Interleukin-1B(1L-1B) polymorphisms and gastric mucosal levels of IL-Iβ cytokine in Korean patients with gastric cancer

Chang, Young-Woon,Jang, Jae-Young,Kim, Nam-Hoon,Lee, Jae Won,Lee, Hyo Jung,Jung, Woon Won,Dong, Seok-Ho,Kim, Hyo-Jong,Kim, Byung-Ho,Lee, Joung-Il,Rin Chang KYUNG HEE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER 2006 고황의학상 수상논문집 Vol.21-22 No.-

Interleukin-1B and IL-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) in Caucasian populations. However, recent studies could not find any association between IL-1B-511T polymorphism and the risk of GC in Asians. We tested for an association between IL-1 loci polymorphisms with increased gastric mucosal levels of IL-1β and an increased risk of developing GC in a Korean population. Polymorphisms of IL-1A-889, IL-1B-31, IL-1B-511 and IL-1RN were genotyped in 434 controls and 234 patients with GC. Mucosal IL-1β cytokine was measured using an ELISA. The frequencies of IL-1A, IL-1B-511, IL-1B-31 and IL-1RN were not statistically different between controls and all patients with GC. After subclassification of GC, only patients with intestinal-type GC showed a higher frequency of IL-1B-31T homozygotes (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.3) compared with controls. Risk was also significantly increased in these patients for IL-1B-31T homozygotes compared with patients with diffuse-type GC (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.5-7.7). As in Caucasian populations, linkage disequilibrium between IL-1B-31 and IL-1B-511 was nearly complete, but the pattern of haplotype related to the risk of GC (IL-1B-31T/IL-1B-511C) was opposite (IL-1B-511T/IL-1B-31C). Mucosal IL-1β levels in H. pylori-infected GC patients were higher in patients homozygous for IL-1B-31T compared with IL-1B-31C/T and IL-1B-31C/C. Thus, the combined effects of H. pylori infection and IL-1B-31T/IL-1B-511C polymorphisms with enhanced mucosal IL-1β production contributed to the development of intestinal-type GC in this Korean population.

Genetic effect of <i>CCR3</i> and <i>IL5RA</i> gene polymorphisms on eosinophilia in asthmatic patients

Lee, June-Hyuk,Chang, Hun Soo,Kim, Ji Hyun,Park, Se-Min,Lee, Yong Mok,Uh, Soo Taek,Rhim, Taiyoun,Chung, Il Yup,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Park, Byung Lae,Park, Choon-Sik,Shin, Hyoung Doo Elsevier 2007 The journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.120 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Eosinophilic infiltration and peripheral blood eosinophilia in asthma require the cooperation of eosinophil-specific cytokines and chemokines and their receptors.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>We investigated the association of polymorphisms in <I>CCR3</I> and <I>IL5RA</I> with asthma susceptibility or peripheral blood eosinophilia and the effects of the polymorphisms on receptor expression.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Polymorphisms in <I>CCR3</I> and <I>IL5RA</I> were identified and genotyped in 576 asthmatic patients and 180 healthy control subjects. CCR3 and IL-5 receptor α (IL-5Rα) protein expression on eosinophils was measured by means of flow cytometry.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Although polymorphisms in <I>CCR3</I> were not associated with asthma susceptibility, the <I>CCR3</I> haplotype <I>ht2</I> showed a negative gene dose effect on the eosinophil count (<I>P</I> = .003–.009). <I>IL5RA c.−5091G>A</I> was weakly associated with eosinophil count. The effects of <I>ht2</I> were greater when paired with <I>IL5RA c.−5091A</I> (<I>P</I> = .001–.002). CCR3 protein expression was higher on eosinophils of asthmatic patients without <I>ht2</I> than in those with <I>ht2</I>. Asthmatic patients with the <I>IL5RA c.−5091A</I> allele showed higher IL-5Rα expression than those who were homozygous for the G allele.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The genetic association between <I>CCR3</I> polymorphisms and the number of circulating eosinophils was revealed as a novel finding. These associations were more pronounced when the <I>CCR3</I> polymorphisms were paired with polymorphisms in <I>IL5RA</I>. The protein expression levels of CCR3 and IL-5Rα on peripheral blood eosinophils are associated with the polymorphisms on their own genes.</P><P><B>Clinical implications</B></P><P>The identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of <I>CCR3</I> and <I>IL5RA</I> might be useful in developing markers for intermediate phenotypes of eosinophil number and in designing strategies to control diseases related to hypereosinophilia.</P>

