Inactivation of DNA Polymerase Activity in Low Density Lipoprotein Deficient Human Cell Line

조철오 한국유전학회 1986 Genes & Genomics Vol.8 No.1

Human lymphocytes require lipoproteins for initiation of DNA excision repair associated with DNA polymerase alpha activity. A human low-desity-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient diploid fibroblast cell line (GM1915) was determined to be short patch component (DNA polymerase beta) and long patch deficient (DNA polymerase alpha) for DNA excision repair. Analysis of DNA from GM1915 cells or from WI-38 normal fibroblast, following treatment with a mutagen known to initiate long patch repair, showed that GM 1915 cells exhibited decreased resynthesis of oligonucleotide segments excised during repair. When cells deficient in DNA polymerase alpha activity were permeabilized to permit sonicated LDL components, repair synthesis increased. The nuclear level of DNA polymerase alpha in WI-38 cells increased immediately after electrophilic metabolite of benzo (a) pyrene, while cellular level of this enzyme remain constant. Data suggest DNA polymerase alpha is not activated by mutagen treatment in LDL receptor deficient cells, and that DNA polymerase alpha is activated by introduction of LDL components into the cell.

밀 재배기간 온도상승이 빵용 밀의 생육 및 품질 특성에 미치는 영향

조철오,정한용,김유림,박진희,김경훈,김경민,강천식,고종민,손지영 한국작물학회 2022 한국작물학회지 Vol.67 No.4

ABSTRACT Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple foods and is in increasing demand in the world. The elevatedtemperature caused by changes in climate and environmental conditions is a major factor affecting wheat development and grainquality. The optimal temperature range for winter wheat is between 15 and 25°C, and it is necessary to study the physiologicalcharacteristic of wheat according to elevated temperatures. This study presents the effect of elevated temperature on the yield andquality of two Korean bread wheat (Baekkang and Jokyoung) in temperature gradient tunnels (TGT). Two bread wheat cultivarswere grown in TGT at four different temperature conditions: T0 (control, near ambient temperature), T1 (T0+1°C), T2 (T0+2°C),T3 (T0+3°C). The period from sowing to heading stage accelerated and the number of grains per spike and grain yield reducedunder T3 condition compared with those under T0 condition. Grain filling rate and grain maturity also accelerated with elevatedtemperature (T3). The increase in temperature led to the increase in protein contents, whereas decreased the total starch contents. These results are consistent with the decreased expression of starch synthesis genes and increased gliadin synthesis or glutenmetabolism genes during the late grain filling stage. Taken together, our results suggest that the increase in temperature (T3) ledto the decrease in grain yield by regulating the number of grains/spike, whereas increased the protein content by regulating theexpression of starch and gliadin-related genes or gluten metabolism process genes expression. In addition, our results provide auseful physiological information on the response of wheat to heat stress. 적 요본 연구에서는 온도상승에 따른 국내산 빵용 밀의 수량과 품질 변화 연구를 위해 TGT을 이용하여 생육기간 중 정상 온도 대비 1-3°C 증가한 조건에서 수량구성요소와 수량그리고 밀가루 품질 및 분자생리적 요인을 분석함으로써밀 생육기 전반에 미치는 온도상승의 영향을 연구하였고,연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 밀 생육기간 중 평균온도가 1°C 상승함에 따라 백강과조경 두 품종 모두 출수기는 3일 정도 단축되었고, 일수립수가 감소하였으며, 온도가 상승함에 따라 수량이 감소하였다. 2. 밀가루 품질 분석 결과 아밀로스와 회분 함량은 백강과조경 두 품종 모두 온도상승에 의한 영향을 받지 않았으나, T0 조건 대비 T3 조건에서 단백질 함량은 증가하였고 총 전분 함량은 감소하였으며,3. 등숙기 중 글리아딘과 글루테닌 합성 및 대사 관련 유전자 발현 분석 결과 백강과 조경 두 품종 모두 종자 발달후기에서 T0 대비 T3 조건에서 발현양이 높았으며, 전분 합성 관련 유전자 발현양은 빠르게 감소하였다. 4. TGT을 이용한 국내산 빵용 밀의 생육기 전반에 미치는온도상승이 수량과 품질에 영향을 미쳤으며, 관련 유전자 발현 분석은 향후 기후변화 대응을 위한 기초 자료로활용할 수 있을 것이다.

