영양 ; 34 . 연탄회 급여가 돈의 성장 , 육성 , 비육에 미치는 영향 : Ⅱ. 포란중 자돈의 철분주사대용 및 이유자돈의 육성기에 미량 광물질 공급제로서 첨가급여 효과

정현승 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 1983 제40회 학술발표회 논문초록 Vol.- No.-

專門大學의 産業體 現場實習의 效率性 提高方案

鄭鉉丞,宋瑛敏 진주산업대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Theis theis aims at presenting at presenting an effective plan of technical cllege students' field work at enterprises. It is based on the present writer's 30year teaching experience and the documentary records. This thesis analyzed our cllege's filed work plan and the last 3 years' assesments of 1461 students' field work by enterprises. And it suggests some necessary advance preparations. I asked 21questions of 150 enterprises, related agencies and stock farms to invite their views of promotiong the efficiency of the field work. Their answers are analyzed as follows: 1. It is necessary to create a circumstance to induce students' voluntary participation. 2. It is necesary to establish a complementary and cooperative guidance system among students, parents, school, enterprises and government. 3. Students' character-building and professionalism are needed as an advance preparation for the field work.

煉炭灰魚汁 吸着飼料開發에 關한 硏究

鄭鉉丞,金哲旭 진주산업대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

본 試驗은 煙炭灰 魚汁 吸着飼料 開發을 爲하여 1次에 成分分析과 2次로서 ??飼育에 添加 飼養詩에 나타나는 效果를 究明하고져 本 大學에서 生産한 Landrace(♀)×Berkshire(♂)=F_1 同腹 離乳仔??10頭를 配合飼料 單飼區인 對照區에 5頭, 煙??灰 魚汁吸着 飼料給與區인 試驗區에 5頭를 供試하여 1986年 1月 8日부터 4月 3日(84日間)에 걸쳐 育成期에는 煙炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 5% 添加하고 肥育期는 10%添加하여 飼養 試驗한 結果 및 煙炭灰魚汁吸着飼料의 成分分析 內容은 다음과 같다. 1. 煙炭灰魚汁吸着 飼料의 一般成分, 鑛物質成分, Amino酸成分 含量은 濃縮魚汁吸着 水準에 比例하여 높게 나타났다(組蛋白質 : 10%→3.42, 100%→22.16). 2. 日當 增體量은 試驗區(780g)가 對照區(650g)보다 높게 나타났다. 3. 飼料 攝取量은 試驗區(927kg)가 對照區(817kg)보다 높게 나타났으며 4. 飼料效率은 試驗區(2.82)가 對照區(3.05)보다 有意的으로 높게 나타났다. 5. 煙炭灰魚汁 吸着飼料 添加 飼養으로서 1kg 增體當 飼料費가 48원이 節減되었다. 9. 90kg 到達日令은 試驗區(155日)가 對照區(169日)보다 14日이 短縮되었다. 以上의 結果를 보아 廢棄物인煙炭灰와 廢水處理되는 魚汁을 混合 飼料資源化하므로써 飼料費 節減, 飼料效率改善, 營養素利用 增進, 環境汚染防止, 公害處理, 混合加工 飼料 生産으로 導入飼料 節減效果를 期待할 수 있고 國內 配合 飼料 原料 및 實需要 養畜農家 供給 活用이 可能할 것으로 飼料된다. A series of experiment was carried out to studdy the effect of brequette ash addition absorbed concentrated fish soluble in pig formula feed with the first crossbred progeny of the same litter weaned (Landrace ♀× Berkshire ♂), and analyzed the chemical composition, mineral content and amino acid content of brequette ash absorbed concentrated fish soluble. The results obtained are summarized as follow : With increasing absorbed rate of concentrated fish soluble to brequette ash, chemical composition, mineral content and amino acid content were higher. Average daily weight gain was heavier with 780g in the treatment than in the control(650g) Though total feed intake was higher in the treatment(927kg) than in the control(817kg), feed efficiency was superior with 2.82 in the treatment and feed cost per 1kg weight gain was cut down by more 48 won in the treatment than in the control. Average days of age at 90kg was shortened by 14 days in the treatment(155days) than in the control(169days). It was suggested from the results obtained as above that there seem to contribute to curtailment of feed cost, reformation of feed efficiency, body weight effect and shortening of days of age at 90kg by feeding brequette ash addition absorbed concentrated fish soluble in pig formula feed.