Correlation between skeletal and dental changes after mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment

Chang-Hoon Rhee,Youn-Kyung Choi,Yong-Il Kim,Seong-Sik Kim,Soo-Byung Park,Woo-Sung Son 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Objective: To investigate skeletal and dental changes after application of a mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment approach in cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: A retrospective study of 34 patients (23 men, 11 women; mean age, 26.2 ± 6.6 years) with skeletal Class III deformities, who underwent surgery-first orthodontic treatment, was conducted. Skeletal landmarks in the maxilla and mandible at three time points, pre-treatment (T0), immediate-postoperative (T1), and post-treatment (T2), were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated half-cephalograms. Results: The significant T0 to T1 mandibular changes occurred ?9.24 ± 3.97 mm horizontally. From T1 to T2, the mandible tended to move forward 1.22 ± 2.02 mm, while the condylar position (Cd to Po-perpendicular plane) shifted backward, and the coronoid process (Cp to FH plane) moved vertically. Between T1 and T2, the vertical dimension changed significantly (p < 0.05). Changes in the vertical dimension were significantly correlated to T1 to T2 changes in the Cd to Po-perpendicular plane (r = ?0.671, p = 0.034), and in the Cp to FH plane (r = 0.733, p = 0.016), as well as to T0 to T1 changes in the Cp to Poperpendicular plane (r = 0.758, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Greater alterations in the vertical dimension caused larger post-treatment (T2) stage skeletal changes. Studying the mandibular position in relation to the post-surgical vertical dimension emphasized the integral importance of vertical dimension control and proximal segment management to the success of surgery-first orthodontic treatment.

Long second toe: its nail and skin changes

( Geun-hwi Park ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Nail can be affected by trauma, infection, and systematic disorders. In particular, the toe nails are exposed to the repeated and cumulative minor traumas, which usually result in thickened, splitted, and discolorated nails. Considering these, it can be inferred that the long second toe can be related to various nail and skin changes by repeated minor traumas such as friction in shoes, but the study or report on this topic hasn’t been done yet. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce various nail and skin changes on long second toe. Methods: We analyzed the kinds of nail/skin changes of 50 patients with long second toe, enrolled at Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan) from 2013 to 2018. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of left and right toe and toenail, and 7 (14%) patients presented bilateral distribution. The most common nail change on long second toe was melanonychia (23, 46%), followed by subungual hematoma (15, 30%), onycholysis (2, 4%), subungual hyperkeratosis (2, 4%), onychomadesis (1, 2%), and retronychia (1, 2%). The most common skin change was corn (9, 18%), followed by paronychia (2, 4%). Twenty (20/50, 40%) patients also had other toe or toenail changes. Among them, the most common site was big toe/nail (13, 62%), and the most common change was subungual hematoma (8, 42%). Conclusion: Through this study, the dermatologists can recognize and diagnose the nail and skin changes of long second toe.

