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      • KCI등재
      • 고고도 장기체공 전기 동력 무인기 형상 설계

        황승재,김상곤,이융교,김철완 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

        한국항공우주연구원(KARI)은 2010년부터 고고도 장기체공 전기 동력 무인기 기반기술 확보를 위해 다양한 전기추진 무인기들을 설계 제작하여 비행시험을 수행하고 있는 중이다. 그동안 설계 제작하여 4년 동안 수행한 비행시험을 바탕으로 성층권 상승성능 시연기(EAV-3)를 설계하였다. 가로세로비(AR=17.4)가 크고 유연날개 구조를 가지는 초경량(총중량∼47Kg) 기체로 주 날개(날개길이 19.5m) 및 꼬리날개 설계 시 일반 항공기와 다른 주 날개 굽힘(bending)과 저속 비행(V_cr=6m/sec)으로 인한 측풍에 취약한 부분 등이 고려되어 설계 되었다. KARI is developing in order to secure system and operational technology of the solar-electric powered HALE UAV since 2010. Base on the flight tests and designing experience of the EAV-1, EAV-2, EAV-2H and EAV-2H+, KARI"s HALE UAV(EAV-3) is designed. EAV-3 has aspect ratio of 17.4, a flexible wing. takeoff weight about 47kg and wing span 19.5m. Designing the main wing and empennage of the EAV-3 the amount of the bending due to the flexible wing and side wind effects due to low cruise speed(V_cr=6m/sec) is considered.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • 고고도 장기체공 태양광 무인기 형상 설계

        황승재,김상곤,이융교,김철완 한국항공우주학회 2015 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

        한국항공우주연구원(KARI)은 2010년부터 고고도 장기체공 전기 동력 무인기 기반기술 확보를 위해 다양한 전기추진 무인기들을 설계 제작하여 비행시험을 수행하고 있는 중이다. 그동안 설계 제작하여 4년동안 수행한 비행시험을 바탕으로 고고도 장기체공 태양광 전기추진 무인기 EAV-3을 설계하였다. 가로 세로비 17.4에 유연날개 구조를 가지는 총중량 48Kg, 기체 구조 중량 21kg의 기체로 주 날개 길이 19.5m에 형상 설계 시 일반 항공기와 다른 주 날개 굽힘(bending, 404mm@1-G, T-800급 복합재료기준)과 저속 비행(V_cr=5.8m/sec)으로 인한 측풍에 취약한 부분 등이 고려되어 설계 되었다. 또한 그동안 수행한 비행시험과 비행 중 무게 중심의 변화가 없는 전기 동력 무인기의 특성을 반영하여 정적여유(Static Margin 28.4%)와 비행체의 무게 중심(31% MAC)을 설계하여 비행 성능을 향상 시켰다. Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) is developing a solar-electric powered HALE UAV in order to secure system and operational technology since 2010. Based on the flight tests and design experience of the previously developed electric-driven UAVs, KARI has designed EAV-3, a solar-electric powered HALE UAV. EAV-3 weighs 48kg, the structure weight is 21kg, and features a flexible wing of 19.5m in span with the aspect ratio of 17.4. Designing the main wing and empennage of the EAV-3 the amount of the bending due to the flexible wing, 404mm at 1-G flight condition based on T-800 composite material, and side wind effects due to low cruise speed, V_cr=5.8m/sec, are considered. Also, unlike the general aircraft there is no center of gravity shift during the flight because of the EAV-3 is a solar-electric driven UAV. Thus, static margin cuts down to 28.4% and center of gravity moves back to 31% Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC) to upgrade a flight performance of the EAV-3.

