성인원외폐렴의 원인미생물에대한 전향적 다기관 연구 : 성인원외폐렴의 원인으로 세균의 역할을 중심으로

우준희,강재명,김양수,신완식,류진홍,최정현,김양리,정희진,어수택,박춘식,정문현,정기석,이찬주,류지소 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.1

Background : Communite-acquired peumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Despite progress in diagnostic techniques and treatments, management of pneumonia remains challenging, because the precise etiology remains uncertain in as many as 49% of cases. The limitaions of identifying etiologic agents make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric antibiotic regimen. For the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, we should know the frequency of etiologic agents and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community. Methods : A prospective multicenter study of community-acquired pneumonia in Korea was carried out between May 1997 and April 2000. The microbiologic diagnosis was based on the results of sputum culture, blood culture and pleural culture. Results : Five hundred eighty eight cases of community-acquired peumonia in 562 patients admitted to the hospitals. The mean age was 59.9 with male predominance (58.3%), and 370 (63%) had underlyin gillness. The etiologic agents were identified in 38.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was Streprococcus pneumoniae (21.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.5%), viridans group streptococci (5.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (4.2%), Hemophillus Influenza (3.8%), The rates of admission to the intensive care unit was 10.4%. The motality was 7.1%. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Forty percents of S. aureus were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. K. penumoniae were susceptible to cephalosporin and quinolone. Conclusion : In Korea, S.pneumoniae is the most important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 36.6% and showed multidrug resistant. Gram negative bacteria such as K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa showed high incidence when compared with that of other countries. Most of them had underlying diseases including bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:1∼7, 2001)

HY-SPLIT 모형을 이용한 오염물질의 장거리 이동 추적

전의찬,우정헌 東新大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Due to the rapid economic development for the last 20 years, Asian countries' fuel consumption has doubled twice every twelve years. Also, serious environmental problems, especially air pollution, have followed rapid urbanization and development in Northeast Asia, where Korea is located. The pattern of long range transport of air pollutants was investigated in the Northeast Asia region. The focus of this study was the impact of air pollutants from China on the air quality of Korea. From the meteorological data from the 1st to the 5th of January 1995, the backward and forward trajectories were calculated using the Hybrid model 'HY-SPLIT', and the contributions of air pollutants from cities of China to the air quality in Korea were analyzed. It was concluded that the air pollutants from China could have a great influence on the air quality in Korea. The trajectories showed that the air pollutants from Beijing and Jinan, Shandong Province, the most heavily industrialized areas in China, could be influenced strongly to the air quality in Korea.

실리카흄을 흔입한 고강도 콘크리트 개발

홍창우,김태경,김경진,김성환,김남윤,심도식,이정호,윤청호,백민경,원치문,박제선,이주형,정경일 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

콘크리트 구조물이 대형화됨에 따라 설계단면이 증대되어 상대적으로 많은 경제적 손실을 부담하게 된다. 따라서 단면을 감소시키면서도 소요의 하중에 안전한 구조물을 건설하기 위해서는 우선적으로 구조물 건설에 기초가 되는 고품질, 고내구성의 고강도 콘크리트 개발이 절실히 요구된다 본 연구에서는 일정 시멘트비 및 혼화재 비율하에서 소요의 워커빌리티가 확보되는 고강도 콘크리트를 시간과 온도의 변화에 따라 증기 양생하여, 압축, 인장, 휨강도 뿐만 아니라 파괴특성을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 시료 제작시 시멘트 입자 사이의 공극 및 불연속 영역을 충전하여 고밀도화하기 위한 콘크리트용 혼화재로 시멘트 비표면적이 상당히 작은 초미립 분말인 실리카흄을 이용하였다. 또한 AE감수제 및 고성능 유동화제를 사용하여 혼화재의 첨가에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 워커빌리티의 감소를 방지하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 일정 양생 지속 시간하에서 온도의 증가에 따라 콘크리트의 압축, 인장 및 휨강도가 전반적으로 증가하였다. 동일하게 일정 온도하에서 양생 지속시간이 커짐에 따라 강도들이 증가됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 상대적으로 높은 온도와 긴 지속 양생 조건하에서 파괴에 대한 저항력이 크게 나타났다. The compressible, tensible, and flexibleresistance of the high strength concrete is analyzed by the experimentation in the present study. For the test, we cure several samples with the silica fume as a mixture being become dense the spaces between the particle of cement under the variation of both the temperature and the curing-interval. Then, the superplasticizer and the ezcon are also used to satisfy the required workability for construction. The compressible, tensible, and flexible resistances to a stress are increased as increasing the temperature and the time interval for the curing. Therefore it is concluded that the overal fractural and mechanical properties is improved by mixing the silica fume into the cement.

UASB에 의한 染料化學工場 廢水處理

김성우,임찬섭,박정호,성낙창,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.1

This study has been carried out to measuring the biodegradability and toxicity of dyes chemnical factory wastwwater for anaerobic treatment. The experiment consisted of batch test pilot plant test. The results are as follows 1. Biodegradability assays were conducted at two assay concentration for 2gCOD and 5gCOD tat BMP are respectively 0.23㎥CH₄/ ㎏.COD, 0.16㎥CH₄/㎏.COD respresents the noninhibited bioconversion efficency also MRR were 1.080 and 0.959 represented. 2. In pilot plant experiment, COD removal efficency are up 65% represented according to changing COD loading rate from 0.15㎏COD/㎥.d to 2.6㎏COD/㎥.d 3. Alkalinity and Volatile, VA/Alkalinity as chemical factor of anaerobic was 1070∼1700㎎/ℓ, 30∼150g/ℓ and 0.02∼0.09 respectively. 4. According to changing COD loading rate from 0.15㎏COD/㎥.d to 2.6㎏/COD/㎥.d the methane gas production was 0.20~0.23]㎥ CH₄/㎏.COD_(rem)

