들민달팽이(Deroveras varians)의 배자발육과 난황단백질

진병래,손흥대,박혜진,조은숙 東亞大學校附設 農業生命科學硏究所 1999 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.8 No.1

들민달팽이의 배자발육은 해부현미경으로 관찰하였다. 산란 후 4일이 경과면서 발육이 급격하게 진전되어, 10일이 지나면서 난 내에서 들민달팽이 유충의 형태를 갖추고, 12일째 부화하였다. 들민달팽이의 배자발육에 따른 난황단백질의 변화는 산란 1일째, 3일째 및 6일째 알의 난황단백질을 전기영동방법으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 배자발육과 함께 급격히 감소되는 난황단백질 관련 밴드를 관찰할 수 있었다. We characterized embryogenesis and egg proteins of Variable field Slug, Deroceras varians. The embryogenesis was observed by light microscopy. The eggs were hatched at the twelfth day after oviposition. The egg proteins of the first day, third day and sixth day after oviposition were analyzed by native-and SDS-PAGE analyses. The results showed that yolk proteins are gradually decreased during embryogenesis.

적응형 사용자 인터페이스가 가능한 다중 에이전트 기반 전문 분야 검색 엔진 설계

차병래,조혁현 여수대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

The requirement for information retrieval is on the increase recently by the explosive access on WWW. Existed search engines do not support the user requirement correctly. To increase the correctness on searched result, the interactive architecture between user and engine is needed. By increasing information on web and flexibility on user preference, various results are needed on a query. In order to overcome the problem, we propose the adaptive user interface on search engine. Firstly, it accumulates user preferences on the user profile. Secondly, it reorganizes the query domain. Lastly, it filters the result for user needs.

진폐진행정도에 따른 혈청내 구리와 아연 농도의 변동

박정래,박종욱,이수일,이철호,오차재,김창원,조병만,김돈균 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

목 적 : 진폐증은 분진으로 인해 인체의 면역기전이 작용하여 폐섬유화가 진행되는 질환으로, 인체의 면역기전에 작용하는 구리와 아연은 진폐증의 병리적인 진행과정인 폐섬유화에 관여한다. 본 연구의 목적은 초기진폐증 유소견자와 진행된 진폐증 환자의 혈청 구리와 아연의 농도를 정상인과 비교함으로써 체내 구리와 아연의 농도가 진폐증의 섬유화의 진행정도에 따라 변동함을 밝히고, 이를 이용하여 폐섬유화의 진행정도를 추정할 수 있는 지표를 제시하고자 한다. 방 법 : 진폐정밀기관에 내원한 초진내 원자 100명과 진폐요양기관에 입원한 진폐증 환자 100명을 선정한 후 흥부사진소견을 ILO 분류법의 진폐진행정도에 따라 각각 세 군(Stage Vl, V2, V3 & Stage Pl, P2, P3)으로 구분한 후 각 군의 혈청구리와 아연의 농도를 비교분석하였다. 대조군으로는 폐결핵, 심근경색, 뇌경색을 경험한 적이 없는 일반인 100명을 선정하였다. 결 과 : 초진내 원자군의 혈청 구리농도는 섬유화의 진행단계에 따른 유의한 차이를 보였으며, Stage V3에서 가장 높았다. 입원환자군에서는 혈청 구리농도가 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않는데 (p=0, 152), 이는 입원환자의 불량한 영양상태와 건강상태 때문인 것으로 추정된다. 초진내원자군과 입원환자군의 혈청 아연농도는 섬유화의 진행에 따라 통계적인 차이를 보였으며, Stage V2와 Stage P2, P3에서 각각 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 혈청 아연과 구리농도의 비또한 양군에서 섬유화의 진행에 따라 의미있게 높았는데, 섬유화가 현저히 진행된 단계 (Stage V3, Stage P2, P3)에서 대조군과 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 결 론 : 초진내 원자와 입원환자의 혈청 Cu/zrl 비는 섬유화의 진행정도가 현저할수록 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 진폐증 환자들의 혈청 Cu/zn 비는 진폐증의 폐섬유화의 진행정도를 추정함에 있어 상당히 유용한 지표로 이용될 수 있으며, 폐섬유화의 진행과정에서의 혈청 구리와 아연의 작용기전을 이용한 치료방법의 마련에도 도움이 될 것으로 판단한다. Objectives : Copper and Zinc, the trace elements of a living body, take a part in immunologic mechanism and induce the pulmonary fibrosis which is the pathologic progress of pneumoconiosis. This study was performed to assist the identification of the pathologic process of pulmonary fibrosis in pneumoconiosis. Methods : The subjects of thls study was 200 diagnosed persons as pneumoconiosis, of whom 700 persons was the visitors in the outpatients departments of pneumoconiosis and 100 admissive pneumoconiosis patients. The serum copper and zinc are measured and compared. Results : The mean serum copper concentration of visitor group was significantly higher than that of control group, and that of stage V3 subgroup of visitor group was highest because of their advanced fibrosis. But, there was not the difference of serum copper concentration between patient and control group. We thought that the reason was poor nutritional and health status of the patient. The mean of serum zinc concentration of visitor and patient control was lower than that of control group. As the degree of pulmonary fibrosis was more severe from stage Vl, V2, V3 of visitor to stage Pl, P2, P3 of patient, the mean of serum zinc concentration was lower. The ratio of serum copper/zinc of visitor and patient was higher than that of control, and that of patient was higher than that of visitor. Those results showed that the ratio of serum copper/zlnc ratio more greatly expressed the degree of progression of pneumoconiosis than only copper or zinc concentration by adjustment of nutritional and health status of the patient. Conclusions : As above study results, the degree of pulmonary fibrosis of pneumoconiosis could be estimated by means of serum copper/zinc ratio.

