The Effect of Lexical Frequency on Phonological Processes in English

Hyung-Mook Cho(조형묵) 한국중원언어학회 2009 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.14

It has been observed that lexical frequency affects various areas of speech production. In this paper, we attempt to analyze the effect of lexical frequency on the application of phonological processes. Specifically, as to the relationship between lexical frequency and lenition, we explain that, if a word is easily accessed since it is predictable and frequent, the leniting and automating processes will be processed more easily. However, if a word is less frequent and predictable, the leniting processes could be suppressed because more complete articulation will be required for the word. In addition, we pursued the way to encode the effect of lexical frequency in Optimality Theory. By analyzing the different application mode of vowel reduction in high-frequency and low-frequency words, we provide an analysis of the effect of lexical frequency on phonological processes with the assumption of different constraint rankings.

영어의 폐쇄음 삽입 현상

조형묵(Cho Hyung-Mook) 한국중원언어학회 2000 언어학연구 Vol.- No.4

최적성 이론에서의 어휘 음운론

조형묵(Cho Hyung-Mook) 한국중원언어학회 2001 언어학연구 Vol.- No.5

대응 일치 이론의 확장

조형묵(Hyung-Mook Cho) 한국중원언어학회 2017 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.45

The Agreement-By-Correspondence theory (Hansson, 2001, 2010; Rose & Walker, 2001; Bennett, 2013) originally developed for the analysis of Consonant Harmony, and the theory expanded its analysis span into Consonant Disharmony and Local Assimilation/Dissimilation. This paper attempts to show an extension of the Agreement-By- Correspondence theory by providing case analyses of Consonant (Dis)harmony, and Local Assimilation/Dissimilation in English. In the Agreement- By-Correspondence Theory, similar consonants in the surface are required to be in a correspondence relation by Corr-CC constraints, and their correspondence is limited by CC-Limiter constraints. By providing case analyses in English, this paper shows that Consonant (Dis)harmony and Local Assimilation/ Dissimilation are analyzed by the interaction between Corr-CC constraints and CC-Limiter constraints. One of the merits of the Agreement-By-Correspondence theory shown by analyses of Consonant (Dis)harmony and Local Assimilation/ Dissimilation is that they can be analyzed in the same theoretical framework. In addition, as Bennet (2013) states, anti-similarity constraints (e.g. OCP) are shown to be unnecessary for the analysis of Consonant Disharmony and Dissimilation.

音韻-形態-統辭部의 聯關 理論

趙亨默 忠州大學校 1997 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.32 No.1

With the current modular approach to linguistics, interactions of linguistic components are lively discussed. The goal of this study is to examine such interaction theories and discuss their merits and demerits. In phonology-syntax interaction, there are two approaches. One is the direct reference approach, which claims that domains of phonological rules are directly determined by syntactic structures of a given language. But the. direct reference approach is criticized because it is too unconstrained. The other is the indirect reference approach. In the indirect reference approach(prosodic phonology) , phonological constituents are projected from syntactic constituents via mapping rules. Because of its well-motivated explanatory power and principled restrictions, the indirect reference approach is widely adopted. In the study of phonology-morphology interaction, the theory of lexical phonology is the indirect reference approach because only the morphological structures are referred in the application of phonological rules. The theory of prosodic lexical phonology, in this context, is the indirect reference approach because, in the application of lexical phonological rules, indirectly derived phonological constituents, such as phonological word and syllable, are used as the rule domains, In this study, the advantages of the prosodic lexical phonology theory over the lexical phonology theory are discussed.

영어 접사의 연속성

조형묵 忠州大學校 2008 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.43 No.-

Since Siegel (1974) proposed the division of English affixes into two different classes(i.e. Class I affixes and Class II affixes), her proposal has been widely accepted and made a foundation for the development of further morphological and phonological theories. However, at the same time, Siegel's division of English affixes was criticized because there are some affixes which are hard to be included in one class or level. Such affixes are called dual class affixes and they contain the characteristics of both the class I and class II affixes. In this paper, we point out the problem of Siegel's division of English affixes and attempt to provide one solution for it. For the solution of the problem of dual class affixes, we suggest the continuum of English affixes. That is, we propose that the English affixes are not clearly divided into two classes or levels, but they exist in the continuum; in one end of the continuum, there are level 1 prefixes and in the opposite end, there are level 2 prefixes. Dual class affixes are located in the middle of the continuum. If we accept such a continuum of affixes, we can solve the problem of dual class affixes and other problems including bracketing paradox.

