낭만주의

조경혜 덕성여자대학교 1986 근맥 Vol.17 No.-

Ectopic Protein Induction in Cancer Tissues

조경혜 암연구센터 1993 암연구의최신지견 Vol.1993 No.-

치매방지 작업기구 사용이 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,박정은,윤지윤,문세보,박효영,정인옥,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2001 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.13 No.-

We developed an occupational therapy tool to maintain and improve the cognitive function for the elderly who have senile dementia. 86 elderly people took a mininal mental state examination (MMSE) for the therapy to perform the occupational therapy, and divided into three groups based on avarage ages and MMSE values. The occupational therapy was treated three times per week for 10 weeks. The results showed that there were significant differences in the performing scores before and after the treatment ; the scores for the occupational therapy were increased significantly (p<0.001) and the performing time was shortened from 6-week throughout 10-week regimen. This study was to examine the effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes by occupational therapy. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, Glutathion-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased to the normal standard by the occupational therapy for the elderly having dementia. The recovery of activities of antioxidant enzymes was obvious in severe demented elderly compared to those in normal or mild demented elderly. These results suggest that the occupational therapy had an beneficial effect on the protection against the oxidative stress especially for severe demented elderly, and the occupational tool need to be modified so as to improve the protection against the oxidative stress for normal and/or mild demented elderly.

ICR 웅성 마우스에서 BisphenoI A가 면역계에 미치는 영향

조경혜,박효영 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2003 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.15 No.-

Bisphenol A (2, 2-bis-(4-hydoxyphenyl) propane; BPA) is a widely used endocrine disrupters and has estrogenic activities. Although interests on biological effect of BPA are rising, evidences of its effect on immune system are lacking. We investigated the effects of BPA on immune parameters, and on interruptions between neuroendocrine and immune system in order to elucidate the mechanism. BPA was orally administrated to mice (as a drinking water) at doses of 0.015, 1.5 and 30 mg/ml for 4 weeks. The BPA treatment did not show changes in body weight, spleen weight and distribution of spleen lymphocyte subpopulation. BPA exposure induced prolactin production in the spleen and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal, and increased the activity of splenocyte proliferation in response to Con A (p<0.001). The production of a strong Th-1 type cytokine (IFN-γ) was induced while Th-2 type (IL-4) was suppressed by BPA treatment. These were consistent with RT-PCR results of transcription factor GATA-3 and IRF-1. These findings suggest that stimulation of prolactin production by estrogenic effects of BPA affects cytokine profiles, and lead to the imbalanced cellular immune response. In addition, we hypothesized that prolactin and cytokines are important mediators involved in the network between neuroendocrine and immune systems after exposure of BPA to mice.

Trichoderma 속 균주들의 cellulase생성에 관한 연구

조경혜,박은숙 수원대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The extracellular cellulases were isolated from the five different Trichoderma spp. and characterized. Most cellulases were multienzyme systems and there were differences in cellulase patterns among Trichoderma spp. Trichoderma viride has shown the maximal cellulase activity determined by congo red staining and dinitrosalicylic acid methods. The highest cellulase activity of T. viride might be due to the highest β-glucosidase activity since the activities of avicelase and carboxy methyl cellulase were not significantly different between T. viride and T. koningii which have shown the good ability to produce cellulase. As a gene source, DNA was extracted from T. viride. Intact DNA was isolated from the protoplast which was obtained by treatment of driselase onto the cell harvests and resolved on 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis on the basis of molecular weight. DNA gave a single broad band with about 23kb fragment. When the intact DNA was sonicated or treated with EcoRI, this large molecular weight band was disappeared and tailed on the gel. In order to obtain about 5kb fragment pieces fitted for gene cloning, it might be better to fragment T. viride DNA by combining two or more kinds of restriction enzymes.

