Correlation between skeletal and dental changes after mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment

Chang-Hoon Rhee,Youn-Kyung Choi,Yong-Il Kim,Seong-Sik Kim,Soo-Byung Park,Woo-Sung Son 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Objective: To investigate skeletal and dental changes after application of a mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment approach in cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: A retrospective study of 34 patients (23 men, 11 women; mean age, 26.2 ± 6.6 years) with skeletal Class III deformities, who underwent surgery-first orthodontic treatment, was conducted. Skeletal landmarks in the maxilla and mandible at three time points, pre-treatment (T0), immediate-postoperative (T1), and post-treatment (T2), were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated half-cephalograms. Results: The significant T0 to T1 mandibular changes occurred ?9.24 ± 3.97 mm horizontally. From T1 to T2, the mandible tended to move forward 1.22 ± 2.02 mm, while the condylar position (Cd to Po-perpendicular plane) shifted backward, and the coronoid process (Cp to FH plane) moved vertically. Between T1 and T2, the vertical dimension changed significantly (p < 0.05). Changes in the vertical dimension were significantly correlated to T1 to T2 changes in the Cd to Po-perpendicular plane (r = ?0.671, p = 0.034), and in the Cp to FH plane (r = 0.733, p = 0.016), as well as to T0 to T1 changes in the Cp to Poperpendicular plane (r = 0.758, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Greater alterations in the vertical dimension caused larger post-treatment (T2) stage skeletal changes. Studying the mandibular position in relation to the post-surgical vertical dimension emphasized the integral importance of vertical dimension control and proximal segment management to the success of surgery-first orthodontic treatment.

Changes in Spatiotemporal Parameters and Lower Limb Coordination During Prosthetic Gait Training in Unilateral Transfemoral Amputees

Yunhee Chang,Chang-Yong Ko,Bo Ra Jeong,Jung Sun Kang,Hyuk-Jae Choi,Gyoosuk Kim,Hyunjun Shin,Sehoon Park 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.3

When applying prosthetic gait training to patients with lower limb amputation, monitoring the gait change process is crucial for establishing and modifying rehabilitation training plans. In addition, since human gait involves complex movement of several joints, it is necessary to analyze the organic movement of adjacent joints rather than a single joint in the lower extremities for understanding the process of gait change. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze changes in spatiotemporal parameters and lower limb coordination during prosthetic gait training in unilateral transfemoral amputees (TFAs). This retrospective case–control study included 10 unilateral TFAs and 10 healthy individuals as controls. TFAs received prosthetic gait training for 12 weeks and gait changes were analyzed every 2 weeks using a 3D motion analysis system. The measured variables were spatiotemporal parameters and the continuous relative phase between hip and knee joints. The highest improvement in walking speed was seen at week 4 of training, and the continuous relative phase was most symmetric at week 8. The lower limb coordination pattern was more in-phase in the TFAs than in the controls, and the coordination variability was also lower for the TFAs than for the controls. In addition, the rate of change in lower limb coordination of TFAs was lower than that of spatiotemporal parameters and was significantly different from that of the controls even after training. Considering that the decrease in lower limb coordination is related to gait efficiency, balance, and risk of fall, there is a need to develop therapeutic strategies that can further improve the coordination of TFAs.

사이클링 선수의 슬관절각에 따른 하지동작의 운동학적 분석

류창엽,최성진,박종진,강순용 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3

This study set out to evaluate the appropriateness of the height of a cycle saddle which was usually set based on a cyclist's experience and simple judgment. For this purpose, there was aroused a need to study what a cyclist's leg movements were according to the knee joint angle, that is, to study how a cyclist's leg joint angles and angular velocity would change at each pedaling. Seven male college cyclists were selected, and their pedaling movements were divided into four phases. The images were taped at 60fields/sec, using two video cameras. The KWON 3D 2.1 program was adopted to calculate and synchronize the 3D coordinates values which were calculated with DLT(Direct Liner Transformation), in order to analyze kinematical factors. The results were as follows: 1) There was found no difference between foot joint angles according to changes of knee joint angles in each phase. But it became clear that Phase 1 and 2 where the foot angle got bigger were the area where the foot joint was expanded and that Phase 3 and 4 where the foot angle got smaller were the area where the foot joint was bent. Accordingly, the area which gives a great indirect impact to the changes of foot joint angles is considered to be the first part of Phase 3 at which point the cycle of pedaling starts. 2) In terms of the difference of foot joint angular velocity according to knee joint angles, there was found a relatively stable deceleration in the decelerating area(Phase 3 and 4) while you could detect faster changes in the acceleration area(Phase 1 and 2) than in the decelerating area. 3) The changes in the angle difference of knee joints according to each knee joint angle showed almost similar patterns for every knee joint. But the patterns had the graph model of the opposite shape to that of the angle difference of foot joints. 4) The research went on to see what kind of difference the knee joint angle made as knee joint angular velocity changed. The changes were unlike the foot joint angular velocity and thus showed relatively slow deceleration and acceleration. And the higher the saddle was set, the bigger the difference of the angular velocity was. 5) The difference of hip joint angles according to knee joint angles made a graph pattern which showed no big correlation with the height of a saddle. 6) In considering how hip joint angular velocity would change according to knee joint angles, the higher a saddle was set, the bigger angular velocity was found in Phase 1 and 2, the area of joint expansion and the smaller angular velocity in Phase 3 and 4, the area of joint bending. Comparisons and analysis were made based on the results above mentioned. The conclusion was that the lower a saddle which was one of the three experiment conditions was set, the smoother the pedaling turned and the bigger the angular velocity was resulted. In other words, when you take a long road cycling with your saddle fixed at a little lower height than the average one, you will consume less physical strength and expect better performance.