요추 추간판탈출증 수술 후 임상 증상의 회복

신병준,김준범,조영훈,권희,서유성,김연일,나수균,최창욱 대한척추외과학회 1997 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Study Design : The authors retrospectively analysed the recovery of clinical symptoms after surgical treatment of lumbar HIVD. Objectives : To investigate the incidence of clinical symptoms, the recovery rate and time after surgical treatment and the difference between L4-5 and L5-S1 lesion. Summary of Literature Review : There are many reports concerning the clinical result of surgical treatment for the HIVD. They usually describe the result as excellent, good, fair and poor. We can't get any information about the recovery rate and recovery time of each clinical symptom from the reports. Materials and Methods : Thirty-eight patients were treated by one level open discectomy from march 1991 to december 1995. The clinical symptoms and signs including SLR, motor deficit, sensory deficit, change of DTR and severity of radiating pain were periodically followed up on the predesigned protocol, Results : In preoperative examination, SLR was positive in 82%, motor deficit in 76%, sensory deficit in 74%, DTR change in 50%, and radiating pain in 100%. The recovery rate of SLR was 96.8%, motor deficit ; 93.6%, sensory deficit ; 78.6%, DTR change ; 21 % and radiating pain ; 84.2%. The average recovery time of SLR was 3.4 months, motor deficit ; 1.9 months, sensory deficit ; 5.3 months, DTR change ; 4.1 months and radiating pain ; 3.2 months. Motor and sensory deficit was more frequent in L4-5 lesion but DTR change was usually noted in L5-S] lesion. The recovery rate and time showed no great difference between the two level. Conclusions : The recovery rate was higher in SLR, motor deficit and radiating pain rather than sensory deficit and DTR change. The recovery time was fastest in radiating pain but variable nature was noted in sensory deficit. Above results may be helpful to explain the prognosis of the lumbar HIVD.

흰쥐에서 사염화 탄소(CCl4)에 의한 간섬유화의 유도

김병호,이정일,김효종,김영관,장린,동석호,장영운,송일한 대한소화기학회 1992 대한소화기학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Experimental model of hepatic fibrosis is importent contributions to the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the liver. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is one of the oldest and most widely used toxin for experimental induction of hepatic fibrosis in laboratory animals. In this study, We intended to induce the hepatic fibrosis in the rat by the intragastric CCl₄/ phenobarbtal treatment once a week for 12 weeks and the administration dosage of CCl₄ in each week was determined by the daily body weight change. Liver function and histologic change were examined just after 12-week treatment in group Ia (9 rats, Phenobarbital treatment only) and II (18 rats, CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment), and liver function and the irreversibility o histologic change were examined 12 weeks after 12-week treatment in group Ib (9 rats, phenobarbital treatment only) and III (18 rats, CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment). 1) Death rate after 12-week treatment was 11% in group Ⅰ, 56% in group Ⅱ and 50% in group Ⅲ. and the highest rate was at 1 week. that is 33 o each in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. 2) Tatal protein, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and portal venous pressure were significantly increased in group Ⅱ compared with that in group Ⅰa, but it was only portal venous pressure that was increased in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰb, 3) The gross finding of micronodular change was shown in 88% of group Ⅱ, 71% of group Ⅲ, but none of group Ⅰ. The microscopic finding of hepatic fibrosis was found in all of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, but none of group Ⅰ. The severe form of hepatic fibrosis suggesting cirrhosis was found in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, 12% and 29% respectively. In our study, mortality rate was high within 1 week after CCl₄ treatment, which resulted in half survival rate after 12-week treatment. We also experienced the loin rate of severe fibrotic changes in surviving rats. In the future, in order to produce a severe irreversible fibrotic change with low mortality in inducing hepatic fibrosis with CCl₄/phenobarbital treatment in the rat, adequate detemination of the initial dose of CCl₄ and appropriate choice of administration route of CCl₄ were thought to be needed.

간장 ( 肝腸 ) 및 담도 ( 膽道 ) : B형 활동성 간염 환자에서 단기 Prednisolone과 ARA - AMP 겸용 치료의 경과에 따른 면역 지표의 변화에 관한 연구

민영일(Young Il Min),장린(Rin Chang),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),이정일(Joung Il Lee),황이숙(Yi Sook Hwang),김정원(Jeong Won Kim),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim) 대한소화기학회 1990 대한소화기학회지 Vol.22 No.3