방사선 조사에 의한 phospholipase D 활성화 연구

김영래,김기환,조문준,임규,황병두,박승길 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Activation of oleate-dependent phospholipase D (PLD) isozyme by irradiation was reported previously. However, the effects of irradiation on other PLD isotypes (PLD1 and PLD2) have not been studied. There are several kinds of PLD isozymes in a cell. Therefore, it is difficult to study PLD isotype-specific activation in a cell by irradiation. We tested which isotype of PLD responds to irradiation. We used the fibroblasts cell lines overexpressing PLDl or PLD2 by introducing recombinant PLD1 or PLD2 cDNA. Phospholipids in cells were labelled with [(3)^H] myristic acid. Before irradiation, l-butanol was added. After irradiation with doses of 1, 2, and 10 Gray, we measured the formed phosphatidylbutanol containing [(3)^H] myristic acid. The overexpressed PLD isotypes were functional in those cell lines. PLD2 activity was enhanced by irradiation when we compared the PLD activations between control and PLD1 or PLD2 overexpressing cells. However PLD1 was not activated by irradiation. PLD2 isozyme, but not PLD1, was activated by irradiation. One Gray irradiation showed the maximal effect on PLD2 activation. The activation mechanism and physiological significance of PLD2 activation by irradiation remain to be uncovered.