豚舍上部空間을 利用한 家兎飼育이 豚의 增體에 미치는 影響 : 第Ⅰ報. 家兎糞 및 殘飼의 自由採食이 離乳仔豚의 成長에 미치는 影響 Ⅰ. Effect of Liberal Feeding of Rabbit Feces aud Residual Forage on the Growth of Weaned Pigs

鄭鉉丞 진주산업대학교 1977 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

These experiments were carried out to determine the effect of liberal feeding of rabbit feces and residual forage on the growth, feed efficiency, feed cost and health of weaned pigs. The same litter pigs used were alloted into 3 pigs in the control and 3 pigs in the experimental in the trial Ⅰ. and 2 pigs in the control and 3 pigs in each of 3 experimental feeding groups in the trial Ⅱ. All the weaned pigs were equally raised for 7 weeks of period. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The liberal feeding of rabbit feces and residual forage resulted in slightly but not significantly more average daily gain (0.39㎏) of pigs during the experimental period. 2. The liberal feeding of rabbit feces and residual forage resulted in slightly more feed consumption but decreased the feed consumption and cost for 1㎏ of body gain to 3.10㎏ and 298 won, respectively. The decrease in feed cost for 1㎏ of body gain from the liberal feeding of rabbit feces and residual forage was estimated to be 52 won. 3. Rabbit feces and residual forage seemed to contained considerably much crude protein of 13.3% and 20.1% due to the urea of rapbit urine on the air-dry basis, respectively and their excess in crude fiber and crude ash with low content in nitrogen free extracts was considered to be undesirable as a pig's feed source. 4. The rabbit feces and residual forage had considerably high palatability to pigs and they were found to have no factors against pig's health clinically. 5. The urea N concentration in blood plasma of control pigs (18.01㎎/100㎖) was similar to that of pigs fed rabbit feces but was lower than that of pigs fed residual forage (30.11㎎/100㎖) or rabbit feces and residual forage (22.75㎎/100㎖).

煉炭灰 魚汁吸 料 開發에 關한 硏究 : Effects of Ration was Substituted by Briqutte-ash and Concentrated Fish Soluble by Pregnant or Sucking Pig

