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고품질 유리질 카본 코팅을 위한 페놀 수지의 고압 경화
홍석기,조광연,권오현,조용수,장승조 한국세라믹학회 2011 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.48 No.2
Successful coating of high quality glassy carbon is introduced by applying high pressure during the curing process of dip-coated phenol resin on graphite. The dependence of the applied pressure on the quality of the glassy carbon layer has not been reported so far. Pressure was changed from 0 to 400 psi during curing at 200℃. After carbonized at 1100℃ in inert atmosphere for the 400 psicured sample, as a promising result, a thick (~ 3 mm) and smooth glassy carbon layer could be obtained without any breakage, and the yield of carbonization was remarkably increased. It is believed that the cross-linking of resins results in decreasing volatile contents and, thus, increasing the yield of the glassy carbon. The origin of the improvement is discussed on the basis of several analytical results including FE-SEM, FT-IT and Raman spectrum.
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홍석기,윤상철 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.20 No.1
Since the information of 4th Industrial Revolution is introduced in WEF (World Economic Forum) in 2016, IoT, AI, Big Data, 5G, Cloud Computing, 3D/4DPrinting, Robotics, Nano Technology, and Bio Engineering have been rapidly developed as business applications as well as technologies themselves. Among the diverse business applications for IoT, wearable devices are recognized as the leading application devices for final customers. This longitudinal study is compared to the results of the 1st study conducted to identify customer needs of activity trackers, and links the identified users’ needs with the well-known marketing frame of marketing mix. For this longitudinal study, a survey was applied to university students in June, 2018, and ANOVA were applied for major variables on usable features. Further, potential customer needs were identified and visualized by Word Cloud Technique. According to the analysis results, different from other high tech IT devices, activity trackers have diverse and unique potential needs. The results of this longitudinal study contribute primarily to understand usable features and their changes according to product maturity. It would provide some valuable implications in dynamic manner to activity tracker designers as well as researchers in this arena.
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홍석기,최수정,노수동 서울시정개발연구원 2010 연구보고서 Vol.2010 No.61
City sightseeing is the era of activity and a wide variety of tourists demands while at the same time as evolve. To move is the basic condition of Tourism. In 20th century, urban tourism is use an industrial age-car to certain destinations, such as historical and cultural resources, attractions and monuments while the direction of developing of 21st century urban tourism is changing in the way of an individual according to taste, such as walking and public transportation, and use also found civil life. Bikes are new city tourism transportation which has received attention from people. Bikes are an intermediary position in transport between on foot and public transportation. Two wheels rolling bike has more benefits than other transport by reason of it is faster than walking, and has more opened space unlike the closed space car vision. In addition, it can move everywhere more freely unlike the moving as public machine moving in a limited road. The current urban space structure and traffic environment is fit to bicycle more than cars and public transport which you can discover the charm of the city, and every inch of the urban space as pedestrian can feel closer to life much faster. As bicycles is an ideal transportation to have a city trip as it moves more instrumental. If so, Seoul city bike tours available? Seoul is the bicycle tourist, equipped with basic infrastructure. The level of four rivers which included Han River are composed with bike paths are almost reach the world, and well connected to natural resources which has optimal conditions to read four different seasons in cities. Some borough has bicycle road for bike tourists which is more helpful to find attractive elements to make Seoul citizens` life much easier. It is obvious that the rest of the bike road without proper and, in some areas the bicycle road area which do not move between connectivity. Of course the rest of the bike road without proper and, in some areas the bicycle road area do not connect between the towns which is uncomfortable to drive by having various road facilities. It would disturb the bike tourists to drive in secure and convenient conditions. However it is true that Seoul bike tourism is being an obstacle. This study will cover more specific in Chapter 2 with other conditions of bicycle tourism in order to diagnose the possibility of the Central Government and revamped the bicycle policy. What are the efforts that countries and cities do to make bicycle tours to representative? By United Nations Framework Convention on climate in 1992 and 1997 Kyoto Framework Convention on