은행나무 접목묘의 모수 지역별에 따른 엽 추출물의 flavonol glycosides 및 terpene lactones 함량 특성

황석인 ( Suk In Hwang ),이위영 ( Wi Young Lee ),이문호 ( Moon Ho Lee ),이병실 ( Byoung Sil Lee ),장용석 ( Yong Seok Jang ),이욱 ( Uk Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2004 한국산림과학회지 Vol.93 No.5

Ginkgo tree, Ginkgo biloba L. is a dioecious, coniferous species which is valuable for timber, nuts and high tolerance to air pollution. Also, this species is one of the tree species increasingly explored by medicinal chemists due to its pharmaceutically active leaf terpenes and flavonoids. To clarify the contents of flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones in the leaf, the clonal grafts having the large fruit and high productivity were planted in the same place, and compared with the sites effect of their mother trees. The flavonol glycosides contents showed significant difference among sites of their mother trees; The leaf extracts collected from Jeonnam and Chungnam had higher amounts of flavonol glycosides than those collected from Gyeonggi, China and Chungbuk. However, no significant difference was found in the amount of terpene lactones of extracts among sites of their mother tree. Superior seed bearing trees contented more terpene lactones with significant difference than those of the control trees,but the flavonol glycoside contents didn`t show significant difference between both of them. The contents of terpene lactones in Ginkgo tree leaf were less affected on sites effect than that of flavonol glycosides. In these result, we can suppose that selection of Ginkgo tree getting higher contents of terpene lactones is to get high extraction efficiency for useful substances from the leaf extract.

감나무애매미충, Zorka sp. (매미목: 애매미충아과)에 의한 감 (Diosprosi kaki) 피해 보고

황인천,임태헌,이석준,박정규,추호렬,이동운,Hwang, In-Cheon,Lim, Tae-Heon,Lee, Suk-Jun,Park, Chung-Gyoo,Choo, Ho-Yul,Lee, Dong-Woon 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.48 No.4

2008년 6월 15일 경북 상주의 상주둥시 감나무 (Diospyrosi kaki)에서 매미충이 채집되었다. 매미충은 감나무 잎에 심각한 피해를 주고 있었으며 Zorka속의 신종으로 확인되었다. 피해 잎은 앞면쪽에 1 mm 이하의 흰색 반점이 엽맥 주위부에 형성되었고, 피해가 심해지면 잎 전체에 반점이 형성되었다. 엽당 4마리 밀도로 접종 시 4일 후부터 피해 흔적이 확인되었다. 2008년과 2009년 6월에서 8월 사이 6개도 11개 시 군 감나무 과원에서 Zorka sp.에 의한 피해지역을 조사하였다. 조사과원 중 15.4%인 22개 과원에서 피해가 확인되었다. 충북 영동지역에서는 40.7%의 과원이 피해를 받고 있었고, 전북 완주지역에서는 33.3%가 피해를 받고 있었다. 반면 남부지역인 경남과 제주지역에서는 피해 과원이 없었다. 피해과원이 많았던 충북 영동지역의 경우 11개 피해 과원 중 9개 과원이 포도밭과 인접해 있었다. A leafhopper, Zorka sp. was collected from a persimmon (Diospyrosi kaki, cv SangjuDungsi) orchard in Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea on 15 June, 2008. This leafhopper gave a serious damage to persimmon leaves, being a new pest to persimmon. This leafhopper was tentatively identified as Zorka sp., which has not been recorded in the science. White spots of <1mm-circle occurred around the vein of damaged leaves. Most part of leaf was turned to white when heavy infection occurred. The first symptom occurred from 4 days after introduction of Zorka sp. (4 adults/persimmon leaf). We investigated the occurrence of Zorka sp. in the persimmon orchards in Korea from 2008 to 2009. Total 143 orchards from 11 cities in 6 provinces were observed from July to August. The damage caused by Zorka sp. was found in 22 orchards (15.4%) of the investigated. According to locality, 40.7% of orchards were damaged in Yeongdong, Chungcheongbuk-do and 33.3% in Wanju, Jeollabuk-do. However, no damage was observed from the orchards in Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeju-do, south part of Korea. Especially, 9 of 11 orchards in Youngdong were located close to grapevine yards.