개에서 동소성 간이식술시의 대사 및 혈역학적 변화

이창준,홍순용,신근만,최영룡,이영주,문종선 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.3

Skilled and experienced anestheia is of great importance for patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation, because of multiple preexisting medical problems in such patients as well as the intraoperative problems of rapid hemodynamic, metabolic, and coagulation changes. In this study, the intraoperative hemodynamic and laboratory data were analyzed in ten dogs that underwent an orthotopic liver transplantation procedure by veno-venous bypass using Biopump. Liver transplantation can be divided into three distinct periods: stage I, or preanhepatic stage, which begins with the induction of anesthesia and continues until cross clamping of portal vein and IVC; stage II, or anhepatic stage, which begins at the anhepatic time and continues until the donor liver is reperfused by the recipients circulating blood; and stage III, or postanhepatic stage, which begins at the time of reperfusion and continues until the end of surgical procedure. The hemodynamic changes at the time of IVC and portal vein cross clamping were decreases in CVP, PCWP, and pulmonary artery pressure in spite of using Biopump. The significant metabolic alternations during anhepatic stage were decrease in blood glucose levels and increase in blood lactate levels. The more significant hemodynamic changes occurred at the time of reperfusion. Systolic pressure decreased suddenly to 58±6 mmHg and cardiac output decreased to 1.08±0.1l L/min. However heart rate, pulmonary artery pressure, CVP, and PCWP did not change significantly. During stage III, hyperglycemia occurred quite frequently. Significant abnormal coagulation chages could not be found, probably because the dogs were healthy. In conclusion, during anhepatic stage, we have to compensate for alternations of fluid balance. At the time of reperfusion, we should prevent severe hemodynamic changes and treat them immediately if they occur. However, it seems that glucose administration is not necessary to the liver recipient during stage II because there is no significant hemodynamic depression e to hypoglycemia at this time and hyperglycemia occurs later

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Sphingosine 1-Phosphate and Sphingosine Kinase Activity during Chicken Embryonic Development

Choi, Chang-Hwan,Jeong, Ji-Seon,Yoo, Bo-Im,Jin, You-Xun,Moon, Dong-Cheul,Yoo, Hwan-Soo,Oh, Seik-Wan,Hong, Seon-Pyo,Lee, Yong-Moon 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.4

The chicken embryo has been weil used in studies of the developmental process, and during development sphingosine and sphingosine 1-phosphate (So1P) are considered critical mediators of cell death and survival. In this study, we compared the sphingolipid contents of chicken embryos during the early embryonic development period from day 3 to day 6. HPLC analyses of sphingosine and So1P in chicken embryos revealed that sphingosine levels were greatly reduced on day 4 whereas So1P levels were not significantly changed. Sphingosine kinase(Sphk) activities, which require sphingosine as substrate to produce So1P, were also greatly reduced on day 4. Collectively, we found sphingosine levels and Sphk activities, but not So1P levels are changed in early stage of chicken embryos development.