ISO 9000의 추진동기 및 품질요건 이행이 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 국내 전기ㆍ전자 제조업을 중심으로 In Electronic and Electric Manufacturing Industry

이병찬,김승호,김정우 한국의사결정학회 1998 경영과학연구 Vol.7 No.-

The objective of this study is to examine the influence factors for successive performance of ISO 9000. Especially we focus to propelling motives and quality requirements in certifying ISO 9000. The data for empirical test was gathered from the obtaining firms of ISO 9000 quality certification among electronic and electric manufacturing industry. The results of empirical study suggested that there is significant positive impact competitive advantage motive to quality requirement enforcement. And we found that quality management system establishment, employee's perception and behavior change about quality were impacted very strong to competitive advantage motive and quality improvement requirement enforcement. But competition improvement was impacted to customer claim motive very strong. Also we investigated the problems in certification obtaining progress, post-operational management, and the ISO regulation & system. The result appeared very important factors to overloading of worker in certification obtaining progress, less participation of company-wide employee in post-operational management, and much maintaining cost in the ISO regulation & system.

파일럿 플랜트에 의한 음식물 찌꺼기 처리

최성우,류정숙,박정호,임찬섭,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.1

In this study, using the extinctive composting apparatus, it took a day for the degradation of waste food with high temperature and aerobic condition. It was confirmed by the change of organic ratio, condensed water, and weight. Final production included rare organic ratio so that it was easy to degrade microorganism but it was not enough pH and salt for using compost. During reaction, condensed water was produced about 20 ℓ/day, the eighty percent of waste food was degraded by compositing reaction on the basis of weight, therefore, this means that it is go effective on the volume reduction.

Silicone Elastomer에 의한 육아종성 조직의 미세구조적 연구

윤정길,최찬,정상우 全南大醫大 1985 전남의대학술지 Vol.22 No.3

自動車保險서비스 滿足의 要因에 관한 硏究

閔晶湜,禹勝瓚 東新大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Among the marketing strategies of the Korean insurances this study will be based on customer satisfaction at the non-life insurance. For the hypotheses of automobile insurance service 1) H_l : The dimension of additive service is positive factor of the customer satisfaction. The result of the test that H_l is rejected at α=0.05. 2) H_2 : The dimension of salesman(life-planner & agent) service is positive factor of the customer satisfaction. The result of the test that H_2 is accepted at α=0.05. 3) H_3 : The dimension of insurance product service is positive factor of the customer satisfaction. The result of the test that H_3 is accepted at α=0.05.

항공기 날개 스파의 단면적과 위치를 설계변수로 하는 중량 최적화 연구

朴燦宇,盧政武 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In this paper, the optimization is performed to find a more efficient aircraft wing box structure. A less weight aircraft wing box while satisfying required constraints is found by adjusting the wing spar cross-section area and location. Every optimization problem is constituted by an object function, design variables and constraints. In this thesis, stress conditions at each spar are used as constraints. In the case of the spar cross-section area optimization, two cases are handled. First, the spar cross-section area is assumed same at all span and there is one design variable for a spar. Secondly, the spar cross-section area is different by span direction and there are several design variables for a spar. In the case of spar location optimization, end positions of the each spar are selected as design variables. The reasonableness and accuracy of the optimization result is verified by comparing stress distributions and deformations before and after optimization. MSC/NASTRAN is used for the finite element analysis and the optimization.

폐결핵 환자 혈청에서 수용성 Interleukin 2 수용체 및 Adenosine Deaminase 활성도에 관한 연구

고정희,박성규,백상현,박찬권,박병수,안진영,최우석,박정규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces T cell proliferation in an autocrine manner and provides a means by which antigen triggered T cells can be clonally expanded in vitro. During the following activation, the activity of IL-2 is mediated by specific high affinity IL-2 binding membrane receptors which are expressed shortly after activation. In this process, a 42 KD-fragment (soluble IL-2R) is continuously cleaved off and circulates as a soluble marker of T lymphocyte activation. Elevated level of soluble IL-2R has been identified in the serum of patients with malignant autoimmune and allergic disorders, systemic parasitic infection, undergoing graft versus host disease, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia and HIV-infection. ADA (adenosine deaminase) completes the process of differentiation of T cell and is essential for progression of T cell maturation. Therefore level of ADA is to correlated with magnitude of T cell immune response. The fact that expression of sIL-2R and ADA activity increases in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis suggests that T cell activation might have a major role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In order to evaluate the T cell immune response in pulmonary tuberculosis, we measured the serum concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity in 17 patients with current pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 chronic inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 as normal controls. (1) Current pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly higher levels of sIL-2R (237.24±95.47)when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (78.6±11.06). and the control (68.17±15.4) group. (2) ADA activity in current pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly increased (34.41±20.63) when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (24.7±14.36) and control (17.65± 5.94) group. (3) There was good correlation between sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group. (4) sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity was decreased significantly 6 months after anti-tuberculosis drug medication. In conclusion, sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group was increased when compared with those of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis and the control group. By the way, T cell mediated immune response was enhanced in current pulmonary tuberculosis, but in inactive chronic pulmonary tuberculosis who had treated by antituberculosis drug medication, the concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity was nearly normal.