입원환자 간호관리료 차등제 도입이후 간호사 확보수준의 변화

조성현,전경자,김윤미,박보현 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2008 간호행정학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: To examine the changes in nurse staffing in hospitals after implementing the policy of differentiating inpatient nursing fees by staffing grades. Method: The study sample included 43 tertiary hospitals, 185 general hospitals, and 282 non-general hospitals that were operating in both 1999 and 2008. Nurse staffing grade was categorized from Grade 1 (highest) to 6 (lowest) in 1999 or Grade 7 in 2008, based on the nurse-to-bed ratio. Results: Tertiary hospitals at Grade 3 and Grade 4 accounted for 49% and 35%, respectively, in 2008, whereas 63% were Grade 6 in 1999. General hospitals at Grade 6 decreased from 87% to 48%. In non-general hospitals, little change was found in the staffing distribution, in that 92% still remained in Grade 6 or 7 in 2008. Forty tertiary hospitals (93%) and 45% of general hospitals improved their staffing grades, while only 7% of non-general hospitals did. Greater likelihood of improvement in staffing grades was found in general hospitals located in metropolitan areas or having 250 or more beds. Conclusion: Elaboration of the financial incentive system is needed to increase the policy impact on staffing improvement.

적외선열화상장치를 이용한 Buchanan plugger 표면의 온도상승 분석

최성아,김선호,황윤찬,윤창,오병주,최보영,정우남,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the temperature rise on various position of the Buchanan plugger, the peak temperature of plugger's type and the temperature change by its touching time of heat control spring. The heat carrier system 'System B' (Model 1005. Analytic Technologies, USA) and the Buchanan's pluggers of F, FM, M and ML sizes are used for this study. The temperature was set to 200℃ which Dr. Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended on digital display and the power level on it was set to 10. In order to apply heat on the Buchanan's pluggers, the heat control spring was touched for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 seconds respectively. The temperature rise on the surface of the pluggers were measured at 0.5 mm intervals from tip to 20 mm length of shank using the infraed thermography (Radiation Thermometer-IR temper, NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan) and TH31-702 Data capture software program (NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan). Data were analyzed using a one way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test and linear regression test. The results as follows. 1. The position at which temperature peaked was approximately at 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm far from the tip of Buchanan's pluggers (p<0.001). The temperature was constantly decreased toward the shank from the tip of it(p<0.001). 2. When the pluggers were heated over 5 seconds, the peak temperature by time of measurement revealed from 253.3±10.5℃ to 192.1±3.3℃ in a touch for 1 sec, from 218.6±5.0℃ to 179.5±4.2℃ in a touch for 2 sec, from 197.5±3.0℃ to 167.6±3.7℃ in a touch for 3 sec, from 183.7±2.5℃ to 159.8±3.6℃ in a touch for 4 sec and from 164.9±2.0℃ to 158.4±1.8℃ in a touch for 5 sec. A touch for 1 sec showed the highest peak temperature, followed by, in descending order, 2 sec, 3 sec, 4 sec. A touch for 5 sec showed the lowest peak temperature (p<0.001). 3. A each type of pluggers showed different peak temperatures. The peak temperature was the highest in F type and followed by, in descending order, M type, ML type. FM type revealed the lowest peak temerature (p<0.001). The results of this study indicated that pluggers are designed to concentrate heat at around its tip, its actual temperature dose not correlate well with the temperature which Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended, and finally a quick touch of heat control spring for 1 sec reveals the highest temperature rise.

Ar 이온에 의해 Sputtering된 Pt(111) 표면의 NO 흡착

이순보,부진효,이성용,박종윤,곽현태 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

Adsorption of nitric oxide on the Pt(111) surface sputtered by Ar-ion has been studied using thermal desorption spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and low energy electron diffraction. A thermal desorption spectrum obtained from the perfect Pt(111) saturated with NO at 300K is quite simillar to those reported previously. The main portion desorbs at about 370K(α-state) with a shoulder at about 470K(β-state). The chemisorption of nitric oxide is predominantly molecular on the Pt(111) surface, accompanied by a small amount of dissociation which becomes negligible when the Pt(111) surface is perfect. When the Pt(111) surface is sputtered by Ar-ion with 2KeV, the thermal desorption spectrum becomes quite complex. The shoulder peak, which appears on the perfect surface spectrum, increases with Ar-ion sputtering time. The maximum desorption spectra of N₂ and N₂O are observed simultaneously between 470 and 600K. The desorption mechanisms for N₂O are proposed. The increasing N₂ with the β-state of NO indicates that the β-state is a precursor to the NO dissociation.

신고리 지역 기상관측을 통한 계절별 대기안정도 특성분석

송상근,김유근,오인보,정주희,조윤미,우경은,강태훈 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 環境硏究報 Vol.21 No.-

In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of atmospheric stability to investigate local environment change at an atomic power plant in Gori region. The used data was obtained from field observation of major meteorological variables such as wind direction and speed, air temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation using AWS (Automatic Weather System) in Gori region from February to September in 2003. As a result, when strong northerly winds (more than 4~6 m/s) and weak northwesterly winds (2~3m/s) blow, atmospheric stability was neutral and stable from winter to spring, respectively. Atmospheric stability (neutral) in summer was similar to that in two other seasons (winter and spring), but it was stable for weak southwesterly winds (2~3 m/s). Finally, atmospheric stability was neutral for strong winds (over 4~6 m/s) in fall without respect to wind direction, while that was stable for very weak winds (less than 2 m/s).