鄭鉉丞 진주산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

本 試驗은 煉炭灰 魚汁 吸着飼料開發을 爲한 硏究로서 l980年부터 l989年까지 豚에 대한 煉炭灰와 濃縮魚汁을 5%~10% 添加 給與 시험결과 포유자돈과 育成肥農돈의 成績 및 포유자돈에 실시하고 있는 l. 2次의 鐵分注射 代用으로서 效果가 좋게 나타났으므로 본 시험에서는 배합사료, 煉炭灰 및 어즙을 각각 90, 5 및 5의 비율로 혼합하여 給與하였을 때 姙娠豚과 哺乳母豚 및 哺乳仔豚의 성장에 미치는 영향과 漁村養豚農家에서 煉炭灰 및 漁汁活用으로 自家製造 利用 可能性 與否를 究明하고자 梁山 漢城農場에서 體重과 受精日이 비슷하고 임신이 확인된 3産次의 임신돈(Y×L=F1) 15頭를 배합사료단사 구인 對照區에 5頭, 試驗區에 10頭를 配置供試하고 생산자돈은 포유-이유시의 발육성적과 Hemoglobin 함량을 조사한 바 다음과 같이 나타났다. 1. 哺乳母豚의 終子時 체중은 EMF급여구(l79㎏, 176㎏), 對照區(l84㎏) 順으로 나타났고 사료효율은 EMF급여구(6.42, 6.10)가 對照區(5.80)보다 좋게 나타났고(P<0.05). 2. 포유자돈의 21日令 체중은 EMF급여구(8.44, 8.82)보다 對照區(8.90)가 높게 나타났고 사료효율은 EMF급여구(0.92, 0.90)가 對照區(0.87)보다 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 3. 生時仔豚 Hb함량은 姙娠 2週前 EMF 給與區(13.95), 4週前 EMF 給與區(12.95), 對照區(11.06)으로 높게 나타났고 分娩 後 28일령 자돈 Hb함량도 2주전 EMF 급여구(12.22), 4주전 EMF 급여구(l2.l8), 대조구(l2.01)의 順으로 높게 나타났고 분만 후 28일후의 모돈의 Hb함량도 임신 2주전 EMF 급여구(13.48), 4주전 EMF 급여구(13.24), 대조구(12.52)의 순으로 나타났다. This experiments was performed to study the effects of substitution by Briqutte-ash and concentrated fish soluble by 10% respectively of 3rd. pregnant pig using 15(Yorkshire X Landrace). The results obtained are as follows : 1. The growing in briquette-ash and concentrated fish soluble as 10% substitute was no significantly(P<0.05) differences among the other groups. But the growth in that group was superior. Feed efficency in 10% EMF substituted was significantly(P<0.05) higher(6.42, 6.l0) than control group(5.80). 2. Body weight from 21 days in sucking pigs was lower(8.44, 8.82) than control group(8.90). Feed consumption was not significantly(P<0.05) different between the control group and 10% EMF substituted. 3. Hemoglobin contents in the 10% EMF substituted was higher than control group.

연탄회 급여가 돼지의 철분주사대용 및 미량광물질공급원으로서의 효과

정현승,한인규,유동준,김철욱 ( H . S . Chung,I . K . Han,D . J . You,C . W . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.6

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Briquette ash as a substitutive material for Fe injection and mineral supplements in pigs from April 1, 1981 to July 19, 1984. Birth weight of the Briquette ash fed group was slightly higher than that of the control group. From birth to weaning time the Briquette ash caused high survival rate (p$lt;0.02) compared to the control groups. During growing-finishing period, pigs fed Briquette ash ad libitum gained more weight and consumed more feed. Feed conversion was also improved by feeding Briquette ash ad libitum. In conclusion, it might be suggested that the pigs farrowed from sow fed ad libitum Briquette ash could grow without Fe injection and when fed Briquette ash ad libitum, grorving-finishing pigs could gain more rapidly.

煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料 開發에 關한 硏究

鄭鉉丞,李乙熙,金哲旭,宋瑛敏,吳錫斗 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1990 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.3 No.-

