정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Vascular Protective Role of Samul-Tang in HUVECs: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 and NO

Choi, Eun Sik,Lee, Yun Jung,Seo, Chang Seob,Yoon, Jung Joo,Han, Byung Hyuk,Park, Min Cheol,Kang, Dae Gill,Lee, Ho Sub Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2016 No.-

<P>Samul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), composed of four medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula treating hematological disorder or gynecologic disease. However, vascular protective effects of SMT and its molecular mechanisms on the vascular endothelium, known as the central spot of vascular inflammatory process, are not reported. The aim of this study was to investigate vascular protective effects of SMT water extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Water extract of SMT was prepared and identified by HPLC-PDA analysis. Expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<I>κ</I>B) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined by western blot. Nuclear localization of NF-<I>κ</I>B and Nrf2 was visualized by immunofluorescence and DNA binding activity of NF-<I>κ</I>B was measured. ROS production, HL-60 monocyte adhesion, and intracellular nitric oxide (NO) were also measured using a fluorescent indicator. SMT suppressed NF-<I>κ</I>B translocation and activation as well as expression of CAMs, monocyte adhesion, and ROS production induced by TNF-<I>α</I> in HUVECs. SMT treated HUVECs showed upregulation of HO-1 and NO which are responsible for vascular protective action. Our study suggests that SMT, a traditionally used herbal formula, protects the vascular endothelium from inflammation and might be used as a promising vascular protective drug.</P>

Schisandrae semen essential oil attenuates oxidative stress-induced cell damage in C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cells through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of HO-1

KANG, JI SOOK,HAN, MIN HO,KIM, GI-YOUNG,KIM, CHEOL MIN,CHUNG, HAE YOUNG,HWANG, HYE JIN,KIM, BYUNG WOO,CHOI, YUNG HYUN Spandidos Publications 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.35 No.2

표면근전도와 전자각도기를 이용한 자동차 부품 조립작업 위험요인 평가

강동묵,이철호,,신용철,김은아,우지훈,조병만,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: As automobile part manufacturing is characterized by high speed and high repetition, observation methods which are usually utilized for static posture are inappropriate to evaluate musculoskeleatal risk factors. This study quantified the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders on the forearm and suggested exposure limits by estimating the risk factors using surface electromyography (EMG) and electrogoniometer. Methods: Ten percent of the total workers at 3 automobile part manufacturing factories were randomly selected, and 99 male workers were recruited as study subjects. The study was conducted during May 2003 to September 2004. The workers were equipped with electrogoniometers on the wrist and the elbow, surface EMGs on the skin of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscles, and the heart beat recorder during work as indicators of joint movement, local muscle tension and physical work load, respectively. Results: After controlling for age, body mass index and job stress, wrist flexion maximum angle, FDS relative activity (RA) and ECR RA were significantly associated with forearm musculoskeletal symptoms. The odds ratios of the forearm were 5.0(95% CI: 1.1-22.7), 14.0(95% CI: 1.5-128.8) and 7.3(95% CI: 1.1-49.4) for wrist flexion maximum angle more than 76˚, FDS RA more than 2.8%, and ECR RA more than 3.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Joint angle and focal muscle activity were associated with forearm musculoskeletal symptoms. To reduce forearm musculoskeletal symptoms among automobile part manufacturers, the wrist flexion angle, and FDS and ECR activity need to be reduced below the guidelines recommended in this study.

경제성 분석을 통한 가스전용 건물 열병합 발전기 교체의 타당성에 관한 연구

강병호,이경회 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of study is to testify propriety of alternative cogeneration system with economic evaluation. As cogeneration system has very high energy efficiency, it is recommended as a good solution in energy saving, relieving peak load of national grid and preventing greenhouse effect. But, established Duel fuel cogeneration system emit NOx gas and have low efficiency. Therefore, this study evaluate economical efficiency of changing dual fuel cogeration system with exclusive LNG cogeneration system. This study process is: 1. Survey H-building's general property and energy performance 2. Calculate electrical and thermal load to use fundamental data. 3. Analyze economical efficiency wit ROI(Return os Investment) 4. Make a actual prediction from responsiveness analisis about price fluctuation.

Plused Spark Chamber의 제작과 그 특성조사

강영호,차병헌 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 1983 自然科學論文集 Vol.2 No.-

A pulsed spark chamber with sensitive area 19cm×19cm and 17 gaps is constructed and its characteristics are investigated. The chamber frame is made by lucite plate and 0.1mm aluminum foil is used for electrode. The side of lucite frame is highly polished to obtain the optical transparency. In the chamber, 99.99% argon gas is filled and gas-flowing method is used for eliminating the contamination of O_2. The clearing field of 150V/cm D.C. is applied for obtaining the clean spark images. The constructed spark chamber has the rise time of 100nsec and the delay time of 0.9㎲ec with operating voltage of 12KV, tracks of the cosmic rays has been photographed and particles can be selectively detected by coincidence circuit with scintillation counter.