초고진공 장치의 설계 및 제작과 LEED Optics에 의한 Auger Electron Spectrometer의 분해능 측정

이순보,박종윤,곽현태,부진효,이성용 성균관대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.42 No.2

A multipurpose Ultra High Vacuum chamber was designed and constructed in this laboratory. This enables us to be equipped with various analytical instruments such as Ar-ion gun LEED optics, Electron analyzer, and Quadrupole mass spectrometer etc. The 4-Grid LEED optics, a product of Omicron company in West Germany, was equipped with the UHV chamber and the LEED power supply was designed by this group. Turbo-C language figured out Auger spectra of the ad-species by means of the computer interface. The resolution of Auger electron spectrometer was measured with a constant primary electron beam energy. The results showed that the resolution was independent of the primary electron beam energy, but depends on the modulation voltage. Also, it was revealed that the resolution of 4-Grid optics was more improved than that of 3-Grid optics.

LPCD법에 의한 Tin박막의 전계 에미터 어레이 제작

조경제,이상윤,류정탁,김연보,이진호 大邱大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究 Vol.8 No.2

Using low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), TiN thin films as field emitter array were fabricated. In this Work, a method was transfered to a substrate and the wet-etching of the silicon substrate instead of fabricated method of mold shape was using in generally but we have fabricated gated field emitter tips as using mold shape of the new method that using a side wall space structure. Following sequences such as LPCVD method of a gate electrod and gate oxide on a silicon substrate and defesited BPSG thin film as a high temperature was flowed by the mold shape of a sharpen, the TiN as a materials of emitter tips was deposited after was bounded by anodic bonding and the wet-etching of the silicon substrate by using KOII solution, the last have fabricated a gated field emitter arrays of a sharpen. These emitters were estmated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

제주도 관광산업의 지역경제효과 분석

송재호,고성보,윤동구 제주대학교 경상대학 경영경제연구소 2000 경영경제연구 Vol.2 No.-

창원지역에서의 대기오염물질 배출량 산정

김유근,박상철,문윤섭,오인보,황미경 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

Emissions of air pollutants (TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC) was estimated in Changwon city that has the industrial complex and basin terrain. We found that the emissions of TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC were 897 tons, 3,287 tons, 5,706 tons, 10,057 tons, and 1,470 tons for a year, respectively and the main source of air pollutants were vehicle. The ratios of vehicle emissions to total emissions ware TSP 63.8%, SO2 26.1%, NO2 65.5%, CO 91.0%, HC 94.4%. The ratios of industry emissions to total emissions were TSP 30.8%, SO2 60.2%, NO2 25.2%, CO 6.4%, HC 3.7%. The ratio of life emissions to total emissions are TSP 5.4%, SO2 13.7%, NO2 9.3%, CO 2.6%, HC 1.9%. The concentration distributions of air pollutants simulated by ISCST3 model were similar to its emission distributions, and relatively high concentrations of air pollutants occurred in the Palyong-dong (industrial area) and Banlim and Chungang (residual area).

만성 B형 간염 환자의 급성 악화 후 발생한 피부 결절 다발동맥염과 류마티스관절염

이주현,김민,이준성,장선희,윤보영,이윤우 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa(CPAN) is a rare vascular disorder that affects small and medium-sized arteries in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It has been described as a distinct clinical entity with benign and a chronic prolonged course without systemic involvement. Hepatitis B virus-related polyarteritis nodosa (HBV-related PAN) is typical form of classic PAN. Its pathogenesis is not well known, but considered an immune complex-mediated disease. The patients with HBV-related PAN often present with malignant hypertension, orchitis, and vascular nephropathy. But, HBV-related CPAN has been rarely reported. Rheumatoid vasculitis is a complication of rheumatoid arthritis that can be lead to variety of clinically significant skin and systemic conditions, It has been reported before or at the time of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis but is usually seen an average of 10 to 14 years after arthritis onset. The histological features of cutaneous vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis overlapped both the characteristics of cutaneous necrotizing venulitis and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. But polyarteritis nodosa-like rheumatoid vasculitis has rarely been reported. We report a case of rheumatoid arthritis and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa in a chronic hepatitis B with acute exacerbation.

Genomic fingerprinting among isolates of Paenibacillus larvae, the Cause of American Foulbrood in Honey bees

Bo-Ram Yun(Bo-Ram Yun),Mi-Sun Yoo(Mi-Sun Yoo),Hyun-Ji Seo(Hyun-Ji Seo),Bang-Hun Hyun(Bang-Hun Hyun),Yun Sang Cho(Yun Sang Cho) 한국예방수의학회 2018 한국예방수의학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2018 No.-