      • KCI등재

        1999년과 2007년 전국 비교를 위한 소아 천식 환자의보호자 삶의 질 설문에 대한 예비 연구

        황승재,민재웅,이세민,김창렬,염명걸,이하백,오재원 대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 2008 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.18 No.2

        Purpose:Childhood asthma is one of the most frequent chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract and can have profound effects on emotional, and economical aspects not only for childhood asthma patients, but also the patient's caregivers. The research on health-related quality of life is increasing worldwide for clinical assessment of asthma; it was also performed has been done in Korea in 1999 under the supervision of The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD). We compared and evaluated the data from the questionnaire between 1999 and 2007 in order to obtain the pilot data for a nation-wide study on the life quality of childhood asthma caregivers. Methods:We selected childhood asthma patients at the Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital and Guri Hospital. The contents and categories of the questionnaire were identical with the one developed by KAPARD, the questionnaire were filled up twice at first & second visit, divided into emotion and activity domains. All items were rated on a 5 scores from 1 to 5: 1, a lower quality of life; and 5, a satisfactory quality of life. For the validity of the study, the caregivers filled up the first and the second questionnaire at least at 1-week intervals the measurement of forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1) at each time and also added an item in the second questionnaire which compared the difference between 2 visits, subsequently scoring +5 for the most improved state, -5 for the most aggravated state and 0 for the stationary state. We divided the patients into the stable and changed groups according the total score of the second questionnaire: the stable group had the score of -1, 0 or +1, and the changed group, +5 to +2 and -2 to -5. We analyzed the differences scores between the first and the second questionnaire from the changed group with the paired t test. Results:In this study, may higher scores in the second visit suggested successful management of asthma may contribute to the improvement in the caregiver's quality of life. Particularly, items such as "Frustration", "Embarrassment", "Worry about daily works" and "Concern about side effect of medicine" have been improved in the emotion domain, and "sleepless", "Night awakening", and "Disturbance of housework" in the activity domain. Between 1999 and 2007, "Concerning", and "Concern about ordinary works" has been improved in the first visit, and "Disturbance of houseworks", “Worry about daily works” and "Concern about side effects of medicine" in the second visit. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that there may be no significant different items regarding the quality of life between the stable and changed groups, suggesting that our questionnaire can be applicable to clinical practice. Purpose:Childhood asthma is one of the most frequent chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract and can have profound effects on emotional, and economical aspects not only for childhood asthma patients, but also the patient's caregivers. The research on health-related quality of life is increasing worldwide for clinical assessment of asthma; it was also performed has been done in Korea in 1999 under the supervision of The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD). We compared and evaluated the data from the questionnaire between 1999 and 2007 in order to obtain the pilot data for a nation-wide study on the life quality of childhood asthma caregivers. Methods:We selected childhood asthma patients at the Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital and Guri Hospital. The contents and categories of the questionnaire were identical with the one developed by KAPARD, the questionnaire were filled up twice at first & second visit, divided into emotion and activity domains. All items were rated on a 5 scores from 1 to 5: 1, a lower quality of life; and 5, a satisfactory quality of life. For the validity of the study, the caregivers filled up the first and the second questionnaire at least at 1-week intervals the measurement of forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1) at each time and also added an item in the second questionnaire which compared the difference between 2 visits, subsequently scoring +5 for the most improved state, -5 for the most aggravated state and 0 for the stationary state. We divided the patients into the stable and changed groups according the total score of the second questionnaire: the stable group had the score of -1, 0 or +1, and the changed group, +5 to +2 and -2 to -5. We analyzed the differences scores between the first and the second questionnaire from the changed group with the paired t test. Results:In this study, may higher scores in the second visit suggested successful management of asthma may contribute to the improvement in the caregiver's quality of life. Particularly, items such as "Frustration", "Embarrassment", "Worry about daily works" and "Concern about side effect of medicine" have been improved in the emotion domain, and "sleepless", "Night awakening", and "Disturbance of housework" in the activity domain. Between 1999 and 2007, "Concerning", and "Concern about ordinary works" has been improved in the first visit, and "Disturbance of houseworks", “Worry about daily works” and "Concern about side effects of medicine" in the second visit. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that there may be no significant different items regarding the quality of life between the stable and changed groups, suggesting that our questionnaire can be applicable to clinical practice.

