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5-〔3-(N-Substituted Piperazinyl)Propoxy〕Indan類의 合成과 中樞神經抑制效果
黃熙喆,閔庚鎭,文勝煜,李萬佶,徐丙天 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-
Five new indans, 5-[3-(N-substitued piperaziny) propxy]indans, were synthesized by condensation of 5-(3-bromopropoxy)indan, the intermediate, and N-substituted piperazines. The structure of the compunds were determined by means of IR, NMR spectoscopy along with elemental analysis. Each compound was tested for antimorphine and antiamphetamine effects as part of CNS depressant effects and for muscle relaxant action in mice. Thes compound exhibited less potent activity compared to chlordiazepoxide on CNS depressant effect. Muscle reaxant action of the compounds, the side effect of tranquilizer, however, was much weaker than that of chlordiazepoxide.
가와사끼병에서 면역글로불린 사용 후 ASO 수치의 변동에 관한 고찰
황성욱,이지웅,송민섭,김철호 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-
Objective : Since Kawasaki disease was first described in 1967, the cause and prognostic factors have not been known despite many researches and efforts. The introduction of high-dose intravenous gamma-globulin (IVGG) was an epoch and IVGG is now a standard therapy. But the mode of action of IVGG in reducing inflammatory response is not clearly understood. Understanding of the mechanism should supply the clues that indicate the cause, prognosis, the better treatment of this disease. At present, the correlation of CRP, ESR and change of leukocyte numbers to Kawasaki diseases were known, but the correlation studies of ASO titers are rare. To discover this, we evaluated the interrelationship between the ASO titer and IVGG therapy. Methods and Materials : The subjects included 35 patients with Kawasaki disease who were treated by IVGG at department of pediatrics, Inje university, Busan Paik hospital from June, 2004 to December, 2005. Before and after IVGG administration, ASO titers were evaluated. Results: In the 32 among 35 patients, ASO titers checked before IVGG administration were increased prominently after IVGG therapy. Conclusion : Remarkably increased ASO titers after IVGG administration for the treatment of Kawasaki diseases were found. And changes of ASO titers seem to be due to immunoglobulin instead of streptococcal infection. Further studies will be necessary to clarify the pathogenic mechanisms of increased ASO titers.
보건소 내소자의 보건의료서비스 이용 실태 및 만족도에 관한 연구 : 경북 일부지역을 중심으로
황관식,남철현,최상복 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 2000 保健福祉硏究 Vol.5 No.-
This study was conducted to examine aspects of health service availability and the satisfaction level of clients of public health centers. 351 clients who visited health centers located in Kyungsan, Chongdo, Youngchon, Kyungju, and Pohang were selected as subjects of this study. Data were collected from March 2, 2000 to April 15, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. 89.5% of them had experience in utilizing health services in public health centers. The rate of availing themselves of public health centers by their own decisions was highest (49.4%). 39.8% of them replied that it took below thirty minutes to visit public health centers. 42.2% of them visited public health centers to be vaccinated. 38.0% of them wanted Oriental medicine to be introduced in public health centers. 30.7% of them thought that doctors need go and see patients at their houses and 31.6% of them was satisfied with present office hours. 39.2% of them was not satisfied with the health services because public health centers were ill equipped. 65.1% of them received medical care in public health centers due to low medical charge and 91.0% of them replied that they would visit again public health centers. 35.5% of them thought that medical equipments must be increased to improve health services of public health centers. Each of the above rates were highest in each variables. 2. According to the satisfaction level with health services of public health centers, 35.2% of them was satisfied, while 9.0% of them was not satisfied. 5.7% of them was very satisfied, while 3.0% of them was not satisfied at all. 47.0% of them was satisfied only to a usual extent. 3. The variables, which significantly influenced the satisfaction level with availability of public health centers, were 'reliance on the medical staff (b=0.1749)', 'sufficiency of nurse's explanation (b=0.2093)', 'medical technician's kindness (b=0.1557)', 'simplicity of medical care procedure (b=0.2036)', 'level of medical charge (b=0.1393)', and 'satisfaction with effect of treatment (b=0.1690)'. 4. The variables, which displayed significant correlation with the satisfaction level with availability of public health centers, were 'necessity of doctor's visit to patients' houses (r=0.229)', 'reliance on the medical staff (r=0.488)', 'sufficiency of doctor's explanation (r=0.495)', 'nurse's kindness (r=0.441)', 'sufficiency of nurse's explanation (r=0.458)', 'medical technician's kindness (r=0.326)', 'the staff's kindness in civil service office (r=0.352)', 'simplicity of medical care procedure (b=0.338)', 'environment of waiting room (r=0.283)', 'convenience of availability of subsidiary facilities (r=0.275)', 'level of medical charge (r=0.335)', 'location of public health center (r=0.173)', 'medical facitities and equipment (r=0.217)', 'treatment methods (r=0.294)', and 'treatment effect (r=0.359)'. It appeared that the community residents were somewhat unsatisfied with public health centers because of problems of equipment, treatment sphere, treatment procedure, and medical personnel. Therefore. The government must focus on increase and modernization of medical equipments, the establishment of oriental medicine, and increase of medical personnel. It is important for public health centers to provide community residents with better health services in order to meet their health needs.