영어에서의 단어와 비단어의 구분 : 최적성 이론의 분석

조형묵 忠州大學校 2011 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.46 No.-

This paper examines the analyses of words and non-words in classic Generative Phonology and Optimality Theory. In classic Generative Phonology, the distinction between the words and non-words was analyzed in terms of the number of features contained in the rules to remove the words and non-words from the lexicon. However, it proved to be problematic in that the analysis done by this way does not match our intuition. In Optimality Theory, the analysis of words and non-words is done by the constraint interaction and hierarchy. Coetzee (2004) analyzed the distinction between words and non-words with the constrains *sPvP, *sTvT, *sKvK, and IDENT[place] and demonstrated that the distinction between words and non-words can be analyzed by constraint interaction and it matches our intuition. On the basis of comparative analyses of words and non-words, mostly based on Coetzee (2004), this paper shows that the analysis within the framework of Optimality Theory has much more explanatory power.

연속적 언어 처리 모형과 비연속적 언어 처리 모형

조형묵 충주대학교 2006 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.41 No.-

Prefixes and suffixes in English exhibit some notable differences. For instance, prefixes exert an influence on the consonant of the stem, while suffixes do not. And the effect of phonotactics on listeners' decomposition of morphemes is stronger when prefixes are attached to the stem than when suffixes are added. This paper is an attempt to account for the asymmetrical behaviors of prefixes and suffixes in English on the basis of language parsing process. For the explanation of the language processing of morphologically complex words, there are, roughly speaking, two competing models; 1) the continuous or left-to-right processing approach, 2) the discontinuous or decompositional processing approach. One of the typical arguments for the discontinuous(decompositional) language processing approach would be the Prefix Stripping Hypothesis(cf. Taft and Foster 1975). The main claim of the Prefix-Stripping Hypothesis is that prefixes should be stripped off before the lexical access, since the lexical access can be done via only stem. To the contrast, the continuous processing approach claims that language processing is performed by the continuous left-to-right parsing(cf. Marslen-Wilson and Welsh 1978; Marslen-Wilson 1984). Besides providing an explanation of the asymmetrical behaviors of prefixes and suffixes in English, we will argue that, for the proper explanation of the prefix/suffix asymmetry in English, both the continuous and discontinuous processing approaches are necessary. To be specific, for the explanation of suffixing preferences and independence of prefixes, we will argue that the discontinuous processing approach is more suitable. On the contrary, in order to account for the different effect of phonotactics on listeners' morpheme decomposition, it was suggested that the continuous processing approach may be a more proper model.

표면 대응 이론의 특징과 문제점

조형묵 한국교통대학교 2021 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.56 No.-

This paper examines the traits of Surface Correspondence Theory and analyzes some English phonological phenomena within this framework. In this process of the analysis, certain problems of Surface Correspondence Theroy are indicated. The Theory of Surface Correspondence developed to analyze Consonant Harmony, however, recently, Inkelas and Shih (2014), Cho, (2017) did unified analyses of consonant harmony and local assimilation. Although Hansson (2001, 2010) among others suggest that consonant harmony differs from local assimilation in that it is a copying process. That is, while consonant harmony is the independent repetition of articulatory gestures, local assimilation is the anticipatory movement of articulatory organs. However, recent studies of Consonant Harmony Systems tend to perform unified analyses of consonant harmony and local assimilation and the distinction between them is one of the problems. In addition, in the anslysis of phonological processes, the same representation of the different output candidates is another problems of Surface Correspondence Theory. This paper indicates those problems of the theory and proposes that it would promote the further development of the theory if these problems are solved immediately.

영어 학습에 있어서의 편견과 오류

조형묵 충주대학교 학생생활연구소 1999 學生生活硏究 Vol.6 No.-