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Poly(ADP-ribose)Polymerase 억제제가 신생백서의 저산소성 허혈성 뇌손상에 미치는 영향/1H 자기공명분광법을 이용한 연구
황현숙,이정희,박평환,석은하,임근호,곽미정 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.42 No.2
Background : Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has been described as an important candidate for mediation of neurotoxicity after brain ischemia. This study was purposed to evaluate the effects of a PARP inhibitor on hypoxic-ischemic injury in the neonatal rat brain. In this study, a highly potent inhibitor of PARP, 3, 4-Dihydro-5-[4-(1-piperidinyl) butoxy]-1 (2H)-isoquinolinone (DPQ) was investigated. Methods : Seven-day old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were used. The right common carotid artery was ligated under halothane anesthesia. After a recovery period of 3 hours, they were exposed to 8% oxygen at 37℃ for about 120 minutes. The animals were divided into four groups: the pre-treatment group (n = 13) and post-treatment group (n = 21) were given DPQ 10 ㎎/㎏ and the pre-control group (n = 7) and post-control group (n = 14) were given a vehicle for controls. Pre-treatment and pre-control groups were injected 30 minutes prior to the hypoxic injury while post-treatment and post-control groups were injected 30 minutes after the hypoxic period intraperitoneally. The right cerebral hemisphere of the rats were examined with localized ^1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy on day 1 and 7 after the hypoxic insult. Lipid/N-acetyl aspartate (Lip/NAA) and lipid/creatine (Lip/Cr) ratios were used as apoptotic markers. On day 14, the degree of brain injury was scored by morphological changes. Results : In the DPQ treated groups, the Lip/NAA and Lip/Cr ratios were lower than those of the control groups on day 1 after the hypoxic-ischemic injury (P < 0.05). However on day 7, only the ratios of the pre-treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The degree of morphological changes of the brain injury on day 14 were lower in the DPQ treated groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions : These results suggest that DPQ exerts a neuroprotective effect in cerebral hypoxicischemic injury probably by inhibiting apoptosis especially in the early stage after an insult. Acute inhibiton of PARP can have a therapeutic value in preventing ischemic brain injury. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 42: 228~240)
K-POP의 세계 대중음악 진출에 대한 담론- 가수 싸이 신드롬을 중심으로 -
황현숙 한국음악교육공학회 2013 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.17
Psy, one of the most popular South Korean singers in the world, has caused a big sensation of K-POP in the global pop music culture. In line with that, the objective study of the K-POP sensation driven by Psy is expected to provide key implications for the future expansion of K-POP music to the global pop music industry. Thus, the objective of this study is to review the activities and achievements that Psy has made worldwide, and to suggest what should be noted and needed in order to further improve the sustainability and influence of K-POP music in the global pop music market. Through maintaining objectivity, this study focused on coming up with better measures to enhance the strengths and overcome the weaknesses of K-POP, and to develop the status of K-POP music worldwide. In addition, this study highlighted the importance of promoting active exchange with global pop music to advance Korean pop music and develop its influence in the global market. 가수 싸이는 세계 대중음악계에 K-POP의 신드롬을 일으켰다. 이러한 현상은 매우 고무적인 것으로서 이에 대한 연구는 장차 K-POP의 세계 대중음악 진출에 대한 주요한 시사점을 제공할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 각 선행연구와 이론적 고찰을 통하여 K-POP의 변화 연구 및 분석을 토대로 한국 대중음악의 과도기를 제시하며 그 과도기에 따른 K-POP의 문제점을 제시하고자 한다. 또한 K-POP과 POP이 정립된 변화를 토대로 중흥된 시기와 의미, 공통점 등을 통하여 현재 가수 싸이가 빌보드 차트에 영향을 미친 영향처럼 K-POP이 세계 대중음악에 미치는 영향과 해외진출을 담론하고자 하고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 가수 싸이의 신드롬을 중심으로 K-POP의 세계 대중음악 진출을 시장 현황과 한류 스타 진출 사례 등 맥락적 배경을 근거하여 살펴보고 그 지속 가능성과 영향력을 높이기 위한 향후 과제가 무엇인지에 대해 담론하는데 있다.
The Effect of Soleus Passive Stretching on the Range of Motion of the Ankle Joint
황현숙,최정현 국제물리치료연구학회 2016 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.7 No.1
In this study, 20 men and women in their 20s were divided into a footboard passive stretching group and a manual passive stretching group. After stretching was applied to the soleus for 5 weeks, a comparative analysis was performed on the range of motion(ROM) of the ankle joint to determine changes in the flexibility of the soleus. Both the footboard stretching group and manual stretching group first performed stretching for 15 sec, followed by a 10-sec break. One set consisted of performing the above process twice consecutively, and each group had to perform five sets in total. A goniometer was used as a measuring instrument. The results of the experiment were analyzed using a nonparametric analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Mann–Whitney test. SPSS WIN 18.0 was employed for the statistical analysis. In terms of the comparison of the flexibility before and after the experiment according to the different interventions, the application of footboard stretching to the soleus for 5 weeks resulted in 3.2°right dorsiflexion (p=.009), 6.98°right plantar flexion(p=.008), 4.14°left dorsiflexion(p=.005), and 10.97°left plantar flexion(p=.007), which were all statistically significant increases. The application of manual stretching led to 6.04°right dorsiflexion( p=.005), 12.14°right plantar flexion(p=.005), 7.00°left dorsiflexion (p=.008), and 16.38°left plantar flexion(p=.005). Therefore, both footboard stretching and manual stretching were effective in enhancing the flexibility of the soleus. However, statistically significant larger increases in the ROM of the ankle joint were observed in the manual stretching group.