7. 極地에서의 海洋建設

李忠東(이충동) 대한토목학회 1986 대한토목학회지 Vol.34 No.6

NF-κB 신호전달과정의 음성적 조절 -배아줄기세포에서의 조절을 포함하여

이충일 ( Choong Il Lee ),심상형 ( Sang Hhyung Sim ),김영은 ( Young Eun Kim ),황유원 ( Yoo Weon Hwang ),하양화 ( Yang Hwa Ha ),한재민 ( Jae Min Han ),김경아 ( Kyeong A Kim ),황보은 ( Eun Hwang Bo ),이영희 ( Young Hee Lee ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2010 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.7 No.3

NF-κB is a transcriptional factor which is involved in many biological processes including immunity, inflammation, and cell survival. Many investigators studied on the mechanism involved in activation of NF-κB signalling pathway via ubiquitination and degradation of IkB. Recently, termination of NF-κB signaling after activation is regarded as another essential regulating step. In addition to the negative feedback by IkB protein, ubiquitination and degradation of nuclear p65/RelA, a crucial subunit of NF-κB, is considered another mechanism to terminate the NF-κB signaling. COMMD1, PDLIM2, GCN5 and NMRAL1 are recently reported as proteins related with p65/ RelA ubiquitination. Interestingly, ubiquitination and degradation of p65/RelA through viral protein was also found in the process of viral infection to escape from host defence mechanism. In contrast with somatic cells, expression of NF-κB is relatively low in undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells, and activity of NF-κB is down-regulated by Nanog via direct interaction. Furthermore, enforced expression of NF-κB resulted in differentiation suggesting that down regulation of NF-κB contributes to the maintenance of ES cells. Therefore, better understanding on the negative regulation of NF-κB signaling in somatic cells as well as in ES cells might give more insights into therapeutics targeting NF-κB signaling.

족무지 근위지골 골절(소위 안전화 골절)에 대한 임상적 고찰

이충동,장재완,임봉열,정희영,신동배,안영화 대한골절학회 1990 대한골절학회지 Vol.3 No.1

The heavy labours have been using the safety shoes widespreadly in recent years and the incidence of the tae injuries have been significantly reduced largely due to the increased effectiveness of the steel tae cap in the safety shoes. When heavy material fall over the foot dorsum wearing safety shoes, toe cap was rotated backward and tapped the proximal phalanx of the great tae, and so the displaced fracture of the proximal phalanx occurred largely by distraction. We have reviewed 67 cases among 80 cases, which resulted in many complication such as delayed union, nonunion, and rnalunion etc… So we suggest the methad of treatment and the modification of toe cap in safety shoes.

조셉 콘래드 소설의 공간과 인물 연구 -『암흑의 핵심』 을 중심으로

이충만 ( Chung Man Lee ),이승하 ( Seung Ha Lee ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2014 현대영미소설 Vol.21 No.3

This study analyzes the space of Joseph Conrads` novel focusing on The Heart Of Darkness. The space consists of three types; Europe/Africa, Asia, and the Sea, they are linked closely and dealt with the medium to control character`s walk. The spaces are described as having individuality and independency, such conditions contain both social and political specificity. That`s the reason Conrads` novel has a political feature. Europe is depicted as the space rooted in imperialism, characters are from Europe, so Europe is the space they form their ways to think as their fundamental footing. Europe means the producing center of imperialism, Africa is the space of shamanism mixed with insanity from vast natural environment, primitive civilization and imperialism. It is based on both innate and acquired features by Europeans` invasion of Africa. Asia is depicted as having more potentiality than Africa although they are similar in a natural environment as well as culture. Unlike Africa, Asia is the affirmative and ideal space overcoming imperialism, the Sea in Conrads` novel is a powerful space. It makes connection between lands but is safe from the influence of the lands, So it is in neutral. In such a space, characters reflect on themselves beyond the effect of space. According to the main theme, the spaces are selected among four and this makes the various combination of space. That`s the reason the space of Joseph Conrads` novel is complicated in spite of only four kinds of space. Joseph Conrad`s how to use spaces in a novel is meaningful to a Korean novel. Korea experienced the colonialization of Japan, and still is under the influence of the United States Of America`s military, economical, and cultural aspects. Also, the space in Korean novel has become smaller gradually by industrialization and urbanization. Therefore, it is crucial for Korea`s novel to study Joseph Conrads` way to use spaces to enhance the political and social views of spaces and stimulate the prosperity of spaces.

한국 남해에서 10월과 12월의 수온역전현상이 성층변동에 미치는 영향

이충일,구도형 해양환경안전학회 2009 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.15 No.3

1999년 10월, 12월의 국립수산과학원 정선관측 자료를 이용하여 수온역전 현상이 성층변동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 10월, 12월 모두 수심 25-75m 사이에서 수온역전현상이 빈번하게 발생하며, 12월에는 표층 부근에도 수온역전현상이 나타났다. 고온, 고염분수인 쓰시마난류의 수평 이류가 10월, 12월에 나타나는 수온역전현상의 주원인으로 작용하며, 12월에는 연안역에서 외양역으로 수송되는 차가운 표층수의 영향이 함께 작용한다. 10월에는 북풍이 지속적으로 불지만 남해연안수가 외해역으로 확장하는 현상이 뚜렷하지 않는 반면, 북서풍계열의 풍속이 강해지고 쓰시마난류의 세력이 약해지는 12월에는 남해연안수가 상층부를 통해 외해역으로 확장하면서 수온역전현상을 나타나게 한다. 10월과 12월 모두 수온역전현상이 발생하는 해역을 따라 성층의 변동폭이 크게 나타난다. In order to illustrate the effects of water temperature inversion on the stratification variation in the South Sea of Korea, water temperature, salinity, and density measured in October and December 1999 by National Fisheries Research and Development Institute were reviewed. In October and December of 1999, temperature inversion occurred mainly between 25m and 75m, and in particular in depth of water, in December temperature inversion layer also was formed in the surface layer. In case of October and December, the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC), warm and saline water, was one of motors, and in December, influence of surface cold water was added Although northerly wind prevails in October and December, in October, expanding of the South Korean Coastal Waters (SKCW) towards offshore is not clear, but in December when wind speed is relatively greater than that in October and strength of the TWC become weak, the SKCW spreads towards offshore through the upper layer. Stratification variation was higher along the area where temperature inversion occurred.