N/A Withdrawal of corticosteroids in patients with chronic type B hepatitis is frequently associated with enhanced cellular immune response to hepatitis B virus. This immunolgic rebound generally results in a transient reduction in levels of HBV-DNA and DNA polymerase, and seldom results in clearance of HBeAg. There was a pilot study that the combination of a short course of prednisone followed by ARA-AMP was potentially synergistic. The object of this study was to determine the effect of short term prednisolone followed by ARA-AMP on the immune system in patients with chronic active ltepatitis-B. Patients were started 40 mg of prednisolone daily for 4 weeks. After prednisolone therapy was discontinued, patients received no medication for 2 weeks. ARA-AMP was then given for 4 weeks at a dose of 500 mg daily. Immune parameters such as T cell subsets, IL, production, NK cell activeity, and LAK cell activity were tested before and during treatement period. The resullts were as follows. 1) Basal IL2 production in CAH-B (71.3 unit/ml) was lower than that of normal control (p<0.025). Basal NK activity, T4/T8 ratio and LAK activity of CAH-B were similar to those of normal control. 2) After prednisolone treatment, IL2 production, NK cell activity and LAK cell activity were significantly lower than those of basal value. 3) After induction of immune rebound, IL, production increased to 84.8 unit/ml (basal 71.3 unit/ml,

급성 췌장염의 시대적 변화

김배영(Bai Young Kim),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),정형근(Hyung Keun Chung),김영관(Young Kwan Kim),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),이정일(Jung Il Lee),장영운(Young Woon Chang),장린(Rin Chang) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

N/A Background: According to the rapid changes in social environment such as increasing alcohol consumption and the marked improvement in diagnostic technique, we expect that there have been major changes in various aspects of acute pancreatitis during the recent 12 years in Korea. Methods: The medical records of 317 patients with acute pancreatitis diagnosed from 1980 through 1992 were reviewed about clinical, laboratory and radiological findings in the three different time period. Results: 1) There has been an increasing incidence in male sex about three folds. 2) There has been an increasing trends in the duration of hospitalization. 3) A significant increase was observed in the proportion of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis in the three different time period; 26.9%, 45.7%, 50.7% respectively. 4) The complication rates have been slightly increased in the three different time period; 46.3%, 47.1%, 59.1% respectively. But, the type of complications has not been changed. 5) There is increasing severity in non-gallstone group, but no significant differences in gallstone group. There is a declining trends in the number of patients with muld severity index, but increasing trend in the number of patients with moderate severity index in non-gallstone group. 6) There was no significant differences in mortality rate. Conclusions: There has been major changes in the etiology ans severity of acute pancreatitis from 1980 through 1992. Especially, significant increase in the proportion of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis was observed in the three differnt time period. These results might be due to socioeconomic changes.

1990년대 간경변증의 원인, 합병증, 사망원인의 변화에 관한 고찰

김병호,김경진,김효종,장린,이정일,동석호,이동근,한요셉,장영운,백일현 대한간학회 2000 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.6 No.3