톨루엔 디이소시아네이트 폭로 근로자들의 작업방법에 따른 대사물질의 비교 및 면역능에 관한 연구

이수일,조병만,황인경,이철호,박정래 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Following recent advanced industrialization, the amount of polyurethane to use as thermal insulating materials, upholstery, mattresses and packing materials in automotive and furniture industry is increasing world-widely, and the number of polyurethane-producing worker will be increased. Because the numerous organic solvents are used in polyurethane-producing factory, the workers in this work site is exposed to many organic solvents. Of the organic solvents, Toluene Diisocyanate(TDI) has many hazardous effects to human. The effects of TDI on human are the irritation to respiratory mucosa and gastrointestinal symptoms. Conjunctival irritation, dermal inflammation (redness, pain, vesicular formation) and gastrointestinal symptom(nausea, vomiting. abdominal pain) are reported just after short-term exposure of TDI. TDI is known to give rise to bronchial asthma, as the immune disorder. And because of strongly volatile characteristics of TDI, it is suggested as a more injurious material to human health, especially human immune system, than other organic solvents. Bronchial asthma inducing mechanism of TDI is not clearly known, but on the analogy of TDI induced symptoms and recent studies, early-onset asthma is type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by immunoglobulin E(IgE), and late-onset asthma is maybe type III hypersensitivity reaction by circulating IgG. And we know that the complicated human immune function is likely to move in such that mechanisms, there are not studies on immune indices evaluating the bronchial asthma-related immune function. The evaluation of change patterns of humoral immunity including IgE and IgG and cellular immunity including T-helper cell. T-suppressor cell and T-cytotoxic cell will be helpful to evaluate exposure degrees and prognosis in TDI exposed workers. Because TDA(toluene diamine) as a biological exposure index of TDI becomes the focus of interest, we know that a study on the correlation between urinary TDA and air TDI and immunological indices will make a contribution to biological effect monitoring indicies. We examined human immunity indicators such as WBC, %Lymph (percentile of Lymphocyte in WBC), %T-cell(percentile of T-lymphocyte in total lymphocyte). CD4, CD8, C3, C4, IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE in peripheral blood to evaluate the health hazard of the TDI-exposed workers. And we examined TDA to evaluate correlation between exposure and effect. Total 90 subjects was selected, 45 workers who worked in the polyurethane-producing factories as an exposed group, and 45 cases who were office workers(10 cases), other blue collors(27 cases), and medical college students(8 cases) as a control group. And the results were as follows; 1. The logarithm of IgE-Log10(IgE)±SD-in peripheral blood of a exposed group was significantly higher than a control group, 2.22 ±0.62 in case group compared with 1.98±0.53 in control group. (p<0.05) 2. IgA and IgM in the polyurethane-producing workers were 261.02±83.12㎎/㎗, 151.97 ±59.64 ㎎/㎗, respectively, and 292.77±100.45, 179.17±100.78 in control group. IgA and IgM was slightly lower in polyurethane-producing group than control.(p>0.05) 3. WBC, %Lymph. %T-cell, C3, C4, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio and IgG in case group were 6.391.1 ea/㎖, 37.53 %, 59.54 %, 76.68 ㎎/㎗, 0.76×10(9) ea/L, 0.63×10(9) ea/L, 1.39, and 1606.29 ㎎/㎗, respectively, and 6,974.7 ea/㎖, 35.12 %, 59.64 %, 71.95 ㎎/㎗, 33.94 ㎎/㎗, 0.80×10(9) ea/L, 0.61×10(9) ea/L, 1.39, and 1581.51 ㎎/㎗ in control group. There was no statistical significance between two groups.(p>0.05) 4. In the comparison of each other companies, average of individual urinary TDA in polyurethane paint manufacturing companies is higher than that of polyurethane sponge foaming companies. And, the concentration of 2.6-TDA which is a metabolite of well-vaporized 2.6-TDI is higher than that of 2.4-TDA in the polyurethane sponge foaming companies. But, the concentration of 2.4-TDA which is a metabolite of illvaporized but well skin-absorbed 2.4-TDI is higher in polyurethane paint manufactures. 5. There were no statistical significance in the correlations between individual urinary TDA and immunologic indices.