서해 영광 연안 수산자원 2 . Otter Trawl 어획자원의 종조성

황선도(Sun Do Hwang),임양재(Yang Jae Lim),송홍인(Hong In Song),최용석(Yong Suk Choi),문형태(Hyung Tae Moon) 한국수산과학회 1998 한국수산과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

Demersal fishery resources were collected by an otter trawl in May, August and November 1996 at 9 stations off Youngkwang. And they were compared with the data obtained by a stow net. Of 73 species identified, assemblages were consisted of 63.0% in fish, 14% in shrimps, 14% in crabs, 5% in cephalopods and 3% in gastropods. Johnius grypotus, Palaemon gravieri, Crangon hakodatei, Cynoglossus joyneri, Collichthys niveatus predominated in abundance, consisting of 64.4% in the number of individuals. Catch by an otter trawl consisted mainly of demersal fishery resources, while catch by a stow net consisted mainly of pelagic fishery resources.

다낭성 난소 증후군 환자에서 체중과 임신이 내분비 양상 및 당 대사에 미치는 영향

황경주(Kyung Joo Hwang),오기석(Kie Suk Oh),김세광(Sei Kwang Kim),권혁찬(Hyuck Chan Kwon),박영한(Young Han Park),양정인(Jung In Yang),유희석(Hee Suk Rhyu) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.3

N/A Objective: The purpose of this study attempts to determine the endocrinologic characteristics and changes in glucose metabolism before/during pregnancy according to different body weights in women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: 94 women dia with PCOS were evaluated through measuring serum hormone levels and oral glucose tolerance tests preconceptionally and gestationally. Results: In patients who were of normal weight showed significantly increased serum LH levels compared to those who were overweight (12.8+-0.9 Vs. 7.1+-0.8 mIU/ml, p= 0.000), and the serum levels of insulin was increased significantly in the overweight group (7.1+-0.7 Vs. 15.2+-2.8 ulU/ml, p= 0.000). the IGFBP-I (32.8+-10.6 Vs. 8.3+-2.5 ng/ml, p=0.034) and SHBG (55.8+-4.2 Vs. 37.1+-3.1 nmol/ml, p= 0.001) were significantly lower in the ovnweight group. The oral glucose tolerance test before/after pregnancy showed increased frequency of abnormal glucose metabolism, in both of the non-obese group (38.8%, 26,9%) and the obese group (64.2%, 53.9%) compared with normal population. Conclusion: It is thought that in the normal weight group with polycystic ovarian syndrome androgen production is stimulated in the theca cells by abnormally high LH secretion, while in the overweight group the hyperinsulinemia state which decreases the SHBG and IGFBP-I, lead to increase biologically active hee androgens and IGF-I and increase insulin binding to its receptor. And during/before pregnancy, women with PCOS showed that incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism was significantly increased in both of non-obese and obese groups.

차전자,복령의 복합 물추출물(CJB)이 고지방사료로 유도된 비만 생쥐의 조직형태 및 조직병리학적 변화에 미치는 영향

황정수 ( Jeong Soo Hwang ),석장미 ( Jang Mi Suk ),최혜민 ( Hye Min Choi ),신인순 ( In Soon Shin ),황수정 ( Su Jung Hwang ),박지영 ( Ji Young Park ),김성옥 ( Sung Ok Kim ),서부일 ( Bu Il Seo ),김미려 ( Mi Ryeo Kim ) 대한본초학회 2013 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

Objectives : Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by disorder of energy balance and lipid metabolism. This study was conducted by histopathology and histomorphometry to investigate the anti-obesity effects of mixed water extract of Plantaginis Semen & Poria (CJB) on liver, epididymal fat pads and pancreas zymogen granules in obese rats induced with high fat diet, Method : Male Sprague-Dawley rats to be divided four groups were fed into four different treatments: normal (NOR) diet, high-fat (HF) diet, HF diet+CJB (100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, P.O.) for 8 weeks. The weekly body weights were measured in four experimental groups, respectively. Also histopathological and histomorphometrical changes of liver, epididymal fat pads and pancreas zymogen granules were observed in normal control and obese rats, respectively, Results : Adminstration of CJB significantly reduced body weights compared to those of HF group for experimental period. After 8 weeks, liver weights in the CJB groups were lower than those of HF group. In addition, HF diet related steatohepatitis, adipocyte hypertrophy, exocrine disturbances (decreases of pancreatic zymogen granules) were also dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of test material, CJB 100 and CJB 300 as compared with HF group, respectively, Conclusion : Based on the results, it is considered that CJB will be showed hepatoprotective and anti-obese effects, may be directly and/or indirectly mediated by pancreatic zymogen granules because they dose-dependently inhibited steatohepatitis, hypertrophy of adipocytes and decreases of pancreatic zymogen granules induced by HF diet supply, respectively.

