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시금치에서 분리한 광계2 복합체의 불활성화와 재활성화에 대한 연구
全鉉植,朴仁虎,李惠珠,鮮于洋一,李鎭範 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.1
산소발생 기구의 불황성 및 재활성에 대한 시금치(Spinanacia oleracea L.)에서 분리한 광계 2복합체를 이용하여 산소발생 활성 및 전기영동을 통해 조사하였다. 이와 더불어 방출되는 형광양상을 함께 보았다. Tris와 urea를 처리하였을 경우 광계 2 복합체로부터 외재성 단백질인 33 kDa, 24 kDa, 18kDa이 제거되었고, NaCl을 처리하였을 경우에는 24 kDa과 18 kDa 단백질이 제거되었다. 이들 외재성 단백질의 제거에 따라 광계 2 복합체는 산소방출활성을 상실하여 불활성화 되었다. 불활성화가 이루어진 광계 2 복합체에 양이온을 첨가하였을 때, ?? 재활성화를 시키지 못하였으나 ?? NaCl을 처리하여 24 kDa과 18 kDa이 제거된 복합체에서 부분적으로 산소 발생 기능을 회복시켰다. 그러나 3개의 polypeptide가 모두 제거되는 Tris 및 urea의 처리는 ?? 첨가에도 활성의 회복이 나타나지 않았다. 한편 이들 외재성 단백질의 제거(특히 33 kDa)는 FⅤ의 뚜렷한 감소를 가져왔으며, 이는 안테나에 의한 열로서의 빛에너지의 소산에 기인할 것이라고 사료된다. Inactivation and reactivation of photosynthetic oxygen evolving complex were studied with isolated spinach (Spinacia oleraceda L.) photosystem Ⅱ particles by the activity of oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence. When the particles were treated with Tris and urea, the oxygen evolution was inactivated and three polypeptides having molecular weights of 33 kDa, 24 kDa and 18 kDa were simultaneously released. But in NaCl-treated particles, two polypeptides of 24 kDa and 18 kDa were removed from PS Ⅱ particles. The oxygen evolution activities of Tris and ureatreated particles were not restored by adding cation ions??, but the NaCl-treated particles were restored by exogenously added ??. The removal of these extrinsic polypeptides, especially 33 kDa, markedly showed the decrease of the variable fluorescence (Fv). These results are likely to be due to dissipate thermal energy by antenna of photosystem Ⅱ complexes.
옥수수 분리 엽록체에서의 엽록소 형광의 소멸과 광계 2의 Quantum Yield
이진범,박인호,이혜주,선우양일 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1
The relationship between quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ and quenching component of chlorophyll fluorecene has been investigated through a series of experiments on isolated maize mesophyll chloroplasts. The thylakoid membranes of higher plants possess several mechanisms that control both the distribution and the rate of dissipation of absorbed light. These mechanism allow regulation by external and internal factors. By using DCMU addition techniques, there is an advantage to be able to distinguish energy-dependent quenching (qE) from other components of non-photochemical quenching (qNP). At low light intensity, photochemical quenching (qQ) is major component of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching, while at high light intensity, qNP is major one, The relationship between qQ ans quantum yield of oxygen evolution (Φ_s) with incident light intensity was showed. The nonlinear relation is indicative of the decline in the intrinsic yield of photosystem Ⅱ (Φ_p) at high light intensity. Φ_p declined as the light intensity increased, which was inversely proportional to qE. The oxygen evolution was increased gradually as the temperature increases, but over 45℃, decreased rapidly. qE, qR (the remaining quenching) and qNP were continuously decreased, while qQ was rapidly increased over 30℃. The changes of (F_υ)_m/F_m on temperature may be presumably able to suggest that they are affected by the phophorylation of LHC Ⅱ. And interestingly, the changes of (F_υ)_m/F_m were very similiar with those of Φ_p.