$quot;목적: 우리나라에서 간경변증의 가장 중요한 원인은 B형 간염이지만 최근 C형 간염에 의한 경우가 늘고 있으며, 알코올성 간경변증은 드문 것으로 알려져 있으나 음주 인구 및 음주량의 증가로 빈도가 증가되었을 것으로 추측된다. 또한 진단 기술의 발달, 정맥류 출혈 치료의 발전, 간세포암의 조기진단 및 치료법의 발달로 간경변의 진단 시기 및 사망원인 등에도 변화가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 이에 연자 등은 C형 간염 진단이 가능하게 된 1991년 이후의 환자를 대상으로 간경변증의 원인, 진단 시기, 합병증 및 사망원인의 변화 등을 조사하여 비교, 분석하였다. 대상과 방법: 1991년부터 1998년까지 경희대학교 병원에 입원하여 간경변증으로 진단된 1157명의 환자를 대상으로 원인, 합병증의 발생빈도, 사망원인에 대하여 병력기록을 후향적으로 분석하였으며, 이들 결과를 전ㆍ후반기로 나누어 비교하였다. 결과: 간경변증 환자 1157명 중 남자가 848명(73.3%)으로 많았으며, 전ㆍ후반기의 차이는 없었다. 환자의 연령은 전반기 51.4±11.1세, 후반기 51.2±11.2세로 차이가 없었으며, B형 간염이나 알코올에 의한 경우도 유사한 양상이었다. 그러나 C형 간염에 의한 경우는 약 10세 높은 연령), 알코올(12.7%, 20.0%), C형 간염(8.5%, 17.5%) 순으로 후반기에 알코올이나 C형 간염에 의한 경우가 증가하였으나 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 사망환자 249명의 원인 분석에서 전ㆍ후반기 모두 간부전(38.7%, 40.2%)이 가장 많았고, 그 이외 전반기는 정맥류 출혈(20.0%), 간암(18.7%), 간신증후군 순(11.3%)이었고 후반기는 간신증후군(19.2%), 정맥류 출혈(16.2%), 간암(11.2%) 순으로 간신증후군은 증가하고 정맥류출혈은 감소하는 경향이었으나 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 결론: 1990년대 간경변증의 원인은 과거와 마찬가지로 B형 바이러스 감염이 가장 많았지만, 알코올성 간경변증의 빈도가 약 30%로 과거에 비하여 증가한 것으로 생각되었다. C형 간염바이러스 감염에 의한 경우는 빈도의 변화 없이 약 10세 높은 연령에서 진단되었다. 간경변증의 진단은 점차 간경변 초기에 진단되는 경우가 증가하였다. 간경변증의 사망원인 중 정맥류 출혈은 점차 감소한 반면 간경변증 말기에 나타나는 간신증후군에 의한 경우가 증가하는 경향을 보였다$quot;. $quot;Background: Alcoholic liver disease has increased. The causes of death in liver cirrhosis have changed. The author tried to categorize the etiology and complications of liver cirrhosis and analyze the causes of death in the 1990s. Method: The author retrospectively reviewed medical records of 1,175 patients diagnosed as having liver cirrhosis at Kyung Hee University Hospital from January 1991 through December 1998. The etiology, complications and the cause of death were compared between the early (1991-1994) and the late (1995-1998) periods. Results: The proportion of male patients (73.3%) was still about 3 times that of female patients. There was no difference in age at the time of diagnosis between early and late periods (51.4 11.1 and 51.2 11.2 years respectively). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was still the most common cause of liver cirrhosis (57.0%) and alcohol was the next (31.1%). The complications of liver cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis were, in order: esophageal varices, ascites, and variceal bleeding. But there was no significant difference between the periods. The proportion of Child grade B was the most common at the time of diagnosis in both periods, but Child grade A increased in the late period. The most common cause of death was liver failure and the next cause was variceal bleeding in the early period. Hepatorenal syndrome was the second most common cause in the late period. Conclusion: There was no change in the etiology between early and late periods. HBV infection was still the most common etiology but the incidence of alcoholic liver cirrhosis might have increased in the 1990s. The proportion of the Child B at initial diagnosis was the highest (around 50%) but that of Child A increased in the late period. Among the causes of death, liver failure and hepatorenal syndrome had a tendency to increase in the late period$quot;.

GM-CSF Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Inducing Th9 Cell Responses

Kim, Il-Kyu,Koh, Choong-Hyun,Jeon, Insu,Shin, Kwang-Soo,Kang, Tae-Seung,Bae, Eun-Ah,Seo, Hyungseok,Ko, Hyun-Ja,Kim, Byung-Seok,Chung, Yeonseok,Kang, Chang-Yuil American Association for Cancer Research 2019 Cancer immunology research Vol.7 No.3

<P>Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) functions as an adjuvant for antitumor immunity through an unclear mechanism. By activating monocyte-derived dendritic cells, GM-CSF induces Th9 development and IL9 production, which facilitates antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.</P><P>GM-CSF as an adjuvant has been shown to promote antitumor immunity in mice and humans; however, the underlying mechanism of GM-CSF–induced antitumor immunity remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that GM-CSF potentiates the efficacy of cancer vaccines through IL9-producing Th (Th9) cells. GM-CSF selectively enhanced Th9 cell differentiation by regulating the COX2–PGE<SUB>2</SUB> pathway while inhibiting the differentiation of induced regulatory T (iTreg) cells <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. GM-CSF–activated monocyte-derived dendritic cells converted tumor-specific nai¨ve Th cells into Th9 cells, and delayed tumor growth by inducing antitumor CTLs in an IL9-dependent manner. Our findings reveal a mechanism for the adjuvanticity of GM-CSF and provide a rationale for the use of GM-CSF in cancer vaccines.</P>