자가면역성 뇌척수염 흰쥐의 활성화된 신경아교세포에서 증가된 osteopontin의 발현

박석재,황인선,김규범,신태균,지영흔,Park, Suk-jae,Hwang, In-sun,Kim, Gyu-beom,Shin, Tae-kyun,Jee, Young-heun 대한수의학회 2006 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.46 No.3

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a disease model of multiple sclerosis (MS) that is characterized by remittance and relapse of the disease and autoimmune and demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). Autoimmune inflammation is maintained by secretion of a large number of protein. Previous studies have suggested that transcripts encoding osteopontin (OPN) are frequently detected in the mRNA population of MS plaques. To elucidate the functional role of OPN in initiation and development of EAE, we examined the expression and localization of OPN in the spinal cord during acute EAE. We demonstrated that OPN significantly increased at the early stage of EAE and slightly declined thereafter by western blot analysis. An immunohistochemical study revealed that OPN was constitutively expressed in some glial cells (microglia, astrocytes) of white matter and neurons in the CNS of control rats. OPN expression was shown to be increased in the same cells at the early and peak stage of EAE. To identity cells expressing OPN by double-immunofluorescence labeling, we labeled rat spinal cord sections for OPN with a monoclonal OPN antibody and with mAbs for astrocyte (GFAP), microglia/macrophage (OX42)-specific markers. The major cell types of OPN-expressing cells were activated astrocytes and microglia in the adjacent inflammatory lesions. Interestingly, OPN was mainly expressed in the end feet of astrocytes around vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressing endothelial cells of CNS blood vessel. These findings suggest that increased levels of OPN in activated glial cell may play an important role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the CNS parenchyma during EAE.

생쥐 배아의 체외배양시 저농도 산소 환경이 배아 발달에 미치는 영향

유정현(Jong Hyun Woo),황경주(Kyung Joo Hwang),양현원(Hyun Won Yang),이치형(Chi Hyeong Lee),양정인(Jeong In Yang),권혁찬(Hyuck Chan Kwan),오기석(Kie Suk Oh) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.12

N/A Objective: It is known that mouse embryos before implantation develop in a low oxygen environment of 3- 8% concentration and with antioxidant materials such as vitamins, antioxidant enzymes, ferrous binding proteins, and albumin in follicular and tubal fluids. However, the 20% oxygen culture condition with chemically defined media might be produce an abundance of ROS, and leads to developmental delay or developmental block in vitro. In this study, we attempt to elucidate the relationship between intracellular H2O2 production and embryo development in different oxygen culture conditions of mouse embryos. Methods: Prenuclear embryos from C57BL/CBA Fl hybrid and ICR mouse were cultured in incubators which provided 5% carbon dioxide, 20% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide, 5% oxygen. Measurement of H2O2 level in a embryo was performed with DCHFDA(2,7 -dichlorodihydroflourescein diacetate)and analyzed with Quanti-cell 700, and the number of blastomeres was counted with DAPI( 4, 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole). Results: Oxygen concentration of the culture medias was significantly higher in the 20% oxygen environment compared to that of 5% oxygen environment. Culture of mice embryos in high oxygen condition leads to high HO concentrations at 2 cell stage and developmental delay or 2-cell block regardless of the strain. But in a 5% oxygen environment, which is similar to in-vivo conditions HO production was suppressed continuously through out culture and development of embryos was definitely improved. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is a difference in the production of ROS or protective mechanism according to the mouse strains and stage of development, and it is thought that in-vitro culture in 5% oxygen environment provides stable in vivo equilibrium but in a 20% oxygen environment there is production of ROS which overcome the protective mechanism which leads to cellular damage and embryo developmental delay.

