발라바노프의 <불 때는 남자>와 문쿠예프의 <누차>에서 읽는 탈식민주의: 러시아 탈식민주의 담론은 실패했는가

황기은 한국노어노문학회 2024 노어노문학 Vol.36 No.1

2022년 2월 23일 러시아가 우크라이나를 침공하면서, 2013년 작고한 러시아 영화감독 알렉산드르 발라바노프의 이름이 러시아 언론과 학계에서 다시 화두에 올랐다. 발라바노프 영화 속 대사들이 군사 슬로건으로 사용되는 정치적 상황에서 그의 이름은 제국주의, 민족주의를 대표하는 이름이 되었다. 본고는 이러한 흐름에 반박하기 위하여 잘 언급되지 않는 그의 수작 <불 때는 남자>와 <형제>의 상호텍스트성 분석을 통해서 발라바노프 영화 속에 재현된 제국주의 비판 및 탈식민주의 시도를 살펴본다. 동시에 발라바노프 영화의 한계점 또한 짚어보고 이에 대한 대안점으로 블라디미르 문쿠예프의 영화 <누차>를 소개하고자 한다. 두 감독의 영화에 나타난 제국주의, 민족주의, 타자 등 교차되는 주제를 분석함으로써, 러시아 영화에 대해 다면적인 이해를 도모하고 러시아 내부 탈식민주의 담론의 가능성을 모색한다. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 23, 2022, the work of the late Russian filmmaker Aleksandr Balabanov, who passed away in 2013, has gained renewed attention in Russian media and academic discussions inside and outside Russia. Balabanov, frequently criticized for creating films with nationalist and xenophobic undertones, solidified his contentious reputation when the lines from “Brother” were adopted as military slogans. This article delves into Balabanov's efforts to critique imperialism and explore arguments for decolonization, alongside their limitations in the portraits of minorities in his films, through an intertextual analysis of his less frequently discussed 2010 film “Stoker” and “Brother” Furthermore, it investigates the potential alternatives to these limitations as presented in Vladimir Munkuyev's 2021 film “Nuuccha.”

microRNA-144 expression overcomes resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR mutant lung cancer cells by targeting survivin

황기은,조경화,김학렬,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-

Objectives: The emergence of drug resistance in cancer patients limits the success rate of clinical chemotherapy. MicroRNAs may play a role in chemoresistance and may be involved in modulating some drug resistance-related pathways in cancer cells. In this study, we hypothesized that microRNA-survivin interaction was involved in resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We focused on the effect of altered expression of microRNAs on EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-TKI-resistant cell lines. Methods: We performed a microarray analysis to identify microRNAs whose expression level was altered in EGFR-TKI-resistant cells. We confirmed the altered expression of miR144-3p, which was predicted to target survivin, in EGFR-TKI-resistant cells by quantitative real-time PCR, using the HCC827, HCC827GR, and H1975 NSCLC cell lines. Results: Expression of miR144-3p in EGFR-TKI-resistant cell lines reversed EGFR-TKI chemoresistance through enhancing apoptosis by modulating survivin expression. Luciferase reporters containing the 3`` untranslated region of survivin mRNA were used to demonstrate that miR144-3p could directly target survivin. We observed an inverse correlation between the expression levels of miR144-3p and survivin mRNA. Conclusions: Targeting the miR144-3p/survivin interaction is a potential strategy for reversing chemoresistance in NSCLC.

Automatic Pulmonary Nodule Detection using Mobility Characteristics and Area Pattern via Pixel Object Tracking

황기은,조경화,김학렬,정은택,이진석 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.120 No.-

Objectives: A mobility and shape pattern analysis with successive chest CT image slices is proposed to automatically detect pulmonary nodules or masses as objects. Our target is to detect the objects corresponding to nodules or masses with the size between 3-30mm from each slice of lung CT. Methods: The nodule/mass object detection algorithm is applied to each slice of CT images and each detected object is assigned with different ID. The detected objects are profiled with mobility and shape and tracked in the next slices with the ID assignment. From the three steps of mobility, cross-correlation and TPR (Turning Point Ratio), the nodule/mass is finally chosen. Results: In 58 CT images, we have totally detected 50,023 objects (134 nodules, 49889 non-nodules). By applying mobility characteristic and area pattern algorithm, we detected 133 nodules and 127 non-nodules (false positives) as nodule candidates. We achieved 99.25% sensitivity with only 2.19 false positives per scan based on the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC). Conclusions: Our proposed method shows significantly high sensitivity with reduce false positives.

F-71 SRSF5: a novel marker for small-cell lung cancer and pleural metastatic cancer

황기은,김학렬,박도심,조재삼,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Background: We evaluated SRSF 5-7 protein levels in lung cancer (LC) and their diagnostic potential for cancer cells in lung and pleural effusion (PE) and, for the dysregulated SRSFs, investigated their neutralization effect on LC. Methods: SRSF 5-7 levels in lung tissue and PE cell lysate samples (n = 453) were compared with the results of conventional tumor markers. Knockdown of SRSF gene expression was performed using siRNAs on small-cell LC (SCLC) cell lines. Results: In lung tissue analysis, SRSF 5-7 levels were up-regulated in LC samples compared with non-tumoral lung tissue samples; they were markedly higher in SCLC than in adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. SRSF5 showed the highest detection accuracy (89%) for total LC, and it was superior to that (74%) of CEA, NSCLC marker. Notably, the detection accuracies of the three SRSFs for SCLC were all 100% and higher than that (69%) of pro-GRP, SCLC marker. In PE cell analysis, the detection accuracy (86%) of SRSF5 for malignant cells was highest among SRSFs and comparable to that (83%) of CEA. SRSF5 additionally detected 70% of CEA-missed non-NSCLC cases. Down-regulation of the SRSFs induced mild (SRSF5 andSRSF7) to remarkably (SRSF6) reduced cell proliferation. Conclusions: The up-regulated expression of SRSF 5-7 proteins in LC with much more profound up-regulation in SCLC than in NSCLC and suggest that up-regulation of the SRSFs is related to SCLC proliferation. Moreover,we identified SRSF5 as a novel detection marker for SCLC and pleural metastatic cancer cells.

