Effect of Korean Red Ginseng intake on the survival duration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 patients

조영걸,김정은 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Long-term ginseng intake can increase longevity in healthy individuals. Here, we examined if long-term treatment with Panax ginseng Meyer (Korean Red Ginseng, KRG) can also enhance survival duration (SD) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 252 HIV-1 patients diagnosed from 1986 to 2013 prior to the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Overall, 162 patients were treated with KRG (3,947 『 4,943 g) for 86 『 63 mo. The effects of KRG on SD were analyzed according to the KRG intake level and the length of the follow-up period. Results: There were significant correlations between the total amount of KRG and SD in the KRG intake group (r ¼ 0.64, p < 0.0001) as well as between total amount of KRG and mean annual decrease in CD4þ T-cell count in all 252 patients (r¼』0.17, p < 0.01). The annual decrease in CD4þ T-cell count (change in cells/mL) was significantly slower in KRG-treated patients than in patients receiving no KRG (48 『 40 vs. 106 『 162; p < 0.001). The SD (in months) was also significantly longer in the KRG group than in the no- KRG group (101 『 64 vs. 59 『 40, p < 0.01). Conclusion: KRG prolongs survival in HIV-1 patients, possibly by slowing the decrease in CD4þ T-cell count.

장기간 진행하지 않는 인면역결핍바이러스(Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV)-1 감염자로부터 분리한 HIV-1의 전체 염기서열 결정

조영걸,이희정,Cho, Young-Keol,Lee, Hee-Jung,Desrosiers, Ronald C. 대한미생물학회 1999 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.28 No.1

To characterize the molecular nature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1, we determined the full-length HIV-1 sequences from cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of a Korean long-term nonprogressor (LTNP). Without antiretroviral therapy, the individual has maintained CD4+ T counts over $500/{\mu}l$ from 1989 to 1999. Plasma viral RNA copy was 992 U/ml in 1998. Culture supernatant showed positive from culture days 9. A series of 9 overlapping PCR products were amplified from cultured PBMC and cloned About 9.2 kb from R of 5' LTR to R of 3' LTR was determined by automated sequencing. The G-to-A hypermutations were shown throughout the entire region. As a result of G to A hypermutations, premature stop codon was found in integrase coding region. Though there was no recombination between subtypes over all genomes, TATA box in both LTRs was TAAAA which is detected in subtype E instead of TATAA in subtype B. And, there were nucleotide GC insertion between $NF-{\kappa}B$ I and Sp1 III, and duplication of $TCF-1{\alpha}$ in LTR. We could not find any deletion of amino acid in Nef, Gag, Pol and Env gene. This study is the first report on molecular nature of full genomes of HIV-1 isolated in Korea.

HIV 감염자에서 피부지연성과민반응과 CD4+ T 림파구수와의 상관관계

조영걸,정경순,전원경,김영봉,신영오 대한바이러스학회 1992 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.22 No.1

In order to evaluate the immunological state of HIV infected persons, we measured cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) in assessment of cell mediated immunity(CMI) by the Multitest CMI(Institute Merieux, France) and counted peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes by the fluorescence activated cell sorter(FACStar). The tests were done for 68 HIV infected persons and 22 HIV uninfected normal control. We classified 68 HIV infected persons by Walter Reed(WR) staging and examined whether there is a significnat correlation between DTH and CD4' T lymphocyte count. The mean CD4 T cell count(/mm') and CD4/CD8 ratio were 906+307 and 536+284(p<0.001), and 1.18+0.36 and 0.54+0.34(p<0.01) in the control and HIV infected group, respectively. Sixty-eight HIV infected [persons were classified into WR 45(56% ), WR 4(6% ), WR 9(13%), WR 8(12% ) and WR 2(3%). Total responses of Multitest CMI were 24.7+11.2mm and 13.2+8.4mm(p<0.01) in the control and HIV infected group, respectively. DTH responses in the HIV infected group were significantly low for the tuberculin(p(0.001), tetanus(p<0.05) and trichophyton (p<0.05) antigen, compared with control group. In the comparison of response rate for each antigen, only tetanus antigen showed a significantly low response rate of 53% for the HIV infected group(p<0.05) compared with 82% for the control. There was a significant correlation between CD4' T cell counts and the degree of DTH response for 90 persons, including 22 normal control group(r=0.34, p<0. 001).

Effect of CoTiO3 formation on the magnetic properties of Co-doped TiO2 rutile

조영걸,김동호,B. Y. Kim,조채용,김응찬,H. D. Kim,조종호,S. H. Moon,S. I. Woo 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.2

We studied the structural and the magnetic properties of TiO2 rutile powder with various Co concentrations synthesized by using a solid-state reaction. For Co concentrations higher that 2 %, a second phase of CoTiO3 was observed on the X-ray diraction (XRD) experiment. The magnetization measurement showed room-temperature ferromagnetism in this material, but the magnetic moment per Co atom decreased signicantly as the Co concentration was increased. We attribute this reduction of magnetization to the formation of non-magnetic CoTiO3 complexes as probed by XRD. For samples with Co concentrations less than 2 %, the observed ferromagnetism seemed to be due to an exchange interaction between substitutional or interstitial Co atoms rather than to Co clusters.