밤나무 교잡종 과실의 양적 특성에 관한 고찰

이욱 ( Uk Lee ),김만조 ( Mahn Jo Kim ),이문호 ( Moon Ho Lee ),황명수 ( Myoung Soo Hwang ),황석인 ( Suk In Hwang ) 한국산림과학회 2005 한국산림과학회지 Vol.94 No.1

This study, basic research for releasing new chestnut cultivar, is conducted to consider quantitative nut characteristics according to combinations and individuals in 11 chestnut hybrids. Number of bur on bearing branch(NBB) and nut yield(NY), which showed large difference among combinations, was superior in JO (J000k×Otanba) and KO (Kwangeun×Otanba) combinations, respectively. Average nut weight (NW) was 21.1g, the highest in EO (Eunsan×Otanha) combination. Nut shape which was expressed to the rate of nut height and width, was investigated to the range of 1.13-1.23 in the all combinations, so nut shape of all combinations showed oval type. EO and JO combinations, which were measured to 30.0% and 27.5%, respectively in the percentage with the pericarp split(PPS), were produced more bad fruits than the others. OK (Otanba×Kwangeun) combination, 1.7%, was the most excellent in the percentage of polyembtyonic nuts(PPN), and the superior combinations which was measured to the below 5%, could be included five combinations. ER and RK combinations, were the highest values, 16.3% and 10.0 kg! ㎠, in soluble solids content(SSC) and kernel hardness (KH), respectively. NBB showed highly positive correlation with NY but showed highly negative correlation with SSC and NW. NW showed highly positive correlation with PPS, but showed highly negative correlation with SSC and NH. PPS showed highly positive correlation with PPN. Eight individuals such as superior individuals could be selected by selection criteria.

신연 골형성술을 이용한 제1 중족골 단축증의 치료결과

조세현(Se Hyun Cho),황인환(In Hwan Hwang),박형빈(Hyung Bin Park),하용찬(Yang Chan Ha),김병기(Byung Ki Kim),박종태(Jong Tae Park),화정석(Jeong Suk Hwa),송해룡(Hae Ryong Song),황선철(Sun Chul Hwang) 대한정형외과학회 2006 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.41 No.2

목적: 제1 중족골 단축증에서 외고정 장치를 이용한 신연 골형성술 후 임상적 결과에 대해 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 본원에서 제1 중족골 단축증에 대해 외고정 장치를 이용한 신연 골형성술을 시행한 9명의 환자 15예를 대상으로 하였다. 최종 추시 시 외고정 장치 제거까지 걸린 시간을 측정하였고, 연장 백분율에 따른 결과, 합병증 및 환자의 만족도를 분석하였다. 환자의 만족도는 강직의 유무, 통증, 기능, 정렬을 파악하여 미국 정형외과 족부학회(AOFAS)의 점수로 평가하였다. 결과: 미국 정형외과 족부학회 평가표를 통해 제1 중족 족지 관절과 지간 관절의 점수는 우수가 13예, 양호가 2예였고 대부분의 환자에서 미용적 결과에 만족하였다. 총 연장 길이의 평균 백분율은 48.7%였고, 평균 치유지표 는 72.8일/㎝이었다. 주요 합병증으로 요족이 4예에서 발생하였고 수술을 시행한 모든 예에서 중족 족지 관절의 운동 장애를 보였다. 다른 합병증으로는 무지 외반증, 각 변형, 핀 감염 등이 각각 2예 있었다. 결론: 제1 중족골 단축증의 치료에 있어 외고정 장치를 이용한 신연 골형성술은 효과적인 방법이지만, 중족골의 과도한 신연이 필요한 경우 합병증에 대한 세심한 주의가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of lengthening in first brachymetatarsia using a distraction osteogensis with an external fixator. Materials and Methods: Fifteen cases in nine patients, who had received firstmetatarsal distraction osteogenesis from January 1996 to December 2002, were enrolled in this study. At the final follow-up, the application time of the external fixator was measured and the percentage of lengthening, healing index, complication rate, and the patients satisfaction was analyzed. The patients satisfaction was evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, which were scored according to the level of stiffness, pain, function, and alignment. Results: The score according to the AOFAS-Hallux Metatarsophalangeal joint and Inter-Phalangeal joint scale was excellent in 13 patients and good in 2. All patients were satisfied with the procedure. The average percentage of lengthening was 48.7%. The average healing index was 72.8 days/㎝. The major complication was a cavus foot, which was noticed in four feet. All the first toes showed some decrease in motion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. The other complications were hallux valgus, angulation of the metatarsals, and a pin tract infection each in two feet. Conclusion: Distraction osteogenesis is an effective method for first brachymetatarsia. However, excessive lengthening can cause potential complications.

