further research may use multiple methods when collecting the data. This study investigated the role of each dimension of IS success in the electronic banking environment. While the original IS success model emphasizes individual and organizational impacts, we have argued that trust is an important indicator of IS impact on an individual socially in the banking industry. The contribution of our study is two-fold. Conceptually, the study is the first to extend the IS success model to the e-banking context. We provide an extension of the updated IS success model by adding trust as an outcome variable in the research model.