한국 소아 설사변에서 rotavirus 항원 탐지에 있어 두 단일 클론 면역진단법의 평가 및 이를 사용한 임상적 고찰

조영걸,김경회,조양자,최태열,김춘원 대한임상병리학회 1989 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.9 No.2

고려홍삼의 항 AIDS 효과

조영걸,Cho, Young-Keol 고려인삼학회 2008 고려인삼연구와 산업 Vol.2 No.1

AIDS 환자에서의 혈액면역학적 소견

조영걸,이웅수,최병희,신영오 대한바이러스학회 1991 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.21 No.1

This study includes 5 AIDS patients who were admitted after symptom development and 2 AIDS patients who had been controlled under regular hematoimmunologic tests. 1. The distribution of sex was 5 males and 2 females, and the risk factor of each case was as follows; 2 males transfused in foreign countries, 2 overseas sailors with sexual contacts in foreign countries, 1 male with sexual contacts in Korea, 1 overseas Korean female with a second marriage, and 1 domestic prostitute who had intercourse with Koreans and foreigners. 2. The mean hemoglobin level was 13g/dl at the 7th month before death, 8.9g/dl at the 2nd month before death (p<0.001), mean hematocrit level was 38.7% at the seventh month before death, 27% at the 2nd month before death (p<0.01), mean lymphocyte count was 1611/mm' at the 8th month before death, 765/mm' at the 2nd month before death (p<0.05), mean CD4 count at the 10th month before death was 250/mm, 63/mm' at the 2nd month before death (p>0.05), mean CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.61 at the 10th month before death, 0.28 at the 3rd month before death (p>0.05). 3. The frequency of symptoms and associated diseases in AIDS patients was, in order, as follows ; All 7 patients developed oral candidiasis (7/7), diarrhea and or general weakness, chest pain (3/7), Herpes zoster, pruritis, rash, pulmonary tuberculosis, chilling, abdominal discomfort and distension, anorexia and epigastric pain (2/7), Kaposis sarcoma, left visual loss and retinitis (1/7) and so on. 4. Mean survival length after symptom development and diagnosis infected with HIV were 8.1 months and 10.3 months, respectively.

HIV 감염자에 대한 달팽이 엑기스의 혈액면역학적 효과

조영걸,이희정,오원일,강은숙,김은순,김영봉,조양자,조군제 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from giant African snail Achatina fulica(AF) has a T cell mitogenicity. It was also noted that acetone extracts of AF have a anti-HIV effect in vitro. Thirty HIV-infected individuals(HIV+) were treated with AF extract(40% Chunho extract) for average 5. 5 months. Peripheral blood sampling and questionnaire were done every month after take. There was a significant decrease of WBC from 4 months after take. As a result, lymphocyte counts also decreased(P<0.01). However, there was a significant increase of CD4+T cell percentage from 1 month(P<0.01). The mean increase of CD4+T cell count was significant for first one month(39/pl)(P<0.05). Body weight also increased significantly(P<0.05). Over 90% HIV+ ex-pressed symptomatic improvement and wanted to be treated with AF extract continuously after the end of this study. In one HIV+ treated with AF for 19 months, the increases of CD4+T cell percentage and counts over 11 times after AF extract take were mean 67% and 85%, respectively, compared to baseline value. These data strongly suggest that aqueous AF extract has a immune enhancing effect on HN+.

AIDS 환자에서 CD4+ T 세포수 감소에 따른 CMV 감염

조영걸,김유겸,오원일,조군제,Cho, Young-Keol,Kim, Yoo-Kyum,Oh, Won-Il,Cho, Goon-Jae 대한미생물학회 1998 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.28 No.4

Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of life-threatening viral infection in HIV-infected patients. This study was done prospectively to investigate the incidence of CMV infection according to the decrease of CD4+ T cell count (CD4+) in Korean AIDS patients. Thirty-nine HIV-infected patients diagnosed before 1994 were followed for regular immunological monitoring. We have used urine shell vial method for the CMV detection from 1994 and have also checked clinical findings. Positive urine culture rate definitely depended on the CD4+ as follows; 45%, 22%, 17%, 11% and 0%, CD4+ <50, 50-100, 100-200, 200-500 and >500, respectively. Except culture positive 2 patients with CD4+ of $200{\sim}300/{\mu}l$, all eight culture positive patients with CD4+ less than $200/{\mu}l$ showed CMV related diseases on or before urine culture. But, we could not get a positive culture for a late AIDS patient with vision loss. With ganciclovir therapy, all culture results were at least negative just after or on late of first 14 days-ganciclovir infusion-course. These data suggest that the incidence of CMV disease in Korean AIDS patients is very high, and early diagnosis and treatment for CMV diseases is required for the prevention of life threatening results.

홍삼의 AIDS 치료효과 분석 및 최근의 치료약제에 대한 내성 발현

조영걸 대한에이즈예방협회 2001 레드리본 Vol.39 No.-

1991년 11월부터 인삼연초연구원의 제의에 따라 국립보건원 AIDS과에서 고려홍삼을 HIV 감염자들에게 제공하기 시작하였으며 지금도 일부 동일한 환자들을 대상으로 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그간의 연구 성과와 최근 국내에서 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 치료제들에 대한 내성실태에 대해 소개하고자 한다.