우리나라에서 年間 50萬M/T 生産廢水處理되는 魚汁中의 蛋白質, U.G.F., Ca等과 991萬M/T 生産廢棄되는 煉炭灰中의 Fe, Zn等의 微量鑛物質을 混合한 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料(FBF:Fish-soluble-abosorbed briquette ash feed)를 開發하기 爲하여 一次로 1981年부터 1984年까지 煉炭灰의 成分分析과 煉炭灰 添加給與試驗을 哺乳中仔豚과 育成-肥育豚에 實施하였고 哺乳中 仔豚에 實施하고 있는 1, 2次 鐵分注射代用 給與試驗을 거쳐 添加給與飼料化 可能性 確認後 1985年부터 1989年까지 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 製造하여 5∼10% 添加 給與試驗結果 優秀한 成績이 나타났으므로 3%, 5%, 10% 水準을 代替配給한 飼料를 製造하여 哺乳仔豚의 鐵分注射代用으로서의 效果, 育成期, 肥育期, 育性-肥育期의 飼養試驗, 試驗飼料의 製造,貯藏性, 消化率 및 經濟性, 豚의 背脂肪層,屠體率, 血液像 等으로 調査한 바 다음과 같다. 1. 煉炭灰와 煉炭의 一般成分 및 鑛物質 分析結果 煉炭灰의 成分含量은 수분(0.15%), 조단백질(0.52%), 조지방(0%), 조섬유(4.13%), NFE(0%), 조회분(95.35%), Ca(0.807%), P(0.074%), K(0.138%), Na(0.025%), Mg(0.183%), Fe(3,769mg/kg), Mn(98mg/kg), Zn(139mg/kg) 및 Cu(21.0mg/kg)이였고 煉炭은 NFE(10.96%), 조회분(71.35%), Ca(0.224%), P(0.043%), K(0.158%), Na(0.039%), Mg(0.191%), Fe(7,385mg/kg), Mn(116mg/kg), Zn(306mg/kg) 및 Cu(17.5mg/kg)이었다. 2. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料成分 分析 煉炭灰 500g에 濃縮魚汁量을 50g에서 250g 및 1,250g 乾物換算(1:1) 水準까지 混合시킨 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料의 成分含量은 濃縮魚汁量이 50g일때는 各各 11.69% 및 31.31%와 2.61% 및 10.6%로 增加하였고 粗纖維와 粗灰分은 各各 5.51% 및 3.86%와 62.82% 및 50.42%로 감소하였다. 아미노酸 成分에서 lysine의 境遇 濃縮魚汁量이 50g일 때 0.19%로 나타났으나 濃縮魚汁量 增加에 比例하여 250g일 때 0.75%로 나타났다. 기타의 아미노酸들도 濃縮 魚汁量이 增加할수록 아미노산 含量이 높게 나타나는 傾向을 보였다. 鑛物質成分은 Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg, Mn 및 Co등은 濃縮魚汁量인 높을수록 높게 나타났다. 3. 哺乳中의 成長期와 離乳後 育成-肥育期에 微量鑛物質 供給濟로서 煉炭灰를 自由 採食시켰을 때 (1) 增體量은 配合飼料 單飼區보다 配合飼料 + 煉炭灰 給與區가 多少 높았으나 有意性은 認定되지 않았다(p>0.05). (2) 飼料效率은 配合飼料單飼區(4.71)보다 煉炭灰 給與 育成肥育區(4.84)가 약간 낮게 나타났다. (3) 仔豚育成區에서는 飼料效率이 3.0이었으며 萎縮豚에 效果가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. (4) 經濟性 分析結果 1kg增體當 飼料肥로 換算하면 配合飼料單飼區(829원)에서 比해 配合飼料 + 煉炭灰區(852원)가 23원이 增加하였다. (5) 仔豚育成區에서는 1kg 增體當 528원이 소요되었다. (6) 煉炭灰의 嗜好性은 좋은 편이었고 건강상태도 양호했다. 4. 哺乳仔豚에 鐵分注射代用으로서 效果 및 離乳仔豚의 育成期에 微量鑛物質 供給源으로서 煉炭灰를 3, 5, 7% 水準으로 添加 給與하였을 때 (1) 哺乳中 鐵分注射 代用으로 煉炭灰를 自由採食 시켜도 仔豚의 發育成績과 健康狀態는 異狀이 없었고 比較的 良好한 便이었다. (2) 增體量은 煉炭灰를 3% 添加 給與하였을 때 가장 좋게 나타났다(P>0.05). (3) 飼料要求量은 對照區와 處理區間에는 큰 差異가 없었다(p>0.05). (4) 1kg增體에 所要된 飼料費는 T1(3% 첨가구), T2(5% 첨가), C 및 T3(7% 첨가구)에서 636.40, 646.72, 672.52 및 684.56원이었다. (5) 對照區에 比해 處理區에서의 血色素 含量은 암·수 供히 良好하였다. 