Greening에 따른 보리 어린식물의 전자전달과 광인산화반응 활성의 변화
이진범,홍영남,이순희,조영동,권영명,Lee, Chin-Bum,Hong, Young-Nam,Lee, Sun-Hi,Cho, Young-Dong,Kwon, Young-Myung 생화학분자생물학회 1983 한국생화학회지 Vol.16 No.1
어두운 곳에서 7일간 기른 보리(Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Baecdong) 어린식물을 750 ft.c의 빛에서 greening시킬 때 일어나는 광화학반응 및 광인산반응의 변화를 분리 엽록체를 재료로 조사하였다. PS II+I의 활성은 greening 초기(4hr)에서 최대값을 보인 뒤 급속히 감소하다 8시간 이후부터 점진적으로 증가한 반면, PS I의 활성은 초기에서 보인 최대값은 PS II+I 활성과 같은 양상을 보였으나, 8시간 이후 오히려 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 PS II 활성은 greening 시킴에 따라 계속적으로 48시간까지 증가하였다. 엽록소 a와 b의 함량은 greening 되면서 급격히 증가하였으며, 특히 chl a/b 값은 8시간 이후에는 거의 3 : 1의 비율이 유지되었다. 광인산화반응이 얼어나지 않는 조건밑에서 엽록체 현탁액의 pH 변화는 빛에 의해 유발되었으며, 엽록소량으로 표시할 경우 acidity는 급격한 감소 현상을 보였고, 단백질량으로 표시한 경우에는 커다란 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 광얀산화반응은 16시간이내의 greening 처리를 한 보리의 분리 염록체에서는 검출되지 않았고, greening 시간을 24시간 이상으로 연장할 때 비로서 뚜렷한 ATP 형성에 의한 pH 변화가 관찰되었다. The development of activities of electron transport and photophosphorylation at various stages of greening was studied with the isolated chloroplast in dark-grown, 7-day-old barley seedlings. The activity of total photosystem(PS II+I) reached the peak at 4 hrs of illumination, after which it sharply decreased (FeCy, DCPIP, or MV as acceptor). After 8hrs greening it increased gradually. The activity of photosystem I (PS I) showed the similar pattern with that of PS II+I during the initial greening time, but it was decreased gradually after 8 hrs greening. That of photosystem II (PS II), however, was increased continuously up to 48hrs. The content of chlorophyll a and b increased abrubtly with greening and the ratio of chl a/b after 8 hrs of illumination reached about 3 : 1. In the absence of photophosphorylation, the pH changes of chloroplast suspension were induced by illumination. In these cases, the acidity per mg chlorophyll was decreased sharply whereas its per mg protein did not show great difference. The photophosphorylation was not detected in the isolated chloroplast within 16 hrs greening, and the pH change produced by ATP formation was observed after 24 hrs greening.
Exploring the Genetic Associations Between the Use of Statins and Alzheimer's Disease
이진범,박수현,김유민,김현민,오창명 한국지질동맥경화학회 2022 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.11 No.2
Objective Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The statins have shown beneficial effects on cognitive functions and reduced the risk of dementia development. However, the exact mechanisms of statin effects in AD are not yet fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of statin on AD. Methods We downloaded AD blood dataset (GSE63060) and statin-related blood gene expression dataset (GSE86216). Then we performed gene expression analysis of each dataset and compared blood gene expressions between AD patients and statin-treated patients. Then, we downloaded mouse embryonic neural stem cell dataset (GSE111945) and performed gene expression analysis. Results From the human blood dataset, we identified upregulated/downregulated genes in AD patients and statin-treated patients. Some of the upregulated genes (AEN, MBTPS1, ABCG1) in the blood of AD patients are downregulated in statin-treated patients. Several downregulated genes (FGL2, HMGCS1, PSME2, SRSF3, and ATG3) are upregulated in statin-treated patients. Gene set enrichment analysis using mouse stem cell dataset revealed a significant relationship of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-defined pathway of AD in statin-treated neural stem cells compared to vehicle-treated neural stem cells (normalized enrichment score: −2.24 in male and −1.6 in female). Conclusion These gene expression analyses from human blood and mouse neural stem cell demonstrate the important clues on the molecular mechanisms of impacts of statin on AD disease. Further studies are needed to investigate the exact role of candidate genes and pathways suggested in our AD pathogenesis study.