슬러지 유중 건조에 대한 전산 해석 및 실험적 연구

신미수(Mi Soo Shin),김혜숙(Hey Suk Kim),김병갑(Byeong Gap Kim),황민정(Min Jeong Hwang),장동순(Dong Soon Jang),엄태인(Tae In Ohm) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.4

유중 건조 공정의 기본 원리는 수분과 비열차이가 있는 오일을 가열할 때 온도 차이에 따라 형성되는 슬러지 내부의 급격한 압력 변화를 이용한다. 즉 슬러지 내부에 발생하는 급격한 압력 상승이 이루어질 때 슬러지 공극을 통하여 수분이 빠르게 배출하도록 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 유중 건조공정 중 다양한 운전 변수가 건조효율에 미치는 영향을 구체적으로 규명하기 위한 것이다. 변수 연구를 위하여 일련의 건조 실험과 수치해석을 시도하였으며 그 결과 건조온도, 건조시간, 폐오일종류, 슬러지 종류 등 중요 실험변수에 따른 건조곡선이 얻어졌다. 건조 온도 변화에 따른 연구 결과는 폐오일의 종류에 관계없이 140℃ 이상으로 운전하는 것이 건조효율에 유리한 것으로 나타났으며 이 결과는 수치 해석적 결과로도 확인되었다. 그리고 슬러지 직경의 경우 직경이 감소할수록 효율적으로 건조되는 경향으로 보였으며 이는 비표면적의 증가에 기인하는 것으로 판단되었다. 오일 종류나 물성의 변화에 대한 연구에서는 오일의 점도가 가시적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 점도가 높은 오일의 경우 건조 초반에 수분 증발이 현저히 지체되는 현상이 나타났다. 그러나 건조온도 140℃ 이상에서는 이러한 지체 현상이 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 슬러지 종류에 따른 연구에서는 전체적으로 큰 차이를 나타내지는 않았으나 하수슬러지가 다른 종류의 슬러지에 비하여 좀 더 가시적으로 양호한 수분제거 양상을 나타내었다. 수치 해석적 연구는 실험적 연구에 대한 상호보완적인 연구로서 가능성을 보였으나 복잡한 세부모델에 대한 경험적인 모델개발의 필요성이 제기되었다. The basic principle of fry drying process of sludge lies in the rapid pressure change of sludge material caused by the change of temperature between oil and moisture due to the difference of specific heat. Therefore, the rapid increase of pressure in drying sludge induces the efficient moisture escape through sludge pores toward heating oil media. The object of this study is to carry out a systematic investigation of the influence of various parameters associated with the sludge fry drying processes on the drying efficiency. To this end, a series of parametric experimental investigation has been made together with the numerical calculation in order to obtain typical drying curves as function of important parameters such as drying temperature, sludge diameter, oil type and sludge type. In the aspect of frying temperature, especially it is found that the operation higher than 140℃ was favorable in drying efficiency regardless of type of waste oil employed in this study. The same result was also noted consistently in the investigation of numerical calculation, that is, in that the sludge particle drying was efficiently made over 140℃ irrespective of the change of particle diameter. As expected, in general, the decrease of diameter in sludge was found efficient both experiment and numerical calculation in drying due to the increased surface area per unit volume. In the investigation of oil type and property, the effect of the viscosity of waste oil was found to be more influential in drying performance. In particular, when the oil with high viscosity, a visible time delay was noticed in moisture evaporation especially in the early stage of drying. However, the effect of high viscosity decreased significantly over the temperature of 140℃. There was no visible difference observed in the study of sludge type but the sewage sludge with a slightly better efficiency. The numerical study is considered to be a quite useful tool to assist in experiment with more detailed empirical modeling as further work.