Diagnostic Value of YKL-40 and YKL-39 Levels in Tuberculous Pleural Effusion

황기은,김학렬,김휘정,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2011 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.112 No.-

TP-33 : Thematic Poster ; Absolute Eosinophils Count as a Marker of Mortality in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit

황기은,정은택,김학렬 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.116 No.-

Background: Inflammatory markers may have a role in predicting severity of illness of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The reduction in the number of eosinophils may be linked to the action of inflammatory cytokine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the absolute eosinophils count as a marker of mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 28-day mortality and identified risk factors for 28-day mortality in consecutive patients admitted to the ICU. Daily eosinophils count and C-reactive protein (CRP) in all patients was analyzed. Results: A total of 122 patients were included in the study. The median age was 69.2 years. Overall 28-day mortality was 27.8% (n=34). At discharge, the significant differences were found in eosinophils count collected between survivors and nonsurvivors (260 vs 55, p<0.05). When the eosinophils counts at discharge was assessed, an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.41 (95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.51 was observed. However, CRP at discharge showed an AUC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.86). Conclusion: Eosinophils count were lower in nonsurvivors admitted to ICU, but its clinical usefulness seems limited in comparison with CRP.Background: Inflammatory markers may have a role in predicting severity of illness of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The reduction in the number of eosinophils may be linked to the action of inflammatory cytokine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the absolute eosinophils count as a marker of mortality in patients admitted to intensive care unit. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 28-day mortality and identified risk factors for 28-day mortality in consecutive patients admitted to the ICU. Daily eosinophils count and C-reactive protein (CRP) in all patients was analyzed. Results: A total of 122 patients were included in the study. The median age was 69.2 years. Overall 28-day mortality was 27.8% (n=34). At discharge, the significant differences were found in eosinophils count collected between survivors and nonsurvivors (260 vs 55, p<0.05). When the eosinophils counts at discharge was assessed, an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.41 (95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.51 was observed. However, CRP at discharge showed an AUC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.86). Conclusion: Eosinophils count were lower in nonsurvivors admitted to ICU, but its clinical usefulness seems limited in comparison with CRP.

1995년 제 34 차 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 / 포스터전시 : 간 및 위장관계를 침범한 특발성 과호산구 증후군 1예

황기은,금주섭,박창영,김병익,김향,김명숙,정을순,이상종 대한소화기학회 1995 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.1995 No.-

원발성 폐암 환자에서 항암제에 의해 발생한 위막성 대장염 1례

황기은,황의태,임윤혁,조향정,박정현,박성훈,김학렬,양세훈,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.103 No.-

Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients Admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit

황기은,김학렬,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.114 No.-

Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite lung cancer`s poor prognosis, lung cancer patients are increasingly admitted to medical intensive care unit (MICU) for critical illness. The aim of the this study was to assess the outcome of lung cancer patients who admitted to a MICU and to identify the measurable predictors of their MICU outcome. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated MICU outcomes and identified risk factors for MICU mortality in consecutive patients with lung cancer admitted to the MICU between 2007 and 2012. A total of 105 lung cancer patients were included during the study period. The mean age±SD at MICU admission was 71.2±8.6 yrs (85% males, 15% females). Of 105 included patients, 78 had non-small cell lung cancer. Extensive disease (NSCLC stage III, IV, disseminated small cell lung cancer) was diagnosed in 98 patients (93%). The MICU mortality was 62% (64 patients). The main reasons for MICU admission were acute respiratory failure (60%). Results: The independent predictors of poor MICU outcome were: diabetes mellitus on past history (p=0.025); Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation III (p=0.012); the need for mechanical ventilation (p=0.012); the use of vasopressor (p=0.000); complication of ARF (p=0.003), presence of multiorgan failure (p=0.000). Conclusions: We found that MICU mortality was not influenced by the type and stage of lung cancer but increased with the severity of the organ failure at MICU admission.

F-96 Can be a prognostic factor in pulmonary adenocarcinoma by measuring attenuation change through CAD system?

황기은,김학렬,조재삼,정은택 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Background: In this study, we proposed computer aided medical image diagnosis system (CAD) using the image segmentation, feature extraction and registration for CT image to detect and analyze the patient`s lung mass. We analyzed the prognostic significance of attenuation change through CAD system in overall survival (OS). Method: Pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients diagnosed in Wonkwang University Hospital were analyzed. All cases underwent lung mass detection both by the simple spiral CT scan and by the CAD system, respectively. We quantified attenuation change of lung mass through the CAD system. Results: Totally, 94 patients were analyzed. Median value of attenuation change was 67.2±18.19 % (range,15.2-98.1%). Attenuation change was significantly associated with advanced stage (p=0.02). Over the follow-up period, 75 patients (79.8%) died, and median OS was 13.0 months (95% CI, 9.1-16.8 months). Patients with attenuation change < 70% showed significantly poorer OS than patients with attenuation change ± 70% (8.3 vs. 15.1 months; p=0.031 by the log-rank test). Conclusions: Lower attenuation change through CAD system, was found to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, our findings suggest attenuation change could be used to better predict prognosis in advanced adenocarcinoma.