Ru 하지층의 증착압력에 따른 CoCrPt-SiO2 수직기록매체의 자기적특성 변화

홍대훈(D. H. Hong),박상환(S. H. Park),이택동(T. D. Lee) 한국자기학회 2004 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.14 No.1

2013-2018 건강보험심사평가원 자료를 이용한 국내 벤조디아제핀계 및 아편 유사제 약물의 외래 병용 처방 양상

홍대의(Dae-Eui Hong),서정철(Jeong-Cheol Seo),남범우(Beom-woo Nam),서정석(Jeong Seok Seo) 한국중독정신의학회 2020 중독정신의학 Vol.24 No.2

Objective : The combined use of benzodiazepines and opioids is associated with an increased risk of severe side effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate how often both drugs were prescribed simultaneously in the outpatient settings in Korea. Methods : This study used data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) 2013-2018. We included a total of 6,932,776 individuals and detected a total of 73,697,937 physician office visits among them. The annual co-prescription (of benzodiazepines and opioids) visits rates (the number of physician office visits per 100 adults) and also the co-prescription percentages were analyzed. Results : We found an average of 7.5 concomitant prescription visits per 100 adults throughout the six-year study. The rates decreased consistently from 9.0 in 2013 to 6.0 in 2018 with an annual percentage change (APC) of -8.5 [-10.1, -6.8] (95% confidence interval). The opioids were co-prescribed in 14.2% of visits in which benzodiazepine was prescribed. The percentage also decreased from 14.7% in 2013 to 13.1% in 2018, with an APC of -2.6% [-4.2, -1.0]. Conclusion : Our results suggest that benzodiazepines and opioids co-prescription decreased significantly in Korea’s outpatient settings recently based on the HIRA data.

뿌슈낀의 시에 나타난 사랑에 대하여

홍대화 ( Dae Hwa Hong ) 서울대학교 러시아연구소 2004 러시아연구 Vol.14 No.1

특이값 분해를 이용한 다축 힘/토크 센서 교정방법

홍대웅(Daewoong Hong),정재화(Jaehwa Jeong) 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.7

다축 힘/토크 센서는 여러 방향의 힘과 토크를 동시에 측정하는 센서로써 오차를 줄이기 위해 교정(calibration) 단계를 필요로 한다. 일반적인 힘/토크 센서의 교정에는 최소자승법(least-squares Method)을 많이 사용한다. 최소자승법은 인가하는 힘/토크의 정확한 정보를 알아야 하고 출력값 또한 정확히 측정해야하므로 비용과 시간이 많이 소비된다. 이러한 단점를 극복하기 위해서 짧은 시간에 많은 양의 정보를 수집하고 측정요소를 줄이는 방법으로 특이값 분해(singular-value decomposition)를 통한 교정 방법을 소개한다. 특이값 분해 방법은 센서의 자세(orientation)를 변경하면서 중력방향으로 발생하는 힘을 이용하여 빠르게 정보를 수집하는 방법을 이용하고 수집된 정보를 특이값 분해를 통해 교정행렬을 얻는다. 본 논문에서는 소형 6자유도의 힘/토크 센서에 대해 소개하고 이러한 교정 방법을 적용해 볼 것이다.

스크래치패드 메모리 기반 임베디드 시스템에서 데이터 기밀성 보장을 위한 동적 메모리 할당 기법

홍대영(Daeyoung Hong),임성수(Sung-Soo Lim) 한국정보과학회 2011 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.38 No.6

