가미청상보하탕(加味淸上補下湯)의 물과 에탄올 추출법에 따른 항(抗)알레르기 효과(效果)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究)

허태석,고은정,정희재,이형구,배현수,정승기,Heo, Tae-Seok,Ko, Eun-Jung,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Bae, Hyun-Su,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to identify the different effects of GMCSBHT water-extract and ethanol-extract on Th1/Th2 differentiation by monitoring Th1/Th2 specific cytokine secretion patterns and the transcriptional activities of T-bet, GATA-3, c-maf, $INF{\gamma}$ and IL-4. Materials and Methods: Spleen cells from eight week-old BALB/c mice were cultured in GMCSBHT extracts containing medium without activation for 24 hours and with activation for 48 hours. CD4+ T cells were isolated and mRNA expression levels of $INF{\gamma}$, IL-4, T-bet, GATA-3, c-maf by RT-PCR and secretion cytokines levels of $IFN{\gamma}$, IL-4 by ELISA were analyzed. Results: GMCSBHT extracts didn't have mitogenic effects on the unstimulated CD4+ T cells. In Th1 skewed condition, GMCSBAHT water extract had no significant effects on mRNA expression levels of $IFN{\gamma}$, T-bet and c-maf, but inhibited mRNA expression levels of IL-4, GATA-3. It showed significantly increased secretion cytokine levels of $IFN{\gamma}$, but had no significant effect on secretion cytokine levels of IL-4. In Th2 skewed condition, GMCSBHT ethanol extract inhibited mRNA expression levels of $INF{\gamma}$, IL-4, GATA-3 and c-maf significantly, but had no significant effects on mRNA expression levels of T-bet. It had no significant effects on secretion cytokine levels of $INF{\gamma}$, but showed remarkable inhibitory effects on secretion cytokine levels of IL-4. Conclusion: Results suggest that on Th1/Th2 deviation, GMCSBHT water extract has both amplifying effects on Th1 differentiation and inhibitory effects on Th2, but GMCSBHT ethanol extract has stronger inhibitory effects on Th2 differentiation than on Th1.

알레르기 질환 및 한방치료에 대한 일반인의 인식 조사

허태석,한동하,정희재,정승기,이형구,주창엽,Heo, Tae-Seok,Han, Dong-Ha,Jung, Hee-Jae,Jung, Sung-Ki,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Ju, Chang-Yeop 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.4

Objective : This research was carried out to find out the general understanding of allergic diseases, the frequencies of allergic diseases and the attitude toward their oriental medical treatment(OMT) among common people. Methods : A total of 360 visitors at The 2nd International Exhibition on Oriental Medicine in 2000, participated in this research. We performed this survey with 22 items on the questionnaire. Results : Respondents knew the. fact that the allergic diseases were hereditary and could be affected by the living environment. 41.8% of the respondents had a past history of allergic diseases. Among the people who had allergic diseases, 63.5% had allergic rhinitis, which was the largest portion. Among them, 52.9% had a familial history. 81.5% of respondents with allergic diseases received western medical treatment for their allergies, 16.3% received both western and oriental medical treatment and 2.2% received OMT only. Among those who were treated for allergic disease, 62.0% were unsatisfied with the low effect of the treatment. To the point of excellence of OMT, 69.7%, which was the largest portion of respondents, believed that OMT could improve their constitutions. The problem with OMT was the high price of herbal medicine and this was the problem most frequently stated, by 51.4% of respondents. There was a positive attitude towards the effect of OMT, and respondents had a preference to receive OMT in the future(p<0.01). Conclusions : These days, it is a fact that the OMT for allergic diseases has a lower proportion to that of western treatment In order to increase the role of OMT, we think, oriental medical doctors need to develop an explanatory model of improving $people^{\circ}{\phi}s$ constitutions and should lower the cost of herbal medicine.

小淸龍湯이 기관지천식 환자의 폐기능과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

허태석(Tae-Seok Heo),황우석(Woo-Suck Hwang),주창엽(Chang-Yeop Ju),정희재(Hee-Jae Jung),이형구(Hyung-Koo Rhee),정승기(Sung-Ki Jung) 대한한의학회 2001 대한한의학회지 Vol.22 No.4

경상북도 수학여행과 현장체험학습 활성화 방안 연구: Focus Group Interview(FGI)를 통한 질적 연구

남태석(Tae-Suk Nam),허종국(Jong-Guk Hur) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2020 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.14 No.6