황규윤,남해선,,안현철,박준수 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1
This study was designed to evaluate gencral features related to allergy of allergic patients living in northern and western Chungchungnamdo, visited to an allergic unit in Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital during August 1998 to July 2000. Three hundred allergic patients were enrolled. Among them, 87.7% were outpatients and were analysed for the study. Demographic variables as well as resident living conditions and immunologic results were assessed. Overall IgE, house dust, Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) antibody were assessed using MAST-CLA in 263 outpatients. Relations between allergens and age, sex, and living conditions were evaluated by chi-square tests. Mean age was 21.0 ± 17.3 year-old and male accounted for 59.3% in total subjects. Among them, 52.0% lived in an apartment and 65.3% were from urban area near Chunan and Asan city. Admission rate of allergic patients was 12.3%. The positive rates of total IgE, house dust, Df, and Dp were in 55.1%. 19.0%, 30.0%, and 29.3% in outpatients, respectively. No significant relations between allergens and sex. living home, and region were observed (P>0.05). Adolescents showed significantly higher positive rate of total IgE (P=0.02). Our data suggested that residential environment may not be a significant factor of main causative allergens in northern and western Chungchungnamdo. However more controlled study should be required to elucidate the relations between living environments and major causative allergens in this area.
황영우,윤철현 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.2
Social Area Analysis is valuable method to understand urban land use pattern by there residents. The result of this study using factor and cluster analyses is similar to the our common understanding on Pusan situations. Puasn can be divided 9 homogeneous regions through this study. The types of Pusan land use pattern cannot be fitted to Concentric Zone Theory, Sector Theory and Multiple Nuclei Theory like western cities. But the social determinants - invasion and succession, concentration and deconcentration, centralized decentralization system- were discovered partly in Pusan. The economic and public determinants have to be considered with complexity for the much deeper understanding on Pusan land use pattern.
황철중,주용완,민경식,정경호 한국정보사회진흥원 2006 정보화정책 Vol.13 No.3
정보보호 수준을 측정하는 것은 매우 어려운 일로써 정보보호의 영역이 계속 확장됨에 따라 개념자체를 정의하기가 어렵고 아울러 다차원적인 요인을 포함하는 정보보호 지표 선정의 어려움, 시계열적인 통계 데이터 부족, 상이한 정보보호 지표를 하나의 지수로 통합하는 문제가 있기 때문이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 정보보호수준을 계량적으로 측정하기 위한 방법론으로 가장 적합한 것은 지수화하는 것이다. 이는 정책입안자나 정보보호 이해관련자들이 종합적인 측면에서 정보보호수준 목표를 결정하고 실행결과를 평가하는데 용이하기 때문이다. 본 연구의 목적은 정보보호정책 수립 및 평가의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있는 지수를 산출하기 위한 종합적인 정보보호수준 평가지수 모델을 제시하고 지수를 산출하는데 있다. 지수산출결과, 정보보호수준은 2002년부터 2005년까지를 시계열적으로 보면 매년 평균 5.8%의 증가추세를 보이고 있다. 반면 역기능수준은 2003년 1.25 인터넷 대란으로 증가한 것을 제외하고 꾸준한 감소추세를 나타내고 있다. 특히 정보보호수준과 역기능수준이 발산하고 있어 정보보호정책이 유효하게 작용하고 있다고 판단되어진다.
단일입자분석(Low-Z Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis)을 이용한 2000년, 2001년에 발생한 황사 입자의 특성분석
황회진,김혜경,노철언 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.4
A single particle analysis, called low Z electron probe X-my microanalysis was applied to characterize the atmospheric aerosols collected during Asian Dust storm events in the year of 2000 and 2001. Most frequently encountered chemical species were the soil-originated species such as aluminosilicates, silicon dioxide, md calcium carbonate. Also various species such as carbon-rich, organics, sea salts. and some reacted calcium carbonate were identified. The observation of internally mixed particles of calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate and/or calcium sulfate shows the occurrence of the heterogeneous reaction between Asian Dust panicles and NOx and/or SOx, species in the atmosphere.