정상 및 당뇨쥐 간조직 대사과정의 조절기전

조경혜 덕성여자대학교 식물자원연구소 1993 植物資源硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

Hepatic enzymes respond in a coordinated fashion to multiple physiological stimuli. For instance, administration of a high carbohydrate fat-free diet results in an increase in the activity of lipoglycemic enzymes as a result of de novo protein synthesis. Severe insulin deficiency is characterized by an impairment of somatic growth and by manifest abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In the liver of diabetic rats, decreased activity of key glicolitic enzymes, and increased activity of gluconeogenic enzymes, and decrease of the pentose phosphate shunt are well documented. G-6-PD, which is one of the enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, also provides NADPH for fatty acid synthesis. A number of studies on the nutritional and hormonal regulation of G-6-PD in the enzyme and/or mRNA level has been reported. The diversity of agents which apparently can regulate the level of rat liver G-6-PD suggested this enzymes as a model system to study interrelationships between diet and hormones in the regulation of enzyme levels in normal and diabetic rat livers. G-6-PD levels decrease during fasting, feeding on a high-fat diet, and in alloxan-induced diabetes. G-6-PD activity shows a strong positive correlation with the fraction of carbohydrate in the diet, and increases with exogeneously administered hormones such as insulin and hypoglycemic agents. In the present study, the effect of administration of insulin and hypoglycemic agent extracted from Commelina communis L. upon glucose metabolism and activities of key glycolytic enzymes including G-6-PD has been reviewed in normal and diabetic rat liver.

Bisphenol A가 마우스의 장기무게 및 운동능력에 미치는 영향

조경혜,문세보,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2002 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical that affects reproduction in wildlife and human beings and has been shown to mimic the actions of estrogens. BPA has been thought to be a harmful compound to human beings as well as wildlife. However, there have been few reports on the effect of BPA on movement capability or weights of several organs of animals. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the effect of BPA on weights of several organs and movement capability. BPA exposure was performed in ICR male mouse at dose levels of 0.015, 1.5 or 30 mg/ml in the drinking water for 8 weeks. To evaluate the effect on movement capability, 30 min swimming was applied to mouse administrated with various doses of BPA. After experimental treatment for 8 weeks, mice were sacrificed, and experiments were performed for serolog ical evaluation and comparison of organ weights. There were no differences in serological parameters such as blood cholesterol, blood glucose. total serum protein and serum LDH activity among all groups. There were no change in weights of body and several organs. except spleen between BPA-treated and nontreated mouse. The movement capabilities were decreased in the mice treated with BPA. Electron micrographs of cross sectioned skeletal muscle fibers showed that administration of BPA caused swelling of sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results suggested that BPA may cause the structural transformation of skeletal muscle fibers and then may induce the decrease of movement capability.

DNA 합성 억제제가 IMR-32 세포의 c-myc 발현 및 Choline Acetyltransferase 활성도에 미치는 영향

이정은,조경혜 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1997 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.3 No.1