이진범,문병용 인제대학교 낙동강환경연구소 1993 심포지움(인제대학교 부설 환경연구소 발표논문집) Vol.- No.2
To find heavy metal-specific effects on the photosynthetic apparatus of higher plants, we investigated effects of CuCl_2, HgCl_2 and ZnCl_2 on electron transport activity and chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics of chloroplasts isolated from barley seedlings. Effects on some related processes such as germination, growth and photosynthetic pigments of the test plant were also studied. Germination and growth rate were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by these metals. Mercury was shown to be the most potent inhibitor of germination, growth and biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments of barley plants. In the inhibition of electron transport activity, quantum yield of photosystem (PS) II, and chlorophyll fluorescnece induction kinetics of chloroplasts isolated from barley seedlings, mercury chloride showed more pronounced effects than other two metals. Contrary to the effects of other two metals, HgCl_2 increased variable fluorescence significantly and abolished energy-dependent quenching (qE) in the fluorescence induction kinetics from broken chloroplasts of barley seedlings. This increase in variable fluorescence is due to the inhibition of the electron transport chain after PS II and the following dark reactions. The inhibition of qE could be attributed to the interruption of △pH formation and de-epoxidation of violaxathin to zeaxanthin in thylakoids by HgCl_2. This unique effect of HgCl_2 on chlorophyll fluorescence induction pattern could be used as a good indicator for testing the presence and/or the concentration of HgCl_2 in the samples contaminated with heavy metals.
옥수수 분리 엽록체에서의 엽록소 형광의 소멸과 광계 2의 Quantum Yield
이진범,박인호,이혜주,선우양일,Lee, Chin- Bum,Park, In-Ho,Lee, Hae-Joo,Sunwoo, Yang-Il 생화학분자생물학회 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.6
옥수수 엽육세포의 분리엽록체를 이용하여 환경요인(광 및 온도)에 따른 산소소비량과 방출되는 형광을 측정하여, 형광소멸 요인을 조사하고 이들과 광계 2의 quantum yield와의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 고등식물에 있어 틸라코이드 막은 흡수된 빛의 분포 및 소실을 조절하는 수개의 기작을 가지며, 이들은 내외의 여러 요인들에 의하여 조절되어진다(Horton et al., 1989), 'Light doubling techniques' 와 달리 DCMU처리에 의한 방법은 energy-dependent quenching(qE)을 확실히 구별할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 광의 세기가 낮을 때는 photochemical quenching(qQ)이 형광소멸의 주된 요인임을 알 수 있으며, 광의 세기가 높을수록 non-photochemical quenching(qNP)이 주된 요인이었다. qQ와 산소소비량에 대한 quantum yield$({\Phi}_s)$사이에는 nonlinear한 관계를 보였으며, 이는 높은 광에서 광계 2의 quantum yield(intrinsic yield, $({\Phi}_p)$의 감퇴를 나타낸다 하겠다. ${\Phi}_p$는 광도의 증가에 따라 감퇴하였으며, qE와 역비례 관계를 보였으나 ${\Phi}_p$의 감퇴는 qE의 상승에 기인하기 보다는 pH변화 등 다른 요인의 영향일 것이다. 온도상승에 따라 산소소비량은 증가하였으나, qE, qR 및 qNP는 계속적인 감소경향을 보였다. 한편, $(F_v){_m/F_m}$와 ${\Phi}_p$와의 관계는 변화양상이 매우 유사하여 linear관계를 가질 것으로 사료되며, 이와 같은 관계를 가질 경우, 안테나에서의 열손실이 중요한 요인으로 작용할 것이다. The relationship between quantum yield of photosystem II and quenching component of chlorophyll fluorecene has been investigated through a series of experiments on isolated maize mesophyll chloroplasts. The thylakoid membranes of higher plants possess several mechanisms that control both the distribution and the rate of dissipation of absorbed light. These mechanism allow regulation by external and internal factors. By using DCMU addition techniques, there is an advantage to be able to distinguish energy-dependent quenching (qE) from other components of non-photochemical quenching (qNP). At low light intensity, photochemical quenching (qQ) is major component of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching, while at high light intensity, qNP is major one, The relationship between qQ ans quantum yield of oxygen evolution $({\Phi}_s)$ with incident light intensity was showed. The nonlinear relation is indicative of the decline in the intrinsic yield of photosystem II $({\Phi}_p)$ at high light intensity. ${\Phi}_p$ declined as the light intensity increased, which was inversely proportional to qE. The oxygen evolution was increased gradually as the temperature increases, but over $45^{\circ}C$, decreased rapidly. qE, qR (the remaining quenching) and qNP were continuously decreased, while qQ was rapidly increased over $30^{\circ}C$. The changes of $(F_v){_m/F_m}$ on temperature may be presumably able to suggest that they are affected by the phophorylation of LHC II. And interestingly, the changes of $(F_v){_m/F_m}$ were very similiar with those of ${\Phi}_p$.