본 연구는 경상북도 23개 시군의 수학여행 및 현장체험학습의 새로운 개념, 체험의 중요성에 따른 투어 프로그램 개발과 활성화 방안을 모색하기 위해 숙박 책임자, 관광 관련 이해관계자, 관광공무원 이해관계자, 그리고 관광학 교수를 대상으로 FGI(포커스 그룹 인터뷰)를 통한 질적 연구를 수행하였다. FGI 분석결과를 통해 경상북도 지역의 이해관계자들이 인식하는 경상북도 수학여행 및 현장체험학습을 유치하기 위한 숙박수용태세, 식음료, 안전 · 서비스 개선 관련의 문제점, 지자체 관광공무원의 협력 관계, 독특한 관광자원 · 홍보와 연계한 학생단체 방문객에 대한 만족도 제고와 수용태세 진단과 도입, 관리를 통한 지역 주민과 지역관광관계자, 공무원에 대한 인식전환을 통하여 관광정책 방향성과 프로그램 제시 필요로 하는 연구 계기가 되었고, 경상북도 숙박 수용태세, 식음료 시설 개선, 안전 · 서비스에 대한 서비스 구축 등 다양한 이해관계자 간 관계, 그리고 경상북도 수학여행·현장체험학습 방문객 유치를 위한 지역경제 활성화 방안 등의 주제를 도출하였고, 또한, 경상북도 지역의 관광 홍보관 책임자, 관광공무원 이해관계자, 관광 분야 전문가, 다양한 전공 분야의 교수에 대한 표본의 수를 좀 더 확보하여 분석방법의 타당도와 신뢰도를 높일 수 있도록 질적 연구를 강화하기 위한 노력도 수반되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study, we will identify and analyze the current status and trends of successful field trips and field experience learning in Korea to improve the future operation of the center so that the purpose of enhancing the regional economic ripple effect in Gyeongsangbuk-do and regaining its reputation as a school trip mecca and No. 1 location can be found. This study conducted qualitative research through FGI (Focus Group Interview) on accommodation managers, tourism-related stakeholders, tourism officials stakeholders, and tourism professors in order to explore new concepts of field trips and field experience learning in 23 cities and counties in Gyeongsangbuk-do, and ways to develop and promote tour programs based on the importance of experience. Through the FGI (Focus Group Interview) analysis results, problems related to improvement of accommodation, food and beverage, safety and service, cooperation among local tourism officials, enhancement of satisfaction with student group visitors linked to unique tourism resources and promotion, diagnosis and introduction of acceptance posture, and management of local residents, local tourism officials and public officials in Gyeongsangbuk-do needed to present the direction and opportunity of tourism policies in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

Al 첨가에 의한 CV 주철의 (鑄鐵) 흑연형태에 (黑鉛形態) 관한 기초연구

장태석,허보영,김수영 대한금속재료학회 1982 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.1982 No.1

관광 홍보관 활성화에 관한 인식 : 경상북도 지역 중심으로

남태석,허종국 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

This study explored ways to activate tourism promotion centers located in 23 regions of Gyeongsangbuk-do and carried out qualitative research through FGI(Focus Group Interview) to the heads of tourism promotion agencies, public officials, and professors. The FGI(Focus Group Interview) analysis results discussed the problems of tourism promotion and information center facilities recognized by stakeholders in Gyeongsangbuk-do and service improvement cooperation. At a time when the importance of the tourism industry is being emphasized, it is time to expand and improve the facilities of the tourism promotion center as a tourism information facility for Koreans and foreigners. Gyeongsangbuk-do Province has a natural environment and unique tourism resources that can become a tourist attraction in South Korea. In particular, four topics were drawn: providing satisfaction with visitors linked to regional economic revitalization cooperation and tourism guidance, and measures to boost revenue generation at public relations centers and information centers in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

엔데믹 시대의 지속 가능한 사회적 기업의 조직문화가 사회적 성과에 관한 정책 연구

고주희,남태석,허종국 한국외식산업학회 2023 한국외식산업학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Recently, countries around the world have brought an economic crisis caused by COVID-19. This study investigated the impact of the organizational culture of sustainable social enterprises in the endemic era on social performance. Through this, we tried to suggest implications for organizational operation and efficient performance by identifying what the core of social performance is in the organizational culture of social economy enterprises. If education is provided to create a relationship-oriented and innovation-oriented organizational culture that affects the organizational performance of social economic enterprises, and institutionalization of social performance to promote voluntary participation of stakeholders improves professionalism in terms of efficient organization operation and management, it can greatly contribute to high organizational performance, sustainability and development. Through differentiation, it will be possible to secure a competitive advantage with other companies.