climate has changed 141 countries cities for greenhouse gas reduction initiative in a variety of policy, green cities and green country which go to realize the from of full advantage of the bike. France which is one of the world`s principal tourist countries, Paris is surpassing the limit of everyday life to the local economy which also can help people to develop the bicycle tourism. In chapter 3, this study will discuss on France bike tourism usage, a new icon of Paris Velib emergence and its impact on urban tourism, Paris: bicycle tourism for the development of a variety of policy. Those implications will helpful to the future and revamped bike tourism in the city which can make it on reflections. Is Seoul is a good place for the bicycle tourism and are the rich tourist resources enough to exist? Seoul is surrounded by mountains, rivers, a rural landscape and history of modern living life of Seoul citizens which accumulated and complex space. These elements are tourist potential as a resource. Of course all resources that stretch throughout Seoul may not be suitable for citizens. Bicycle tourism is for enjoy the unique attributes by rolling and sketch the rhythmical city by fel. If so, unlike unique attributes by rolling, and sketch the rhythmical city by feel. If so, unlike regular tours, bike tours are needed to be discovered. This study will be more specific in Chapter 4 with discover the resources for bicycle tourism resources and individuality can seek to grant. If so, how to bicycle tourists discovered the appeal of Seoul? Seoul is getting beautiful as it is full of the history of the scent and unique space. However, bike tourists from all of the places in Seoul can be hardly finding the diverse and numerous attractive elements. Bike tourists are hard to find and give a self question about Seoul`s charm in limited time. Therefore to meet the requirements, the cities need to configure the theme space to motivated bike tourists. This study will be covered more specifically in Chapter 5 with contents of finding attractive places and attempt a few practices to set a theme routes. What does Seoul need to improve to develop into the future city of bike tourism? Bike city is more belongs to weakest transportation than others. If there are no bicycle lanes, it is more dangerous and also on pedestrian, bike tourists will threatened by people on the road. To develop the bike tourism, cities need to set bicycle-only roads, bike parking places and bike rental places at the establishment of basic infrastructure. Also, installed bike infrastructure should be managed properly. In addition, to make the bicycle tourists to city sightseeing more easily and conveniently, the city need to provide guide maps, milestones, and other information which can be read easily and it is important. This study will discuss in chapter 6 with conclusion and policy proposal in the current bike tourism to improve. The study is second edition of previous research which published in the past 2009 ``civil bike life cultural space of the subsequent challenges``. This edition contained the further contents of bicycle use for activation to urban bike. While performing this research, because of limited time and seasonal disabilities, I could not cover my point on bike tourism which requires seasonal tourism resources based on their common characteristics, such as how a delicate observation. Seoul recommended using Network so they can set a variety of theme routes and also the outlying areas, as well as connecting between Seoul and peripheral region and urban and rural places tourism, incorporating various cultural events and bike culture experience eccentricity, bicycle groups and fellowships to take advantage of bike guide services should be made for subsequent studies. It will be an only way to contribute and develop Seoul into bike tourist city.
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Failed GDC Embolization for Aneurysms Arising at the Fenestrated Anterior Communicating Artery
홍석기,민경수,김동호,차상훈 대한신경외과학회 2003 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.34 No.6
Fenestration of anterior communicating artery is one of relatively common anomalies. It is not always possible to check all of the anomalies in the anterior communicating artery by conventional angiogram. In case of coil embolization on aneurysm located in anterior communicating artery, the fenestration may cause unexpected complications. The evidential example taken here shows a 41-year-old patient with an anterior communicating artery aneurysm, on whom GDC embolization failed due to coil migration and ligation of aneurysm was given in a surgical treatment. The operative findings led to the discovery of the unexpected fenestration of anterior communicating artery and two separate aneurysms arising at each side of the fenestrated anterior communicating artery. A great concern should be given in coil embolization of aneurysms arising at the anterior communicating arteries. Key words:Anterior communicating artery;Aneurysm;Anomaly;Guglielmi detachable coil embolization.
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