      • KCI등재

        Growth of Phalaenopsis in an Ebb-and-Flow System as Affected by Ionic Strength of Solution

        황승재,정병룡 한국원예학회 2006 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.47 No.2

        Despite rapidly growing demand for potted Phalaenopsis worldwide, information to incorporate hydroponic system and horticultural medium, both of which are widely used for the mass production of uniform ornamental crops, is scarce. Effects of ionic strength of nutrient solution and feasibility of incorporating a horticultural growing medium for the culture of potted Phalaenopsis TanigawaYukimai Dream W256 and W257 in an ebb-and-flow system were examined. Clonal micropropagules were cultured in a conventional (a solid fertilizer and overhead irrigation) vs. an ebb-and-flow system with three ionic strengths (1/4 S, 1/2 S, or 1 S) of a nutrient solution formulated by Ichihashi. Pots were filled with either sphagnum moss (conventional) or a mixture of commercial medium and sphagnum moss (80:20, v/v). Plants were fertigated when water potential of the medium reached to 10 kPa. The pH and nutrient concentrations in the solution were monitored and adjusted twice a month. Number of leaves was significantly different among different ionic strengths and medium treatments. Plants grown in the mixture of commercial medium and sphagnum moss and fed with a 1/2 S solution had the greatest leaf length and width.

      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재

        멀티콥터 풍동시험

        황승재,조태환,김양원,정진덕 항공우주시스템공학회 2017 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.11 No.6

        In order to improve the safety of the multi-copter, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) performed a wind-tunnel test using an octocopter with the maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of 28 kg. The wind-tunnel test was performed with three different RPM ranges, 3,500, 4,500 and 5,500 rpm, and three different wind speeds, 3.5, 5 and 7 m/sec. The tested range of the angle of attacks was –40° to 20° degree and ±90° degree. Vortex ring state (VRS) of the tested multi-copter was located around the vertical descending speed of 6 m/sec and the decrement of thrust was about 13 % at the time of testing. Compared with the single propeller wind-tunnel test result, the propeller efficiency of the octocopter dropped to 10 to 15% depending on the propeller RPM. It is hypothesized that the obtained aerodynamic characteristics by the wind-tunnel test will be used to improve the performance and wind resistance of the multi-copter. 한국항공우주연구원(KARI)이 보유하고 있는 개방형 풍동에서 최대이륙중량 28 kg급 옥터콥터(octocopter)를 시험모델로 상승·하강기류, 측풍, 전단류와 같은 악기상에 대한 대처 능력을 향상 시키고와류고리상태(VRS)와 같은 공기역학적 현상을 규명하여 와류고리상태(VRS) 진입 예방 및 탈출할 수 있는 기술들을 연구하고자 풍동시험을 수행하였다. 소형무인기 풍동시험은 풍속 3.5, 5, 7 m/sec, 회전수3,500, 4,500, 5,550rpm 조건에서 받음각 –40°~+20° 도, ±90° 도, 요각 0° 도와 45° 도로 변화시켜가며 6분력을 측정하여 공력 DB를 작성하였다. 멀티콥터 수직 하강 시험 시 하강속도 6 m/sec에서 와류고리상태의 최고점(VRS peak)이 나타나고, 이 때 약 13 % 정도의 추력감소가 나타났다. 프로펠러 및 동체 상호 간섭에 의한 성능저하 여부를 판단하기 위해 프로펠러 조합을 변화시켜가며 시험을 수행한 결과 단일 프로펠러 대비 최대 15 % 정도의 성능 저하가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이번 시험으로 확보한 자료들은 소형무인기 운용 시 경험하게 되는 악기상에 대처하여 안전성과 생존성을 증대시키기 위한 기술개발 기초자료로 활용될 예정이다.

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