소청용탕이 기관지천식 환자의 혈청 IL-4, IL-5, $IFN-{\gamma}$변화에 미치는 영향

정승기,허태석,황우석,주창엽,김영우,정희재 대한한의학회 2002 대한한의학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Background : Asthma is considered to be an inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary eosinophilia. Production of cytokines by bronchial epithelial cells may contribute to the local accumulation of inflammatory cells in patients with bronchial asthma. In many recent studies molecular biological methods have been used to investigate the role of cytokines in pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets of asthma. Objective : We aimed to identify the effects of Sochongryong-tang on Serum IL-4, IL-5, $IFN-{\gamma}$ in asthmatic patients. Material and Methods: The subjects consisted of 15 patients with asthma who had been treated with Sochongryong-tang for two weeks from February 2001 through June 2001. Sochongryong-tang is an herbal decoction which has traditionally been used as a therapeutic agent for asthma. Results : The serum IL-4 in asthmatic patients was increased significantly compared to the serum IL-4 in the normal control group. However, the serum IL-5, $IFN-{\gamma}$ in asthmatic patients showed no significant difference from the serum IL-5, $IFN-{\gamma}$ in the normal control group. The patients were treated with Sochongryong-tang for two weeks with no significant difference in the serum IL-4, IL-5, and $IFN-{\gamma}$. Conclusion : This study shows that the serum IL-4 may be a new therapeutic target of asthma. Further long-term studies must be made in a larger number of asthmatic patients.

육미지황탕합사백산(六味地黃湯合瀉白散)과 상백피(桑白皮)가 인간 기관지상피세포의 IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF mRNA level에 미치는 영향

황우석,허태석,정희재,정승기,이형구,주창엽,Hwang, Woo-Suck,Heo, Tae-Seok,Jung, Hee-Jae,Jung, Sung-Ki,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Ju, Chang-Yeop 대한한방내과학회 2001 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.22 No.3

Objectives: We aimed to identify the dose-dependent inhibitory effects of Yukmijihwang-tang-Hap-Sabaek-san(YMHSB) and Root cortex of Morus alba L.(RCM) on the mRNA expression of Interieukin(IL)-6, IL-S, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF) involved in the asthma model. Methods: In this study BEAS-2B cell lines, human epithelial cells, were used. These cells were stimulated by tumor necrosis $factor(TNF)-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and histamine for artificial inflammatory expression. ${\beta}-actin$ messenger RNA(mRNA) was used for the internal standard. After each 24 hours of the YMHSB and RCM treatment, total cellular RNAs were collected by treating RNA zol directly on the living cells. Then the transcriptional activities of IL-6, 8 and GM-CSF were measured by RT-PCR with electrophoresis. Results: In the YMHSB study, the mRNA expression of GM-CSF and IL-8 is significantly inhibited compared to that of control group. But the mRNA expression of IL-6 is not significantly inhibited. In the RCM study, the mRNA expression of GM-CSF and IL-S is significantly inhibited compared to that of control group. But the mRNA expression of IL-6 is not significantly inhibited. Conclusions: This study shows that YMHSB and RCM have dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of IL-S and GMCSF in human epithelial cells. So these herbal medicines may inhibit the inflammatory process of asthma. Advanced studies are required to investigate the mechanisms of inhibition by herbal medicine in the asthma model.

한방치료에 따른 천식환자의 삶의 질에 대한 임상적 평가

주창엽,허태석,정희재,정승기,이형구,한동하,Ju, Chang-Yeop,Heo, Tae-Seok,Jung, Hee-Jae,Jung, Sung-Ki,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Han, Dong-Ha 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.4

Objective : Asthma is a lung disorder characterized by periodic attacks of wheezing alternating with periods of relatively normal breathing. And quality of life in asthmatic patients shows a tendency to decrease. So we had a clinical study whether if oriental medical treatment could improve their quality of life or not. Methods : The 15 cases were new patients that visited at division of respiratory system, department of internal medicine in Kyunghee medical center from the 1 st of July, 2000 to the 1 st of August. All of them were diagnosed as asthma and treated by western medical therapy. We used a Quality of Life Questionnaire for adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) and evaluated the results after two times answers, at an interval of two weeks. Results : The mean of the first answer was 2.84 marks and 3.36 ones after two weeks. If there is a difference of over 0.5 points between the two, we can admit significant effect. After the asthmatic patients treated by oriental medical therapy, they gained a difference of 0.52 points, 10.4%. Conclusions : We suggest that oriental medical therapy can improve the quality of life of asthmatic patients arid we can alternate side effects of western medical therapy with oriental one. if they carry out two different treatments at the same time.