신경아세포종 세포 분화의 조절에 대한 연구는 아직 초기 단계에 불과하나 신경아세포종양의 임상적인 치료에 매우 중요한 기초가 된다. 본 연구는 신경아세포종 세포의 분화를 유도할 수 있는 유용한 시약을 찾아내고자 하는 노력의 일환으로, 잘 알려진 DNA합성 억제제가 신경아세포종의 분화를 유도할 수 있는지를 살펴보고자 신경아세포종양 세포의 형태적, 생화학적 및 유전자 발현에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 신경아세포종양으로부터 수립된 세포주, IMR-32 세포에 DNA합성 억제제인 sodium butyrate, hydroxyurea, cytosine arabinoside를 각각 처리한 결과 처리하지 않은 대조군과는 달리 정상신경 세포 분화시 볼 수 있는 신경 돌기의 성장이 유도됨을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 신경 전달 물질인 acetylcholine의 합성 효소인 choline acetyltransferase의 활성도가 현저히 증가되었다. 또한 DNA 합성 억제제를 처리하지 않은 IMR-32세포에서 탐지되지 않았던 c-myc 유전자의 발현이 시약 처리시 확연히 탐지됨을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 실험 결과들은 DNA 합성 억제제가 IMR-32 세포의 성장을 억제하고 분화를 유도했음을 보여준 것이며, 어린 아이 시기에 많이 발병되는 신경아세포종양의 급속한 악성화나 전이의 억제기전을 제시해 줄 수 있으리라 생각한다. A regulation of differentiation in human neuroblastoma cells remains poorly understood, although it is of great importance in the clinical therapy of neuroblastoma. This study was aimed to elucidate effects of DNA synthesis inhibitors on the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells on the basis of morphological, biochemical and molecular respects. Three DNA synthesis inhibitors, sodium butyrate, hydroxyurea, cytosine arabinoside were used to explore their effects on the cellular morphology, the expression of c-myc and the elevation of choline acetyltranaferase activity. They led to the extension of neurite-like processes reflecting differentiation of IMR-32 cells. In addition, the treatment of three DNA synthesis inhibitors resulted in the remarkable increases in the expression of c-myc as well as the stimulation of choline acetyltransferase activity which is involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine in the differentiated cholinergic neurons. Taken together, these results indicate that DNA synthesis inhibitors play an important role in the induction of cellular differentiation in IMR-32 cells. Furthermore these DNA synthesis inhibitors seem to be future useful to give an important clue (for the treatment of neuroblastoma).

생쥐 뇌 N-type 칼슘 채널 α1B Subunit의 cDNA Cloning

권혜수,조경혜 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-

생체내에서 칼슘이온은 이차 정보전달자의 하나로서 생체현상을 조절하는 매우 중요한 물질중의 하나이다. 칼슘 이온의 유입은 주로 전압의존형 칼슘 채널에 의하여 이루어지며 막 홍분성, 효소활성, 호르몬 분비, 근육수축, 신경 전달물질의 전달 등의 세포내 다양한 기능을 조절한다. 이 전압 의존형 칼슘 채널은 그 전기생리학적, 약리학적 특성에 따라 4가지 타입(L-, P-, N-, T- type)으로 구분된다. 이중에서도 신경계에 특이적으로 분포하여 미성숙 뉴런의 이동이나 신경 전달 물질의 분비에 중요한 역할을 하는 N-타입 칼슘 채널의 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 각 칼슘채널을 이루는 4개의 subunit 중에서 칼슘의 유입을 조절하는 역할을 담당하는 al subunit의 연구는 중요하며 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이미 알려진 흰쥐나 토끼의 N-타입 칼슘 채널과 마찬가지로 생쥐에서도 신경특이적인 N-타입 칼슘 채널의 역할이 중요하리라고 보여진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 아직 완전하게 cDNA가 클론 되어있지 않은 생쥐의 뇌를 시료로 하여 cDNA를 합성한 후 rbB-I을 탐침으로 사용하여 검색하여 3가지의 클론을 얻었다. 그리고 클론 각각이 가지고 있는 insert를 restriction mapping으로 확인한 후 제한효소의 반응위치를 이용, 유전자 조작을 거듭하여 생쥐 N-타입 칼슘 채널 alB subunit cDNA의 full clone을 얻어ㅐㄴ었다. 그 발현양상은 Northern blotting을 이용하여 조직별, 발생별로 연구되어야 하고 그외 돌연변이를 이용한 기능연구 등이 수행되어야 하겠다. Influx of calcium through voltage-dependent calcium channels plays a vital role in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions, including muscle contraction, axonal outgrowth, hormone release, and neurotransmitter release. On the basis of electrophysiological and pharmacological properties, at least four types of calcium channel (designated T-, L-, N-, and P-type) have been distinguished and each type is composed of 4 or 5 subunits(??, ??, ??, ??, and ??). The ?? subunit of each type has been a focus of research since it controls the entry of calcium ions. Among the four major types of calcium channels, N-type calcium channels are unipue in that they are found specifically in neurons, have been correlated with control of neurotransmitter release, and are blocked by ??-conotoxin. Recently, many studies of N-type calcium channels have been done and are progressing. Mouse N-type ??B subunit is expected to play an essential role in migration of immature neurons and neurotransmitter release in considering the roles of rat and rabbit N-type ??B subunit. In this study, mouse brain cDNA library was prepared and screened with rbB-I DNA rpobe. Through gene manipulation, we obtained full-length cDNA clone of the ??B subunit of mouse N-type calcium channel. And through Northern boltting of mouse tissues and mutagenesis studies, we will study how the N-type ??B subunits of mouse are expressed and regulated.