임베디드 시스템에서 민감한 데이터들이 자주 생성, 저장, 처리됨에 따라, 이러한 시스템에서 데이터 기밀성 보장의 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 데이터의 기밀성을 보장하기 위하여 다양한 메모리 암호화 기법이 제안되었지만, 메모리 접근마다 선행되는 암호화 연산의 오버헤드는 심각한 성능 저하를 초래한다. 본 논문에서는 데이터 기밀성을 보장하기 위해 메모리 암호화 기법을 채택한 SPM기반 임베디드 시스템을 위한 새로운 동적 민감성 인지 스크래치패드 메모리(SPM) 할당 기법 및 세 가지 정책들을 제안한다. 민감성 우선(SensitivityFirst, SF) 정책이라 불리는 첫 번째 정책은 암호화가 필요한 민감한 데이터를 최대한 오래 온칩 SPM에 상주시키는 할당 정책으로 메모리 암호화 횟수를 최소화시킨다. 접근 우선(AccessFirst, AF) 정책이라 불리는 두 번째 정책은 민감성과 상관없이 이용률이 높은 데이터를 온칩 SPM에 할당함으로 오프칩 메모리 접근 횟수를 최소화시키는 정책이다. 마지막으로, SF 정책과 AF 정책간의 트레이드오프 관계 분석을 통해 정의된 하이브리드 정책은 메모리 암호화 연산과 오프칩 메모리 접근을 포함한 총 메모리 접근 지연시간을 최소화한다. Significantly increased use of sensitive data (creating, storing, and manipulating such data) in embedded systems has necessitated strictl and efficient guarantee of the confidentiality of such data. Ensuring confidentiality for every data transfer between on-chip and off-chip memory components has naturally deployed separate cryptographic operations during transfers incurring additional significant costs in memory accesses and performance degradation. We propose a memory management scheme for scratchpad memory (SPM)-based embedded systems where SPMs hold sensitive data with dynamic replacement. The objective of the proposed scheme is to minimize the off-chip memory accesses through careful selection and management of sensitive data to be allocated onto SPM. Three different policies are proposed: First, SensitivityFirst, retains sensitive data in on-chip SPM as long as possible, thereby minimizing the number of cryptographic operations. Second, AccessFirst, allocates data with high utilization to on-chip SPM and thereby reduces the number of off-chip memory accesses. Finally, the Hybrid policy which is defined through the trade-off between SF and AF minimizes the overall latency of memory accesses including cryptographic operations and off-chip memory accesses.

네트워크 모델을 통한 傷寒論 구조분석 연구

홍대기(Dae-ki Hong),육순형(Soon-hyung Yook),김민용(Min-yong Kim),박영재(Young-jae Park),오환섭(Hwan-sup Oh),남동현(Dong-hyun Nam),박영배(Young-bae Park) 대한한의학회 2011 대한한의학회지 Vol.32 No.1

경복궁집옥재석조계단연구(景福宮集玉齋石造階段硏究) -조선후기서수부가계단(朝鮮後期瑞獸附加階段)의 기원(起源)과 사찰건축(寺刹建築)의 영향(影向)을 中心으로

홍대한 ( Dai Han Hong ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2013 大東文化硏究 Vol.82 No.-

성리학이 조선의 유효한 이념으로 작용했지만, 불교는 여전히 국가와 사회문제 그리고 윤리해결에 도움이 된다는 인식을 유지했다. 비록 제도상으로는 불교가 통치구조의 전면으로 나서진 못했지만, 유학자들 역시 개인적으로는 호의적인 입장을 유지했다. 集玉齋는 경복궁의 부속 건물임에도 불구하고 正殿에만 설치되는 月臺와 瑞獸등이 갖추어져 일찍부터 주목받아왔다. 宮室과 같이 엄격한 의례에 따라 건축된 조선시대 건축물은 유교의 철학원리를 구현하는 동시에 중국 都城의 건축계획을 기반으로 축조된 것으로 알려져 왔다. 그러나 의례건축은 고대로부터 불교, 도교 등 제반 사상의 영향을 받아왔고, 특히 본 연구의 고찰대상인 瑞獸가 부가된 石造階段은 불교사원의 계단과 獅子像의 영향을 기반으로 완성되었음을 확인하였다. 또한 경복궁 중건과 함께 제작된 해치역시 護法의 상징물인 사자로부터 기원했다. 불교건축이 조선시대 궁실건축에까지 영향을 준 것은 임란 이후 불교계에 대한국가 차원의 지원과 함께 불교계가 국가 營繕事業에 적극적으로 동원됐기 때문이다. 이러한 과정을 통해 왕실건축, 관아건축 등에 사용된 계단의 조형과 구조는 사찰건축을 통해 익숙했던 요소를 차용한 결과다. Neo-Confucianism was the thought which is effective in Chosun Dynasty. However, buddhism maintained the awareness that it is still of service to the country, the social problem and solution of the ethics. Even if, buddhism was unable to leave with the front side of the governance structure in regulation. However, also Confucian scholars maintained the amicable position with the personal. Jibokjae is the building belonging to Kyongbok Palace. However, the Woldae and Sa-Soo, and etc. installed in Jungjeon(Main Hall) was installed and it was early subject of concern. The Chosun Dynasty building`s made according to the strictness established form described below like the royal palace implements the philosophy principles of the Confucianism. And it was made based on Chinese capital city construction plan. However, the architecture made according to the courtesy came of many ideas including the Buddhism, Taoism, and etc. from long time ago. Particularly, the stairs which subject of this study makes the rock in which Sa-Soo(animal of auspicious) is added was made the stonework stairs of the inspection request and Lion Sculpture. And it prayed from the Lion Sculpture which the Haechi which made the Kyongbok Palace newly and is made protects Buddhism. It was due to have the backing up of the country to the Buddhist sector after the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 that Buddhist architecture has an effect on the Chosun Dynasy royal palace architecture. And the Buddhist sector was due to be actively mobilized for the building activity of nation. Through this process, the form of the stairs made in construction of royal palace, government construction, and etc. and structure can know to be affected by the inspection request.