대형 해양구조물 해석과 컴퓨터 이용

이충동,김준오 한국전산구조공학회 1988 전산구조공학 Vol.1 No.2

장애인올림픽 ( Paralympics ) 의 국내 현황과 발전방향

이충일(Chung Il Lee),황부근(Boo Geun Hwang),이상덕(Sang Duk Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2002 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.17 No.-

The purpose of this study is to exam the conditions and the problems, which were revealed by taking part in Sidney paralympics in 2000, of the area of finance, facilities, welfare and the press report about the national paralympics, and to grope for effective improvement and development as follows ; First, the government must expand finance for the people with disabilities physical culture. The government has to amplify the budget by national funds, and for the national sports-promotion-funds in order to extend and become active of national sports of the handicapped and paralympics. In addition, political organizations should prepare the ways to draw a donation and support. Second, it is necessary to establish a training ground for only people with disabilities and to expand the facilities that can held many international or national meetings for them. Furthermore, there is necessity to construct new facilities for the people with disabilities or repair the existed facilities which they cannot use so far and to opened for them. Third, it is needed to held contests for a pension and to realize an equality of a pension comparing with the normal. It is urgent to grope for well-being acceleration of employment for people with disability athletes such as establishing a business team, training the people with disabilities as a leader, and introducing them proper jobs. Fourth, the press including broadcasting have to pay attention to inform about sports of people with disabilities in order to attract people`s concern and to cause the transition of conscious for the people with disabilities.

인권영향평가의 제도화 방안에 관한 연구

이충은 ( Lee Choong-eun ),노진석 ( Noh Jin-seok ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2018 法과 政策 Vol.24 No.2

인권영향평가라는 것은 국가 및 지방자치단체에서 시행하는 정책 및 사업과정에서 인권에 미치는 부정적 영향을 방지하고, 긍정적인 영향을 극대화하기 위한 것으로, 각종 법령·제도, 정책 그리고 사업이 시행되기 전에 인권약자에게 미칠 수 있는 부정적인 영향을 제거하거나 최소화함으로써, 양극화를 방지하고, 나아가서는 사회적 정의를 실현할 수 있는 매우 유용한 제도다. 우리나라는 환경영향평가, 부패영향평가, 성별영향평가, 교통영향평가, 개인정보영향평가 등 많은 사회영향평가 제도를 시행하고 있지만, 인권의 측면에서 중앙정부가 영향평가를 하는 경우는 존재하지 않으며, 일부 지방자치단체에서 조례를 근거로 시행하고 있을 뿐이다. 인권침해는 언제 어디서든 일어날 수 있으며, 그 침해를 가장 많이 겪는 피해자는 지역의 구성원이다. 그러한 면에서 인권 침해의 피해를 최소화 할 수 있는 인권영향평가는 가장 효과적인 조치라 할 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 인권영향평가가 법률로서 제도화되지 못하여 여러 지방자치단체에서 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 사회적 약자 및 소수자뿐만 아니라 일반 국민 모두가 권리로서 인권을 당당히 추구하고, 국가 및 지방자치단체의 각종 법령·제도, 정책 그리고 사업의 무분별한 시행으로 모든 국민이 인권침해를 입지 않도록 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 그 제도적 장치로서 인권영향평가의 제도화 방안을 제시하고 있다. 인권영향평가의 제도화는 인권 행정의 핵심제도가 될 것이고, 사회적 갈등을 최소화함으로써 행정의 효율성, 경제성뿐만 아니라 공공성을 확보하여 일상생활에서 국민의 인권증진에 이바지할 수 있을 것이다. As a system that could prevent negative effects and maximize positive effects on human rights in the process of projects and policies enforced by the state and local government, the human rights impact assessment is a very useful system that could prevent the polarization, and furthermore, practice the social justice by removing or minimizing the negative effects on human rights before the enforcement of all sorts of legislation, system, policy, and project. Even though Korea has many social impact assessments, such as environmental impact assessment, corruption impact assessment, gender impact assessment, traffic impact evaluation, and personal information impact assessment, there are no cases of impact assessment in the aspect of human rights. Such human rights impact assessment is only conducted in the level of local government based on ordinances. The violation of human rights could happen anytime and anywhere, and the most effective action to minimize damages from the violation of human rights is the human rights impact assessment. For this reason, the institutionalization of human rights impact assessment could be a core system of human rights administration, and also contribute to the enhancement of residents’ human rights in daily life by securing the efficiency, economic feasibility, and publicness of administration by minimizing social conflicts. Institutional devices should be provided so that not only the socially weak and minority, but also the general public can pursue human rights as rights, and all citizens are not infringed by various laws, regulations, policies and projects of the national and local governments something to do. Thus, this paper suggests the institutionalization measures of human rights impact assessment.

점진적인 탄성저항 훈련이 기능성 척추측만의 Cobb 각과 신체구성에 미치는 영향

이충일(Chung Il Lee),박찬길(Chan Gil Park) 한국사회체육학회 2009 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.35

정상임신에서 양수지수에 따른 임상적 의의

이충일,선우재근,장경택,배동한 대한산부인과학회 1996 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.77 No.-