계배 대퇴 근육 세포의 c-fos 유전자 발현 : 신호전달물질 및 신경세포와의 공동배양 효과 Effect of Signal Transduction Regulators and Co-culture with Chick Spinal Cord Neurons

조경혜,김은주 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

근육세포의 성장 및 분화는 인접한 신경세포에서 유리되는 신경전달물질에 의해 여러 경로를 통해 상호 조절된다. 본 실험에서는 계배 신경세포와 근육세포를 공동배양하여 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조사하였으며 NGF, EGF, Ca++ionophore, PMA(Phobol 12-myristate 13-acetate)등을 근육세포에 처리함으로써 근육세포의 c-fos 발현 경로를 알아보고자 하였다. 계배 근육세포에서 c-fos 암원 유전자의 발현을 보기위해 Northern bolt과 slot blot 분석을 실시하였다. 발생 12일째된 계배 근육세포 배양 2일째에는 c-fos 발현이 증가되기 시작하여 5일째는 다소 감소하며 6일째는 더 이상 변화를 보이지 않았으며 신경세포와의 공동배양에서는 2일 후 c-fos 유전자의 유도를 관찰하였다. 분화된 근육세포에 EGF를 처리시 신속한 c-fos 발현 유도를 관찰하였으나 NGF를 처리시 그 효과를 관찰할 수 없었다. 이는 외부 신호 전달 물질 EGF와 신경말단의 시냅스 전달이 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조절하는데 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다. 또한, Ca++ionophore (A23187)를 처리시 c-fos 암원 유전자의 신속한 증가를 관찰하였으나 PMA를 처리시는 주목할 만한 발현 증가를 볼 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 Ca++이라는 이차 전령신호가 근육세포내의 c-fos 발현을 가져올 수 있음을 시사한다. 이들 결과로 부터 계배 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현은 외부자극에 반응하여 초기에 일어나며, 근육세포의 증식과 분화에 관여하리라 생각된다. Growth and differentiation of muscle cells were regulated by synaptic interaction of nerve endings and post synaptic events. This study was aimed to elucidate effects of co-culture with spinal cord neurons and four different signal transduction regulators, NGF, EGF, Ca^++ ionophore (A023187) and PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) on an expression of c-fos in chick embryonic skeletal muscle cells. Muscle cells were prepared from 12-day-old chick embryonic skeletal muscle cultured for 6 days. An increase in the expression of c-fos was observed after 2 days in culture, it continued for 3 more days, then declined after day 5. after co-culture for 2 days, the c-fos gene expression was increased in the differentiated skeletal muscle cells. The expression of c-fos in the differentiated muscle cells was increased within 60 minutes after treatment with EGF but its expression by NGF was not observed. These findings suggest that extracellular signal transmission through EGF and post synaptic has important roles on the regulation of the c-fos gene expression in differentiated muscle cells. The treatment with Ca^++ ionophore (A23187) in muscle cells induced the c-fos gene expression but PMA did not. These results reveal that the signal transduction pathway through the Ca^++ affects c-fos gene expression in skeletal muscle cells. Taken together, the expression of the c-fos is an early event in the response to external stimuli and plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.