부산지역에서 산재보상을 신청한 과로사에 관한 연구

남연,오차재,박정래,이동준,조병만,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.1

목 적 : 부산지역의 근로복지공단에서 1991년부터 1999년까지 과로사 관련 보상심사가 이뤄진 총 219례를 대상으로 과로사의 발생양상과 그 인정여부에 영향을 밀치는 요인을 밝힘으로써 향후 과로사 관련 연구의 기초적 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 부산지역의 3개 근로복지공단 지사에 소장된 과로사 심사기록을 대상으로 재해자의 인구통계학적 변수와 소속사업장과 근무환경에 대한 변수, 사망원인질환과 기존질병력, 업무상 과중부하의 성격과 분류, 직무수행성과 직무기인성 여부에 대해 조사하였다. 그리고 행정기관의 과로사 인정에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 평가하였다. 결 과 : 1. 전체 219례 중 135례(61.6 %)가 과로사로 인정을 받았으며, 96년 이후 매년 50례 이상의 보상신청이 이뤄져 왔다. 전체의 30.6 %가 50인 미만의 영세사업장 소속이었고, 직업운전사와 경비 직종이 34.7 %로 높았다. 연령층은 50대 이상이 48.8 % 였고, 하루 12시간 이상의 근무자가 29.6 % 였다. 근무형태에서는 교대근무와 심야근무 등의 불규칙 근무형태가 37.5 %였으며, 새로운업무에 배치된 지 6개월 이내에 발생한 경우가 21.5 %였다. 2. 사망원인으로는 뇌출혈 등의 뇌혈관계 질환이 전체의 49.8 %로 심장질환보다 많았고, 현행법령상의 인정범위에 속하는 경우가 85.4 %였다. 또한 선행질병력이 48.9 %에서 나타났는데, 대다수가 고혈압 등의 순환기 질환으로 확인되어 이들 병력자들의 보건관리에 중점을 둘 필요를 보였다. 3. 운전과 감시·정밀작업, 위험작업, 잦은 장기 출장 등의 위험요인에 노출된 경우가 전체의 53.9 %였고, 재해에 선행된 돌발사건이 전체의 17.8 %에서 관찰되었다. 업무상 과중부하에서 업무량증가와 업무시간연장이 전체의 64.7 % 였고, 6개월 이상의 장기적인 육체적, 정신적 과중부하가 있었던 경우가 42.5 %였다. 이 결과로 볼때 현행 법령상의 장기적인 과로에 대한 인정범위가 보다 확대되어야 할 필요를 보여준다. 4. 과중부하가 발생에 기여한 것으로 평가된 예가 전체의 76.3 %로 실제 인정율보다 높았다. 이중 충분요인으로 작용한 경우가 43.6 %, 부분요인인 경우가 10.4 %, 변경·촉진요인인 경우가 22.3 %였다. 5. 과로사 인정여부와 각 변수간의 로지스틱 회귀분석에서는 해당 업무의 근무경력이 6개월미만인 경우가 교차비 6.76(p=0.016), 사망질환이 법규상의 뇌심혈관계질환에 포함되는 경우가 교차비 3.00(p=0.034)을로 유의하게 높았다. 업무상 과중부하의 증가가 있는 경우는 교차비가 2.02로 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 다소 낮았다(p=0.081). 반면 50대 이상의 고령층과 기존 병력자의 경우는 상대적으로 불인정되는 경향을 보여 현행 행정기관의 인정기준이 과로에 민감한 대상층을 포괄하지 못하고 있음을 보여주었다. 결 론 : 부산지역에서의 과로사는 주로 50인 미만의 영세사업장 중 운전업, 경비업 등에 종사하는 40대 이상의 중·고령층 근로자에서 많았다. 재해자중 다수에서 뇌·심혈관계질환 병력이 확인되었고, 행정기관의 과로사 인정에는 법규상 인정범위의 뇌·심혈관계질환으로 사망한 경우와 재해자의 근무경력이 6개월 미만인 경우에서 인정되는 경우가 의미있게 높았다. 반면 기존 질병력이 있거나 50대 이상의 고령층의 경우 과로사로 인정되지 못하는 경우가 보다 많게 나타났다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 장기적인 과로와 과중부하를 유발하는 고위험직업에서의 과로사 빈도가 높아 현행 법규상의 과로인정기간의 범위를 넓혀야 할 것이고 직업에 대한 고려를 포함하는 인정기준의 검토와 개선이 요구된다. 그리고 과로사를 예방하기 위하여 업무시간 및 업무량의 개선과 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. Onjectives : Karoshi is a word meaning death from work-overload. Work-related diseases due to continuous overwork are primarily cerebro- and cardio-vascular in nature. In korea, despite an increase in the incidence of Karoshi, it is not easy to recognise by workmen's compensation in Korea. This study intended to establish basic information concerning the incidence of Karoshi. Methods : 219 cases were collected based on workers' compensation records of three Busan Regional Centers of Labor Welfare Corporation from 1991 to 1999. The size of workplace, occupation, daily working time, type of working schedule, job tenures, characters of work-overload and duration of work-overload were investigated according of subgroups of general characterictics. Both univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were userd to estimate the relationship between risk factors and a recognition of Karoshi. Results :1. 