합의 증명의 요소로서의 사업자간 의사연결의 상호성 -정보교환을 중심으로-

홍대식 ( Dae Sik Hong ) 한국경쟁법학회 2014 競爭法硏究 Vol.30 No.-

This study aims to analyse the concrete meaning of the reciprocity ofconnection of wills among enterprises suggested as an element for proving anagreement by the Supreme Court and the standard for determining itsevidence. The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows:Firstly, as an agreement means concurrence of wills, it does not include thecases in which wills of enterprises comprising the substance to be agreedupon and reciprocity of connection of those cannot be found. In that sense,the conceptional components of an agreement should be the existence ofindividual wills and reciprocal communication of those, and mutualunderstanding. Secondly, though an agreement does not require its execution, particularlyimplicit agreements needs to be inferred from parallel conducts apparentlyexecuting an agreement. For proving an agreement in this situation, plusfactors are needed in addition to parallel conducts, which are expressed asthe circumstances conducive to reciprocity of connection of wills amongenterprises in the Supreme Court decisions. Thirdly, the factors consisting of the circumstances conducive to reciprocity ofconnection of wills among enterprises can be referenced from lists identifiedfrom the U.S. court decisions. Among the most important factors are thosethat tend to show that the conduct would be in the parties`` self-interest ifthey all agreed to act in the same way. These can also be referred to thefactors about plausible explanations that lie behind the conduct and givegrounds for it. Fourthly, proof of information exchange which is capable of removing uncertainty or facilitating collusion could be an important evidence ofreciprocity of connection of wills. However, whether reciprocity of connectionof wills can be proved varies case by case, because information exchangewould take place without the agreement about the content of informationexchanged. Fifthly, the standard for determining whether information exchange could be aproof to find an agreement about not information exchange itself but maincompetition factors such as price should be distinguished from the standardfor assessing illegality of information exchange. Lastly, Among the consideration factors relating to information exchangesuggested by the Supreme court, objective content of information exchange,its purpose or intention, and process and content of decision-making could bemore importantly considered in the course of determining whether there is anagreement about price fixing. However, these factors should be provenindividually and not be presumed to have an causal connection between anyof those without sufficient empirical data.

시장지배적 지위 남용행위의 판단기준 개선방안

홍대식 ( Dae Sik Hong ) 한국경쟁법학회 2010 競爭法硏究 Vol.21 No.-

This article aims to examine the contents of the standard for determining abuse of market-dominant position presented at the current competition law, presidential decree and guideline, and to derive problems from them, whereby to suggest the improvement scheme of standard for determining abuse of dominance based on implications obtained through the examination of recent application cases. This article is divided into 4 sections. Following this introduction, Part II explains the way in which the guideline presents the standard of determining. Establishment of abuse of dominance requires presence of the following three elements: market-dominant enterprises, specified act apparently indicative of abuse, and unreasonableness. In determining whether a firm is market dominant, putting too much stress on its market share can be pointed as a problem mainly because of the statutory presumption. Regarding the standard for abusive conducts, problems are found both in the way of categorizing conducts and in the way of setting the standard of illegality. Part III offers careful and systematical analysis of recent abuse of dominance cases against which court decisions have been made. In this part, courts` approach to assess elements for establishing abuse of dominance is compared to that of the Korea Fair Trade Commission. It remains to be seen whether the Supreme Court would attempt to establish bright line rules for presumptive illegality, identifying either determinative or more important factor in assessing the likely effect of conduct. Finally, Part IV contains a few suggestion to improve the standard for determining abuse of dominance element by element. Particularly, it is suggested to rearrange categories of conduct by dividing exploitative abuse and exclusionary abuse and establish the standard of illegality as general one applying commonly and conduct-specific ones applying to each conduct category.

건축역사 담당교수로 정년 맞게 된 이야기

홍대형(Hong Dae-Hyung) 대한건축학회 2011 建築 Vol.55 No.3