오존을 이용한 하수2차 처리수의 처리 및 슬러지 감량화에 관한 연구

강용태,조용현,장성부,최선영 東亞大學校建設技術硏究所 2004 硏究論文集 Vol.28 No.1

Nowadays, most of water source is deteriorating due to depending on surface water more than 90%. New disinfection facilities are urgent because a provision of total coliforms was made newly and have gone into effect since in January 2003 for securing of water source. And waste sludge treatments is an outstanding environment question because of several reasons such as increases of waste sludge, high cost of waste sludge treatment and prohibition of sludge treatment method having been utilized. In this study, specific characteristics of ozone treatment for wastewater effluent and volume reduction of waste sludge were studied with pilot-plant. The results of the study are followed: A removal efficiencies of total-coliforms with ozone dose change of 1.6, 2.6, 3.5, 4.5gO3/m3Water were 73.7, 88.1, 95.6, 97.2% .respectively. And MLSS reduction rate of waste sludge with ozone dose change of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8gO3/gSS were 38.0, 50.0, 57.9, 62.0%.respectively. CODMn removal efficiency of that was 50.5, 65.0, 76.6, 82.1% respectively and SV30 reduced 92.6% even if ozone dose was 0.2gO3/gSS. Therefore, it is found that ozone treatment is very effective for sludge volume reduction and solidㆍliquid separation.

DNA Barcoding of the Marine Protected Species Chasmagnathus convexus (Decapoda: Varunidae: Chasmagnathus) in Korea

Woo Yong Choi,Chang Ho Yi,Ji Min Kim,So Yeon Kim,Hyoung Seop Kim,Min-Seop Kim 한국동물분류학회 2021 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.37 No.2

Chasmagnathus convexus (De Haan, 1835) is a monotypic species belonging to the family Varunidae. Chasmagnathus convexus has been designated as a marine protected species and endangered species by the Wildlife Protection and Management Act (2005) of Korea due to its declining population in the wild. This declining population is a result of habitat loss and environmental change. This study is the first to research the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) in Korean C. convexus. The maximum intra-specific genetic variation among all C. convexus individuals was 1.8%, while the inter-genetic variation among the five varunid species was in the range of 16.0-23.7%. The COI barcodes will be used as a reference for restoration and conservation studies of Korean C. convexus.

방사선조사가 Porphyromonas gingivalis에 미치는 영향

이창환,김규태,최용석,황의환 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2008 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.38 No.1

Purpose : The aim of this study was to observe a direct effect of irradiation on the periodontopathic Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Materials and Methods : P. gingivalis 2561 was exposed to irradiation with a single absorbed dose of 10, 20, 30, and 40 Gy. Changes in viability and antibiotic sensitivity, morphology, transcription, and protein profile of the bacterium after irradiation were examined by pour plating method, disc diffusion method, transmission electron microscopy, RT-PCR, and immunoblot, respectively. Results : Viability of irradiated P. gingivalis drastically reduced as irradiation dose was increased. Irradiated P. gingivalis was found to have become more sensitive to antibiotics as radiation dose was increased. With observation under the transmission electron microscope, the number of morphologically abnormal cells was increased with increasing of irradiation dose. In RT-PCR, decrease in the expression of fimA and sod was observed in irradiated P. gingivalis. In immunoblot, change of profile in irradiated P. gingivalis was found in a number of proteins including 43-kDa fimbrillin. Conclusion : These results suggest that irradiation may affect the cell integrity of P. gingivalis, which is manifested by the change in cell morphology and antibiotic sensitivity, affecting viability of the bacterium.

Impact of urban warming on earlier spring flowering in Korea

Jeong, Jee‐,Hoon,Ho, Chang‐,Hoi,Linderholm, Hans W.,Jeong, Su‐,Jong,Chen, Deliang,Choi, Yong‐,Sang John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2011 International journal of climatology Vol.31 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Using long‐term (1954–2004) observations of four selected species in South Korea: goldenbell (<I>Forsythia koreana</I>), azalea (<I>Rhododendron mucronulatum</I>), cherry (<I>Prunus yedoensis</I>), and peach (<I>Prunus persica</I>), the impact of urban warming on spring flowering was investigated. Trends of early spring temperatures and first‐flowering dates (FFDs) of the four plants were cross‐compared among nine differently urbanized cities. It was clearly observed that urban warming has led to an advance in the timing of first‐flowering of several days to weeks during recent decades, while the intrinsic physiology of plants to sense thermal energy has not been changed. The degree of advancement of the FFD was observed to be roughly proportional to degree of urbanization. Moreover, the sensitivity of the FFD to urban warming was estimated to be higher for the shrub species (−9.07 and −6.64 days °C<SUP>−1</SUP> for goldenbell and azalea, respectively) than the tree species (−2.46 and −2.90 days °C<SUP>−1</SUP> for peach and cherry, respectively). Our results suggest that the impact of urban warming should be considered as an influential factor which drives changes in the regional natural environment, especially in regions of rapid urbanization. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society</P>