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Adenosine Receptor Agonists Modulate Visceral Hyperalgesia in the Rat
( Chong Il Sohn ),( Hyo Jin Park ),( G. F. Gebhart ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2008 Gut and Liver Vol.2 No.1
Background/Aims: Adenosine is an endogenous modulator of nociception. Its role in visceral nociception, particularly in visceral hyperalgesia, has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of adenosine receptor agonists in a model of visceral hyperalgesia. Methods: The visceromotor response (VMR) in rats to colorectal distension (CRD; 80 mmHg, 20 seconds) was quantified by electromyographic recordings from the abdominal musculature. Three hours after the intracolonic administration of zymosan (25 mg/mL, 1 mL), VMRs to CRD were measured before and after either subcutaneous or intrathecal administration of an adenosine receptor agonist. Results: Subcutaneous injection of 5`-N-ethylcarboxyamidoadenosine (NECA; an A1 and A2 receptor agonist), R(-)-N6-(2-phenylisopropyl)-adenosine (R-PIA; a selective A1 receptor agonist), or CGS-21680 hydrochloride (a selective A2a receptor agonist) dose-dependently (10-100 mg/kg) attenuated the VMR to CRD, although hindlimb weakness occurred at the higher doses tested. Intrathecal administration of NECA or R-PIA dose-dependently (0.1-1.0μg/kg) decreased the VMR, whereas CGS-21680 hydrochloride was ineffective over the same concentration range. Higher intrathecal doses of the A1/A2 receptor agonist NECA produced motor weakness. Conclusions: Adenosine receptor agonists are antihyperalgesic, but also produce motor weakness at high doses. However, activation of the spinal A1 receptor significantly attenuates the VMR to CRD without producing motor weakness. (Gut and Liver 2008;2:39-46)
( Hyun Il Seo ),( Dae Sung Lee ),( Eun Mi Yoon ),( Min Jung Kwon ),( Hyosoon Park ),( Yoon Suk Jung ),( Jung Ho Park ),( Chong Il Sohn ),( Dong Il Park ) 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.2
Background/Aims: To prevent the transmission of pathogens by endoscopes, following established reprocessing guidelines is critical. An ideal reprocessing step is simple, fast, and inexpensive. Here, we evaluated and compared the efficacy and safety of two disinfectants, a tertiary amine compound (TAC) and ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA). Methods: A total of 100 colonoscopes were randomly reprocessed using two same automated endoscope reprocessors, according to disinfectant. The exposure time was 10 minutes for 0.55% OPA (Cidex® OPA, Johnson & Johnson) and 5 minutes for 4% TAC (Sencron2®, Bab Gencel Pharma & Chemical Ind. Co.). Three culture samples were obtained from each colonoscope after reprocessing. Results: A total of nine samples were positive among the 300 culture samples. The positive culture rate was not statistically different between the two groups (4% for OPA and 2% for TAC, P =0.501). There were no incidents related to safety during the study period. Conclusions: TAC was non-inferior in terms of reprocessing efficacy to OPA and was safe to use. Therefore, TAC seems to be a good alternative disinfectant with a relatively short exposure time and is also less expensive than OPA. (Intest Res 2016;14:178-182)
만성 혈액투석 환자에서의 대사성 산혈증과 음이온차의 양상
손정일(Chong Il Sohn),김병훈(Byoung Hun Kim),신진호(Jin Ho Shin),양석철(Suck Chul Yang),박용수(Yong Soo Park),한동수(Dong Soo Han),안명주(Myung Ju Ahn),손주현(Ju Hyun Sohn),이인홍(In Hong Lee),김순길(Soon Kil Kim),이정희(Jung Hee Lee 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.51 No.2
N/A Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prevalence of the various patterns of metabolic acidosis and anion gap among chronic hemodyalysis patients. Methods: Analysis of predialysis arterial blood gases and anion gap patterns was performed in 67 stable chronic outpatient hemodialysis patients(>1 year) with acetate buffer. Blood samples were drawn from the arterial line of the atreriovenous fistula for determination of blood electrolytes, chemistries, and analysis of blood gases at the beginning of hemodyalysis. Results: The degree of metabolic acidosis was mild to moderate with mean pH 7.33±0.039. 82% of a total 67 patients had pH between 7.30 and 7.39 with 18% of them between 7.20 and 7.29. Simple as mixed metabolic acidosis was shown in 49 of 67 patients(73%) and 18 of 67 patients(27%), respectively. In comparison of both groups, the group with mixed metabolic acidosis had significantly lower pH(7.29±0.04 vs 7.34±0.03, p<0.001) with higher pCO₂(38.5±3.4, p<0.005) and anion gap(19.6±4.1 vs 17.6±2.9, p<0.05). The classical high anion gap of end stage renal disease (range, 16 to 29 mEq/L) was also noted in 20 of 67 patients(30%). The linear regression analysis between anion gaps and total serum carbon dioxide contents (TCO₂) didn't show any significant correlation in all patients as well as the two subdivided groups with high and normal anion gap. Furthermore, only 13 of 67 patients(20%) were included between 80 and 120% in the ratio of delta anion gap(ΔAG) over delta TCO₂(dTCO₂). Therefore, the majority of hemodialysis patients (80%) showed the discrepancy between the degrees of d AG and ΔTCO₂. The analysis of unmeasured cations(K, Ca) and anions(albumin, phosphate) in the calculation of anion gap(Na ?Cl ?HCO₃) between two groups of high and normal anion gap of all patients as well as 49 patients of simple metabolic acidosis didn't reveal any discernible contributions to the changes of anion gap. Conclusion- This study therefore showed that the mixed acid-base balance and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis is not an exception in chronic stable hemodialysis patients. Also, the impact of hemodialysis in end stage renal disease patients seemed to lead the changes in values of unidentified anions besides fixed mineral acids and/or in those of unrecognized ionic equivalents of plasma constituents.