EMS 유도 내염성 증진 사료용 옥수수 돌연변이체 선발 및 특성 분석

조철오,김경화,서미숙,최만수,전재범,진민아,김둘이,Cho, Chuloh,Kim, Kyung Hwa,Seo, Mi-Suk,Choi, Man-Soo,Chun, Jaebuhm,Jin, Mina,Kim, Dool-Yi 한국작물학회 2020 한국작물학회지 Vol.65 No.4

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most valuable agricultural crops and is grown under a wide spectrum of environmental conditions. However, maize is moderately sensitive to salt stress, and soil salinity is a serious threat to its production worldwide. In this study, we used ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) to generate salt-tolerant silage maize mutants. We screened salt-tolerant lines from 203 M₃ mutant populations by evaluating the morphological phenotype after salt stress treatment and selected the 140ES91 line. The 140ES91 mutant showed improved plant growth as well as higher proline content and leaf photosynthetic capacity compared with those of wild-type plants under salt stress conditions. Using whole-genome re-sequencing analysis, 1,103 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 71 insertions or deletions were identified as common variants between KS140 and 140ES91 in comparison with the reference genome B73. Furthermore, the expression patterns of three genes, which are involved in salt stress responses, were increased in the 140ES91 mutant under salt stress. Taken together, the mutant line identified in our study could be used as an improved breeding material for transferring salt tolerance traits in maize varieties.

기내 선발과 Saltol QTL 분석을 통한 내염성 증진 사료용 벼 선발

조철오,김경화,안억근,박향미,최만수,전재범,서미숙,진민아,김둘이 한국작물학회 2020 한국작물학회지 Vol.65 No.3

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stressors that inhibits the growth, yield, and productivity of crop plants. Therefore, it is necessary to develop crops with increased salt tolerance for cultivation in saline soils such as is found in reclaimed land. The objective of this study was to develop a salt-tolerant silage rice line that grows on reclaimed land. In order to develop this salt-tolerant silage rice, we transferred Saltol, a major QTL associated with salt tolerance, from IR64-Saltol, a salt-tolerant indica variety, into Mogyang, a susceptible elite japonica variety. To determine the effect of salt stress, Mogyang and IR64-Saltol cultivars were grown on a medium containing various concentrations of NaCl in in vitro conditions. Shoot length was found to decrease with increasing salt concentrations, and root growth was almost arrested at NaCl concentrations over 50 mM in the Mogyang cultivar. Based on these preliminary results, we screened five salt-tolerant lines showing superior growth under salt stress conditions. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing results showed that the introgression types of Saltol QTL were derived from the IR64-Saltol cultivar in almost all selected lines. Based on the observed growth and physiological characteristics, the new Saltol introgression lines showed higher salt tolerance compared to the Mogyang parental cultivar. The salt-tolerant lines identified in this study could be used as a genetic resource to improve rice salt tolerance. 본 연구에서는 간척지와 같은 염류집적 토양에서 재배가가능한 사료용 벼 품종 개발을 위해 자포니카 우량품종 목양과 내염성 인디카 품종 IR64-Saltol 교배 계통으로부터기내 선발 방법과 분자마커 분석을 통해 내염성 증진 계통을 선발하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 목양과 IR64-Saltol 품종에 다양한 농도의 NaCl을 처리하여 신초 길이, 근장 및 생체중의 변화를 분석한 결과, 목양은 IR64-Saltol과 비교하여 50 mM NaCl 농도에서신초 길이, 근장 및 생체중이 심한 생육 저해를 보였다. 2. 목양과 IR64-Saltol 교배 54계통 224개체를 이용하여 기내 선발 방법을 통해 50 mM NaCl 처리 후 목양 대비 신초 길이, 근장 및 생체중이 양호한 5계통(767883, 767885, 767949, 767986, 767989)을 선발하였다. 3. 내염성 관련 양적형질인 Saltol QTL의 유래를 확인하기위한 분자마커 분석 결과와 표현형 결과를 비교하여IR64-Saltol에서 유래된 Saltol QTL이 이입된 계통들은목양 유래 Saltol QTL이 혼재된 계통들과 비교하여 염스트레스 시 신초 길이, 근장 및 생체중이 양호함을 확인하였고, 따라서 IR64-Saltol 유래 Saltol QTL의 이입이 내염성을 증진시킨 것으로 판단된다. 4. 내염성 관련 핵심 유전자인 SKC1 발현은 염 처리 후 목양 대비 선발된 5계통 모두에서 높은 발현양을 보이나목양 유래 QTL이 혼재된 2계통보다 IR64-Saltol QTL만전이된 3계통에서 보다 높은 발현양을 보였다. 이러한SKC1의 발현 양상이 선발된 계통들의 내염성에 관여할것으로 판단된다. 5. 이상의 결과 기내 선발과 분자마커 분석을 통해 선발한내염성 계통은 간척지와 같은 불량한 환경에서 작물 재배 및 생산이 가능한 내염성 품종 개발의 육종 소재로활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Lysozyme과 DNA가 발암제인 N-Acetoxy-2-Acetylaminofluorene에 의하여 공유결합을 형성한다는 증거

조철오,정재성,정원일,정안식 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 1986 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.6 No.1

신경세포의 죽음에 notch신호전달계가 미치는 영향

조철오 Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications 2001 Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications Vol.283 No.2