R_2O-MgO-MgF_2-SiO_2계 Glass의 Crystallization에 관한 연구

강원호,박병구 단국대학교 신소재기술연구소 1993 신소재 Vol.3 No.-

본 연구에서는 Fluour mica group^1)의 하나인 Lithium fluorhectorite mica (LiMg_2LiSi_4O_10F2) 결정상^2)을 얻기위해 Li_2O-MgO-MgO-MgF_2-SiO_2계를 기본 조성으로 선정하여Tdmaum 결성화시켰을때에 나타나는 벽개성(cleavage)의 원인을 mica의 결정구조 XMg_2LiSi_4O_10F2에서 interlayer cation에 있는 것으로 보고서 X에 해당하는 R_2O성분 LI_2O, Na_2O, K_2O를 4∼10 wt% 변화시켜 Pt-crucible을 사용하여 1450℃에서 모유리를 제조하였다. 제조된 모유리의 DTA, TMA 열분석 결과를 토대로, 결정화 열처리를 핵형성 610∼690℃, 결정성장 900∼1150℃, 각각 2시간, 4시간으로 결정화 sample을 얻었으며 XRD와 SEM을 사용하여 결정상과 미세 구조를 분석하였다. Tg는 520℃, Mg는 580℃였으며, 모유리 상태는 부분 유백의 모유리를 얻을 수 있었다. 최적 결정화 조건은 핵형성 630∼670, 결정성장 1100℃였으며 결정상은 Lithium (Sodium, Potassium) fluorhectorite 와 talc, 그리고 quartz였다. 벽개성이 가장 우수한 조성은 Li_2O 6 wt%, MgO 10.8 wt%, MgF_2 16.7 wt%, SiO_2 6.4 wt% 였다. In this study, the crystallization of R_2O-MgO-MgF_2-SiO_2 fluormica glass-ceramics were investigated. Lithium fluorhectorite mica (LiMg_2LiSi_4O_10F_2), one of the water swelling mica group is composed of Li_2-O-MgO-MgF_2-SiO_2 glass system and this composition added TiO_2, ZrO_2 and P_2O_5 as nucleating agent. The interlayer cation Li^+ of the composition was replaced by Na^+ -and K^+ -ions. this base glass was melted at 1450℃ per 1h. After heat-treatment on the bases of thermal analysis of this base glass by DTA and TMA, crystal phase and sizes upon to the nucleation and crystallized temperature were observed by XRD and SEM. When crystallized, the crystal phase is lithium fluorhectorite, talc and quartz. It is found that the crystal phase to influence self delamination is lithium fluorhectorite one. In the case of substitution of interiayer cation Na^+ and K^+ for Li^+, properties of cleavage and delamination was not found and also crystal phase containing Li^+ is different from one of that Na^+, K^+. The optimum chemical composition are LI_2O 6 wt%, MgO 10.8 wt%, MgF_2 16.7wt%, SiO_2 66.4 wt% and the optimum temperature for crystallization having excellent delamination is 1100℃ and nucleation for temperature is 630℃ -670℃. When used TiO_2 as a nucleating agent, it show excellent crystallization.

미세채널 구조물 상부의 초정밀 연마 기술 연구

강정일,이윤호,안병운,윤종학 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

Micro-Channel ultra-precision polishing is a new technology used in magnetic field-assisted polishing. In this paper, an electromagnet or the jig of test system was designed and manufactured. A size of magnetic abrasive is used on 25~75μm and for the polish a micro-channel upper part. A surface of channel which is not even is manufactured using magnetic abrasive finishing at upper surface of micro-channel. As a result, the surface roughness rose by 80% after upper surface of micro- channel was polished up 8 minutes by polishing.

표면처리된 복합레진에 대한 수리용 레진의 결합강도에 관한 연구

강현숙,최호영,민병순,박상진,최기운 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.1

Composite resin repair requires strong bond strength between the new and old materials. The objective of the current study was to identify the optimal treatments for sufficient bond strengths. Bondings between same kinds of materials and cross bondings using chemical curing composites and light curing composites were tested. Surface treatments included the methods of sand-blasting, acid etching and coating of bonding agent. Seven kinds cases of combinations from three kinds of methods were experimented and compared with a control group of which surfaces were highly polished. Measurements of shear bond strength and observations of surface morphologic changes using a scanning electron microscope were done. Following conclusions were drawn 1. The highest bond strength among composite resins were exhibited by the treatment of the sand-blasting and the coating of bonding agent. 2. Acid etched surfaces showed the lowest bond strength. Bond strengths obtained from experimental groups including acid etching were lower than those obtained from same kinds of experimental groups without acid etching. 3. Simple method of the coating of bonding agent produced the slightly increased bond strength on chemical curing composite and reduced bond strength on light curing composite. 4. Bonding surfaces of chemical curing composite resin showed slightly higher bond strengths than light curing composite resin, however significant differences were not confirmed statistically. 5. More significant irregular surfaces were created by sand-blasting method than acid etching method. 6. A principal component of fillers of both resins was silicon. Acid etching method produced the seperations and degradations of fillers, these were significant on light curing composite resins which containing barium fillers.

준설수심에 따른 사천만의 해수유동 특성에 관한 연구

강대석,유상호,민일규,이동수,민병형 東亞大學校 海洋資源硏究所 2003 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.-

This study on the characteristics of the tidal current at the half closed bay selected Sachoˇn Bay located in the western Kyung-nam area as the object location of the study. Then, I analyzed the current with the varying dredging depth after the depth integral of the three Dimensional continuous equation and Navier-stokes equation. The study would get the following results, and the results could be used meamingfully as the analysis material about the dredging depth's influnce on the surrounding ocean when developing the coastal port. 1. When measuring the tidal current, there is a bit dispersion in the current direction of the observed object, but it is the wind effect at the bay. Considering that the calculated result is the shallow-water equation integranted in depth, the results can be concluded to in accored with my expectancy. 2. In case of reclaiming and dredging, the flow velocity and direciton change constantly, compared with the present condition. 3. At the wide bay dredge depth does not arrect the level of the ocean, but in case of inflow from the flood, the increase of the inflow of the river water affects the level of the ocean. 4. As the dredge depth grows deep, the maximum flood tidal current and obb tidal current at the front coast of the reclaimed decreases a little. However, the wide area Pc-7~Pc-9 doesn't show any change. As we saw in the above result, feacturcs of the tidal current as the level of the ocean and the current velocity don't change in the aspect of the ocean engineering even if we increase the degree of the dredge depth up to 6m in Sachoˇn Bay