PVC부분환원에 의한 Ethylene-Vinylchloride 공중합체의 합성과 열특성
황태성,맹기석,구철회 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1994 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.9 No.1
ST-DVB 공중합체에 tinhydride를 고정한 환원제로 PVC를 부분환원하여 EV copolymer를 합성하였다. 환원제와 EV copolymer의 구조를 FT-IR 분광법으로 확인하였으며, EV copolymer의 조성변화, Tg, 분자량 및 열안정성 등을 조사하였다. EV copolymer의 수율은 32%∼57%이었고, 평균분자량은 3 mole% DVB를 함유한 polymeric hydride 환원제를 사용한 반응의 경우 1.41x10⁴∼1.65x10⁴이었고, 5mole% DVB polymeric hydride 환원제 반응의 경우에는 1.61x10⁴∼1.68x10⁴이었다. 환원제량의 증가에 따라 EV copolymer내의 ethylene unit의 mole%는 증가하였으며, 최대 23.74 mole%이었고 3 mole% DVB를 함유한 polymeric hydride 환원제가 환원력이 더 우수하였다. DSC 분석결과 EV 공중합체의 Tg는 ethylene unit의 조성에 따라 2∼3개로 나타났으며, 높은 쪽의 Tg는 PVC의 Tg와 비슷하게 나타나는 것으로 보아 공중합체 내에 상당 부분의 PVC가 존재하고, 구조가 불균일함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 공중합체내의 ethylene unit mole%가 19.8 mole% 이상에서는 3개의 Tg가 나타났으며 이런 결과로부터 공중합체는 block 형태임을 확인할 수 있었다. 초기 열분해 온도는 240∼248℃로 PVC보다 모두 높았고, ethylene unit의 조성이 증가할수록 증가하는 것으로 보아 새로운 polymeric hydride에 의해 합성한 EV copolymer의 열안정성은 PVC의 부분 환원제로 적합함을 알 수 있었다. The ethylene-vinylchoride copolymers(EV copolymer) were synthesized by partial reduction of PVC using the ST-DVB copolymer supported organotin hydride as a reduction agent. The basic structures of EV copolymer and reduction agents were studied by FT-IR spectroscopy, and the mole ratio, the glass transition temperature(Tg), the molecular weight, and the thermal stability of copolymer were investigated. The yield of EV copolymer reached about 32-57 percent. Weight average of molecular weight(Mw) of EV copolymer ranged from 1.41∼1.65x10⁴to 1.61∼1.68x10⁴, measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC) when 3 mole% and 5 mole% of divinylbenzene(DVB) were involved in reduction agent. Ethylene unit of EV copolymer was increased with increasing in the amount of reduction agent used in the partial reduction of PVC, and their molar content reached a maximum of 23.74 mole% when 3 mole% DVB involved reduction agent was used. Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) experiments were performed on a series of EV copolymer for the purpose of studying the dependence of their thermal transition temperature upon their values were lower than that of homo PVC. On the other hand, it was found that there were three Tg when the ethylene unit in EV copolymer is above 19.84 mole%. This may indicate that EV copolymer has a structure of block copolymer. Initial thermal degradation temperature of EV copolymer was higher than by thermal gravimetry(TGA). From this result, it was found that thermal stability of EV copolymer by partial reduction of PVC using 3 mole%, 5 mole% reduction agents were increased with increasing in the amount of ethylene unit content in the copolymer.
황철문,김성미 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1995 교사교육연구 Vol.31 No.-
An Art creates the aesthetic effect through the beauty of form rather than its contents. It is important to perceive how the art exists and functions in the society. The aim of art is to create a true outer form by taking a rational thing out from the inside through the medium of the spiritual activity. Craft concept of the transience of the physical world has very different consequences. The word 'Art' is to be used when it becomes meaningful in the process of an individual transfusing his thought into the senses of others. Aesthetic of art by the style of Modern have generally favoured what has been called the theory of functionally Art. The matter of description of beauty and the interpretation of beauty qualities is based for instance on this double standard. Thus, the aesthetic of Art and functionally art tell us quite a lot of what's going on in our century.
황영우,윤철현 東亞大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 硏究論文集 Vol.22 No.2
This study tries to analyze land use pattern by zoning through urban spatial structure. Land uses in Pusan are mixed using in spite of zoning operation. New residential area is made like a frog leaping to the outer of the City. The efficiency of existing residential area is very low to compare with newly developed area cause of delayed regeneration. Especially the existing built-up area of Pusan in insufficient in adaptability and preparation going with the change of urban spatial structure, particularly with the zoning system. Therefore, detailed and scientific feasible plan should be established to have reasonable residential environment.