내장 동통 연구에 있어서 대장 팽창을 이용한 실험 동물모델
손정일(Chong Il Sohn) 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.2
Functional gastrointestinal disorders are characterized by chronic or recurrent symptoms, which are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. These disorders seem to relate with abnormalities in motility and/or afferent sensitivity modulated by the central nervous system. There has been an improvement in the study of mechanisms of visceral pain, due to the development of animal models that reasonably mimicis human visceral pain. Recently, it appeared that visceral hypersensitivity or visceral hyperalgesia is related with the main pathogenetic mechanism of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Experimental balloon distention of the gastrointestinal tract in animal models has been established to reproduce pathologically-experienced pain in terms of intensity, quality and area of the sensation. Colorectal balloon distention in rat model with irritable bowel syndrome, is most widely used as an experimental stimulus to induce the visceral pain. Gastric distention in rat model is also used for the study of functional dyspepsia. Various routes of drug administration including intrathecal and intrarostroventral medullary injection have been developed for evaluation of visceral pain mechanism. Mouse model for colorectal balloon distention is now developing. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;38:77-82)
간동맥 화학색전술 치료를 받은 간세포암 환자의 예후와 혈청 α1 - Antitrypsin 과의 관계
손정일(Chong Il Sohn),황선호(Seon Ho Hwang),박문승(Mun Seung Park),이오영(O . Young Lee),윤병철(Byoeng Chul Yoon),함준수(Joon Soo Hahm),이민호(Min Ho Lee),기춘석(Choon Suhk Kee),박경남(Kyung Nam Park),서흥석(Heung Suk Suh) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.3
N/A Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) has a poor prognosis, and only by early detection, cure can be expected by surgery. With development of chemoembolization therapy, we may expect better survival even in the advanced HCC, There many reports about prognostic factors for HCC treated with TAE. We examined relationship between survivals and prognostic factors especially serum a 1-antitrypsin levels in patients with HCC treated with TAE. Methods: 42 patients who had been diagnosed as HCC by ultrasonography and hepatic angiography from 1987 to 1994 were examined for prognostic factors and their survival. Results: Patient's survival who had a single mass was longer (average 21 months) than that of patients who had diffuse tumor(average 4 months, p=0.005). Patient's survival without portal vein thrombosis was longer (average 16 months) than that of patients with portal vein thrombosis (average 4 months, p<0.001). Serologically, patients with low α-fetoprotein level(AFP<40ng/ml) survived longer (average 14 months) than patients with high AFP level(AFP>400ng/ml, average 4 months, p<0.001). Patients with low αl-antitrypsin level (AAT<300 mg/dl) survived longer (average 14 months) than patients with high AAT level (AAT>300mg/dl, average 4 months, p<0.001). Especially, in HCC with low AFP level (AFP<400ng/ml), patients with low AAT level (AAT<300mg/dl) survived longer(average 21 months) than patients with high AAT level (AAT>300mg/dl, average 14 months, p=0.001). Patients with Child's classification A and B showed no signigicant differences in their survival. Conclusion: Serum AAT level may be an important prognostic index in patients with HCC and especially it may be more valuable in patients who had low serum AFP level.
손정일 ( Chong Il Sohn ),김명곤 ( Myeong Kon Kim ),이기창 ( Kee Chang Lee ),정성수 ( Sung Soo Jung ),이인홍 ( In Hong Lee ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),김성윤 ( Seong Yoon Kim ),정화순 ( Wha Soon Chung ) 대한류마티스학회 1994 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.1 No.1
호산구 증가증의 원인은 기생충 감염, 알레르기, 약제, 교원성 질환, idiopatic hypereosinophilic syndrme 등에서 나타나며 류마티스 관절염에서는 약 10%의 환자에서 호산구 증가증을 보인다고 한다. 류마티스 질환에서 호산구 증가증은 류마티스 관절염, 다발성 동맥염 및 혈관염, 유육종증 둥과 연관되고 idiopathic hypereosinophilc syndrme이나 골수 증식성 질환, 호산구성 백혈병 등과 감별을 요하며 집중적으로 추적 관찰해야 한다. 저자들은 53세 여자 환자에서 지속적이고, 심한 호산구 증가증이 동반된 류마티스 관절염 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Eosinophilia is usually accompanied by parasite infestation, allergic condition, drug, collagen disease, and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. In about 10 to 40% of rheumatoid arthritis patients, peripheral blood reveals eosinophilia. Of the rheumatic disease, eosinophilia may occur in rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, polyarteritis nodosa and other vascultis. Patient with eosinophilia must be carefully followed up due to possibility of progression to eosinophilic leukemia or myeloproliferative disease. We experienced a case of rheumatoid arthritis with severe eosinophilia for a period of more than one year in a 53 year-old female patient, eosinophil more than 85% in the peripheral blood, but in spite of careful laboratory study, there was no evidence of parasite infestation, allergic disease and malignant condition that may cause eosinophilia. Therefore we concluded that her severe eosinophilia was associated with rheumatoid arthritis itself, and now she is intensively followed up at the outpatient department. We have to look for any malignant transformation during her clinical course. Marked eosinophilia associated with rheumatoid arthritis is very rare, so we report this case with a review of literatures.