61.6 % of total cases were recognized as Karoshi. 30.6 % occurred in a small workplace of less than 50 workers, 34,7 % were drivers or guardss, and 48,8 % were more than 50 years old. Additionally, 29.6 % worked more than 12 hours, 37.5 % were irregular hours and shift workers and 21.5 % of the total had been on the job less than 6 months. 2. Of the causes of death, 49,8 % was cerebro-vascular diseases and it was more than cardio-vascular ones. And 80.4 % of total cases was belonged to the recognition-category of the Labour Ministry's Law. The previous desease history was found on 49.8 % of all cases. Of them, hypertension was most common as 21.9 %. 3. 53.9 % of patients were exposed to job hazards such as driving, monitoring, guarding, risky jobs and frequent long-term official trips. 64.7 % recorded a increased work-overload of job contents and working hours. Of the several types of work-overload, 42.5 % displayed long-term physical and psychotic work-overload and 22.2 % exhibited job characteristic work-overload. 4. In this study, work-overload was associated with the incidence of Karoshi in 76.3 % of cases. This rate was higher than the recognition of Workmen's compensation recorded by the Korea Labor Welfate Corporation. Of these, 43.6 % belonged to sufficient factors, 10.4 % partial factors, and 22.3 % were due to aggravating factors. 5. Logistic regression demonstrated that death due to cerebro- and cardio-vascular disease, short-tenure within 6 month was significantly associated with a recognition of Karoshi (p=0.034, OR=3.00, CI=1.09~8.30/p=0.016, OR=6.76, CI=1.43~32.07 respectively) and that an increase of work-overload was also associated, but its statistical significance was slightly lower(p=0.081, OR=2.02, CI=0.91~4.46). However, no association was found between this recognition and overtime work, hazardous job, irregular work schedule, low-income, injury-onset place, or small size of workplace. The elderly group(>50years old) and those with a previous disease history were negatively associated with recognition although the statistical associaltion was low. Conclusions : Karoshi in Busan occurred frequently in a small workplace of less than 50 workers, especially drivers or guards. Additionally, these cases worked more than 12 hours, were irregular hours and shift workers. The death due to cerebro- and cardio-vascular disease, short-tenure within 6 month was significantly associated with a recognition of Karoshi. However Karoshi in this study occurred frequently in overtime work and high risk groups of work-overload. Therefore, for prevention of Karoshi, work-overload and overtime work need improved and controled.