방사선 유도 내염성 증진 사료용 옥수수 돌연변이체 특성 분석

조철오,김경화,최만수,전재범,서미숙,정남희,진민아,손범영,김둘이 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회지 Vol.51 No.4

Salt stress is a significant factor limiting growth and productivity of crops. However, little is known about the response and resistance mechanism to salt stress in maize. The objective of this research is to develop an enhanced salt-tolerant silage maize by mutagenesis with gamma radiation. To generate gamma radiation-induced salt-tolerant silage maize, we irradiated 100 gray (Gy) gamma rays to KS140 inbred line. Salt tolerance was evaluated by the plant growth, morphological changes, and gene expression under NaCl stress. We screened 10 salt-tolerant maize inbred lines from 2,248 M2 mutant populations and selected a line showing better growth under salt stress conditions. The selected 140RS516 mutant exhibited improved seed germination and plant growth compared with wild-type under salt stress conditions. Enhanced salt tolerance of the 140RS516 mutant was attributed to higher stomatal conductance and proline contents. In whole-genome re-sequencing analysis, a total of 328 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions or deletions (InDels) were identified in the 140RS516 mutant. We found that the expression of the genes involved in salt stress tolerance, ABP9, CIPK21, and CIPK31, were increased by salt stress in the 140RS516 mutant. Our results suggest that the 140RS516 mutant induced by gamma rays could be a good material for developing cultivars with salt tolerance in maize.

Identification of S-nitrosylated Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana after Gamma Irradiation

조철오,Shubhpreet Kaur,Vandan Nagar,박동호,Ga Seul Lee,문정희,정광우,이성범,정병엽,이승식 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2022 방사선산업학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Nitric oxide (NO), an important gaseous signaling molecule and reactive nitrogen species(RNS), regulates several developmental processes and stress responses in plants via proteinS-nitrosylation, in which specific cysteine thiols are converted to S-nitrosothiols (SNOs). However,there is no information available regarding the formation of nitrosothiols in Arabidopsis due to gammaradiation. In this study, S-nitrosylated proteins were detected using the biotin switch method and iodoTMTlabeling. After gamma irradiation, S-nitrosylated proteins increased in a dose-dependent manner. UsingiodoTMT labeling, we identified 178 proteins following a site-specific nitrosoproteomic approach due tothe 250 Gy dose of gamma irradiation. The identified proteins belonged to different functional families,including photosynthesis (19.9%), metabolism (10.8%), redox processes (10.2%), protein processing (10.2%),protein synthesis (10.2%), miscellaneous (6.3%), and others. Among them, we selected high-scoringproteins, such as AtPrx and AtTDX, and verified their S-nitrosylation through two purified proteins byimmunoblotting. This study will be beneficial in understanding the biological effects of radiation.

한국 콩(Glycine max (L.) Merr) 품종의 효율적인 원형질체 분리 및 유전자 도입

조철오(Chuloh Cho),김둘이(Dool-Yi Kim),최만수(Man-Soo Choi),진민아(Mina Jin),서미숙(Mi-Suk Seo) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.3

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is one of the most important crops with economic value as a source of protein and vegetableoil for human food and animal feed. In recent years, rapidly developed genome editing techniques have shown widespread application prospectsfor gene function studies and for improving important agronomic traits in many crops. Therefore, it is important to establish a highly efficientmethod for protoplast isolation and transient expression systems in soybeans. In this study, we established an efficient method for protoplastisolation and its application to transient gene expression in Korean soybean cultivars. The protoplasts were isolated from leaves, epicotyls,hypocotyls, cotyledons, and etiolated hypocotyls using various combinations of enzyme mixtures. We found that high-quality and large amountsof protoplasts were isolated from the etiolated hypocotyls when incubated for 8 h under conditions of 0.5% cellulase, 0.5% pectinase, and1% viscozyme. In addition, we observed a high transfection efficiency of green fluorescent protein using etiolated hypocotyl protoplasts. Takentogether, our protoplast isolation and transfection method is highly efficient and can be used for gene function and molecular analysis tobetter understand the biological and physiological processes in soybean.

사람 적혈구 세포의 죽음과 단백질 인산화와의 관계

김진우,조철오,강계원,신인철 한국유전학회 1993 Genes & Genomics Vol.15 No.1

The role of protein phosphorylation in UV induced apoptosis in cultured human preerythrocyte leukemia cells was examined. It showed that the UV induced cell death is occured by apoptosis. Cells with apoptotic body were observed by UV treatment. In addition to the morphological changes, UV treatment caused a rapid increase of cytoplasmic Ca^(++) concentration followed by DNA fragmentation. The increased digestion of DNA in apoptosis process is believed to be the results of increased nuclear endonuclease of which the activity is regulated by the protein phosphorylation.