돼지에서 정맥, 근육 그리고 경구 투여시의 enrofloxacin의 약물동태학

윤효인,김무열,박승춘,조준형,박병권,이내경,노상석,장범수,신광순,조명행 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

In order to characterize pharmacokinetic profiles according to route of a new enrofloxacin salt form (Enrotil®), it was given to 4 healthy pigs via oral (p.o.), intramuscular (i.m.) or intravenous (i.v.) administrations at a dose rate of 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight. Enrofloxacin (ENFX) in serum was detected by bioassay using E. coli BE1186 as a test organism. The biological elimination half-lives (t_1/2(β)) of ENFX were 6.76±0.99 h (i.v.), 7.16±2.30 h (i.m.) and 11.45±3.90 h (p.o.), Volume of distribution (Vd) of enrofloxacin was 2.20±0.31 L/㎏ (i.v.), 2.52±0.60 L/㎏ (i.m.) and 1.88±0.33 L/㎏ (i.m.). Mean residence time (MRT) was 8.77±1.26 h after i.v. injection and the maximal concentration time (Tmax) following p.o. and i.m. administration was 0.76±0.09 h and 0.60±0.12 h, indicating a rapid absorption from these routes. Bioavailibility (F) was calculated as 64.1% for p.o. administration and 59.71% for i.m. injections. In summary, the newly formulated enrofloxacin salt form has shown a high water solubility, rapid absorption and large tissue distribution, suggesting a potential antibacterials for oral application on a large scale in veterinary sectors.

Pull-out test and discrete spring model of fibre-reinforced polymer perfobond rib shear connector

Cho, Jeong-Rae,Park, Sung Yong,Cho, Keunhee,Kim, Sung Tae,Kim, Byung-Suk Canadian Science Publishing 2012 Canadian journal of civil engineering Vol.39 No.12

<P> In this study, a series of pull-out tests on fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) perfobond rib shear connectors were conducted to investigate their shear behavior. The test specimens were designed to examine only the effects of the resistance by rib holes. The test variables were the size and number of rib holes. In the tests, the resistance by concrete dowel action was practically linearly proportional to the area of the rib hole. However, the resistance appeared to be nonlinearly proportional to the number of rib holes with a slight loss for a larger number of the rib holes, due to the sequential failure of the rib holes. The constitutive equation of the discrete spring model representing the concrete dowel including post-failure frictional effects, adopting the diameter of the rib hole as parameter, was derived through regression analysis of the load - relative displacement curve obtained for specimens with a single rib hole. The proposed discrete spring model resulted in good correlation with the experimental results for specimens with a larger number of rib holes. It is expected that the derived constitutive equation would be useful for the analysis and design of structures using FRP perfobond rib shear connectors. </P>

Development of a multidisciplinary optimization process for designing optimal pharmaceutical formulations with constrained experimental regions

Cho, Byung Rae,Shin, Sangmun,Choi, Yongsun,Kovach, Jami Springer-Verlag 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TE Vol.44 No.9

Construction of Stably Transformed Bm 5 Cells by Using Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus IE 0 Gene

Cho, Eun Sook,Jin, Byung Rae,Sohn, Hung Dae,Choi, Kwang Ho,Kim, Soung Ryul,Kang, Seok Woo,Yun, Eun Young,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Keun Young,Je, Yeon Ho,Kang, Seok Kwon 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.2

To construct transfurmed Bm5 cells, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) IE1 gene, an immediate early viral gene was firstly used in this study. AcNPV IE1 gene, which shares on 95.3% nucleotide sequence homology with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) IE1 gene, was isolated and cloned into pBluescript. Neomycin gene from pKO-neo was inserted under the control of the IE1 promoter to yield pAcIE1-neo. The plasmid pAcIE1-neo was transfected into Bm5 or Sf9 cells, and neomycin-resistant cells were selected in TC100 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 mg/ml G4l8 for two weeks. Individual clones were picked and each was amplified for further characterization. The genomic DNA from neomycin-resistant cells was isolated and characterized by PCR using AcNPV IEI gene-specific primers and by Southern blot analysis using neomycin gene probe. We concluded that AcNPV IE1 gene was functional in B. mori-derived Bm5 cells as well as Spodoptera fugjprrda-derived Sf9 cells to produce stably-transformed insect cells