5. 母豚과 哺乳仔豚에 煉炭灰를 自由 採食시켰을때의 乳汁을 通한 鐵分이 哺乳仔豚에 미치는 影響과 哺乳仔豚이 直接 採食하므로서 哺乳中 實施하는 鐵分注射代用으로서의 效果는 (1) 生後 3週間의 體重은 本 大學(5.27kg)이 原種豚(5.00kg)보다 다소 높게 나타났다. (2) 育成數 및 育成率은 本 大學(8.0頭, 86.0%)이 原種豚(8.3頭, 88.3%)보다 낮게 나타났다. (3) 離乳時 體重은 本 大學(17.8kg)이 原種豚(17.4kg) 보다 多少 높게 나타났다. (4) 分娩時期와 哺乳仔豚數가 같은 區에서 鐵分注射區와 煉炭灰給與區間의 比較成績은 煉炭灰給與區가 多少 좋게 나타났으나 有意差는 없었다(p>0.05). (5) 哺乳中 鐵分注射代用으로 煉炭灰를 自由採食시켜도 仔豚의 發育成績과 健康狀態는 異狀이 없었고 比較的 良好한 便이었다. 5. 哺乳仔豚에 2回 實施하고 있는 鐵分注射를 1回로 줄이고 哺乳母豚과 仔豚에 煉炭灰를 自由 採食시켰을 때 (1) 哺乳中 21日齡의 體重은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(4.48kg)가 鐵分注射 2回區(4.43kg)보다 苦干 좋게 나타났다. (2) 離乳時體重은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(16.8kg)가 鐵分注射 2回區(17.4kg) 보다 낮게 나타났다. (3) 15週齡의 體重은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(48.85kg)가 鐵分注射 2回區(46.0kg) 보다 좋게 나타났다. (4) 終了時 體重은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(78.3kg)가 鐵分注射 2回區(71.6kg) 보다 좋게 나타났다. (5) 日當 增體量은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(0.589kg)가 鐵分注射 2回區(0.537kg) 보다 좋게 나타났다. (6) 飼料效率은 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區(2.32)가 鐵分注射 2回區(2.34)보다 낮게 나타났다. (7) 鐵分注射 1回 煉炭灰給與區의 健康狀態는 正常이었다. 以上의 結果로 生後 3週齡까지의 鐵分注射 1回代替로서 煉炭灰 給與가 可能하고 育成-肥育 前期까지 微量鑛物質 供給源으로 煉炭灰 給與效果가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 7. 1981年부터 1984年까지 4年間 돼지에 煉炭灰를 급여하였을 때 鐵分注射代用 및 微量鑛物質 供給源으로서 效果를 究明하기 위하여 본 대학 부속목장에서 실시한 결과를 綜合的으로 考察해 본 것이다. 대체적으로 姙娠中 암돼지에 煉炭灰給與區와 대조구간에 나타난 仔豚의 生時體重, 21日齡 體重, 56日齡 體重은 有意的인 差異가 없었다. 育成率은 煉炭灰給與區가 優秀하였다. 離乳後 계속 煉炭灰를 給與한 育成豚은 대조구보다 15週齡 체중, 일당증체량 및 사료효율이 유의적으로 높았다. 이상의 결과를 綜合 考察할 때 平素에 煉炭灰를 먹이면 仔豚에 鐵分注射를 아니해도 이상이 없고 育成豚은 微量鑛物質 不足으로 발생하는 여러 가지 疾病이 발생하지 아니하였으므로 煉炭灰를 먹였을 때 돼지의 성장 및 飼料費 節減에 效果가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 8. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 育成期에 5%, 肥育期에는 10%를 添加하여 飼養試驗하였을 때 (1) 日當 增體量은 試驗區(784.52g)가 對照區(645.24g)보다 높게 나타났다. (2) 飼料攝取量은 試驗區(185.53kg)가 對照區(165.46kg)보다 높게 나타났으며, (3) 飼料效率은 試驗區(2.82)가 對照區(3.05)보다 有意的으로 높게 나타났다. (4) 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料 添加 飼養으로서 1kg 增體當 飼料費가 49.45원이 節減되었다. (5) 90kg 到達日齡은 試驗區(155日)가 對照區(169日)보다 14日이 短縮되었다. 9. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料의 代替水準(0%, 3%, 5%, 10%)別 飼養試驗成績은 (1) 育成期 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 C(0%), T1(3%), T2(5%), T3(10%) 水準別로 代替 配合한 飼料로 飼育하였을 때 ① 日當增體量은 試驗區가 T1:658g, T2:686g, T3:683g으로 對照區의 618g 보다 높게 나타났으며, ② 1일 飼料攝取量은 T3:1.61kg>T2:1.59kg>T1:1.55kg>C:1.54kg의 順으로 魚汁吸着飼料量이 增加함에 따라 증가하였다. ③ 增體量은 T2(38.47kg)>T3(38.20kg)>T1(36.83kg)>對照區(34.59kg)의 順으로 T2區가 가장 높게 나타났고, 飼料要求率도 T2(2.32), T1(2.36), T3(2.37)區의 순으로 좋게 나타났으며 全般的으로 處理區가 對照區(2.49)에 比하여 좋은 성적을 나타내었다. ④ 1kg 增體當 飼料單價는 T2區가 291.24원으로 가장 낮게 나타났고 對照區에 比해 1kg 增體當 24.62원의 節減效果가 나타났다. ⑤ 育成期飼料의 消化率은 對照區의 處理區間에 有意적인 差異가 없었고 貯藏期間에는 成分의 變化없이 安定한 것으로 나타났다. (2) 肥育期 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 配合飼料에 0%(C), 3%(T1), 5%(T2) 및 10%(T3) 水準으로 代替 配合하여 飼育하였을 때 ① 日當增體量은 T3(779.33g)와 T2(752g)에서 對照區(674g) 보다 높았고 (p<0.01) 飼料效率 및 90kg 到達日齡도 試驗區에서 良好한 成績을 나타내었다. ② 肥育飼料의 消化率은 多少 向上되는 傾向이나 有意的인 差異는 없었다. ③ 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料를 配合한 試驗區에서는 貯藏初期 7日間에 成分含量이 낮아졌으나 以後 21日까지는 安定的인 狀態를 나타내었다. ④ 背脂肪層 두께는 T3(10%)區가 1.51cm로 對照區 1.56cm보다 얇게 나타났다 (p<0.01). ⑤ 屠體率은 對照區(61.99%)에 比하여 試驗區(63.67∼64.65%)가 높게 나타났다 (p<0.01). ⑥ 1kg 增體에 所要된 飼料費는 對照區(386.81원), T1(374.19원), T2(347.79원) 및 T3(33699원)로써 試驗區의 飼料費가 절감되었다. (3) 育成-肥育期 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 配合飼料에 0%(C), 3%(T1), 5%(T2) 및 10%(T3) 水準으로 代替 配合하여 飼育하였을 때 ① 增體量, 日當增體量, 飼料效率 및 90kg 到達日齡 等에서 對照區에 比하여 FBF를 5%(T2), 10%(T3) 代替 配合하여 飼育하였을 때 良好하게 나타났다 (p>0.01). ② 育成期 및 肥育期飼料의 消化率은 多少 向上되는 傾向이었으나 有意性은 없었다. ③ 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料를 代替 配合한 試驗區에서는 貯藏初期 7日間에 成分含量이 낮아졌으나 以後 21日까지는 安定的 狀態를 나타내었다. ④ 背脂肪層은 T3(10%)區가 1.51cm로 對照區 1.56cm 보다 얇게 나타났다 (p<0.01). ⑤ 屠體率은 對照區(61.99%)에 比하여 試驗區(63.67∼64.65%)가 높게 나타났다 (p<0.01). ⑥ 1kg當 增體에 所要된 飼料費는 對照區(350.77원), T1(336.32원), T2(320.89원), T3區(316.11원)의 순으로써 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料 添加時 飼料費가 節減되었다. 10. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料와 濃縮魚汁을 配合飼料에 各各 10%씩 代替 給與하였을 때 (1) 終了時體重과 日當增體量은 對照區(94.05kg, 678g)에 比하여 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料 代替區(98.65kg, 752g) 및 濃縮魚汁代替區(95.40kg, 709g)順으로 나타났다. (2) 飼料效率은 對照區에 (3.65) 比하여 煉炭灰魚汁吸着代替區(3.24) 및 濃縮魚汁 代替區(3.40)에서 良好하게 나타났다. (3) 1kg增體當 所要飼料費는 煉炭灰 魚汁代替區(369.33), 濃縮魚汁代替區(388.15), 對照區(413.56)의 順으로 나타났다. (4) 90kg到達日齡은 煉炭灰魚汁 代替區(162.1), 濃縮魚汁 代替區(163.7) 및 對照區(166.9)의 順으로 短縮되었다. 11. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料給與 飼養時의 血液狀은 赤血球, 血色素量, 赤血球容積 및 白血球數는 無處理區에서 높은 편이고, 平均赤血球容積, 平均血球血色素量, 平均赤血球血色素濃度는 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料 添加區에서 약간 높았으나, 白血球 鑑別計劃數를 包含한 이들 血液像은 正常値 範圍內였다. 12. 哺乳仔豚에 鐵分注射代用으로서 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料를 給與하였을 때 (1) 日當 飼料攝取量은 對照區 408g 보다 處理區가 418g으로 10g이 더 높았다 (p<0.01). (2) 平均 日當增體量은 對照區 222.94g 보다 處理區가 296.89g이 더 높았다(p<0.01). (3) 飼料效率은 對照區 1.83 보다 處理區가 1.41로 改善되었다. (4) 哺乳仔豚에 鐵分注射代用으로 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料를 自由採食 시켰을 때 仔豚의 健康狀態의 發育成績은 比較的 良好하였다. 13. 煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料 代替 水準別 配合飼料製造費用은 1kg當 單價로서 育成期 配合飼料는 代替水準 0%가 125.34원, 3%가 125.56원, 5%가 126.03원 및 10%가 125.43원으로 나타났고, 肥育期飼料는 0% 113.31원, 3% 113.52, 5% 113.68, 10% 114.10원으로 나타났다 (煉炭灰 魚汁吸着飼料 1kg當 生産費 100원 基準). 以上의 結果를 보아 廢棄物인 煉炭灰와 廢水處理되는 魚汁을 混合하여 飼料資源化하므로써 飼料費節減, 飼料效率改善, 營養素利用 增進, 環境汚染防止, 公害處理, 煉炭灰魚汁吸着飼料 開發 活用으로써 導入飼料外貨 節減效果와 養畜農家의 所得增大에 이바지할 것으로 生覺된다. In Korea, 500,000M/T of fish soluble and 9,910,000M/T of briquette-ash are yearly produced and discarded as waste materials. A series of experiments was performed to develop fish soluble-absorbed briquette ash feed(FBF) in order to utilize the protein, UGF, Ca contained in the abandoned fish soluble and Fe, Zn, and other microminerals in the discarded briquette-ash. From the year 1981 to 1984 the chemical composition of briquette-ash was analyzed and its feeding effects on sucking, growing and fattening pigs were studied. Also the effects of briquette-ash addition for substituting Fe injection in pigs at sucking were examined. After the potential of briquette-ash feed was proved, from the year 1985 to 1989 fish soluble-absorbed briquette ash feed(FBF) was made and previously fed from 5 to 10%, subsequently, 3, 5, and 10% of pig ration was substituted by FBF and its effects on sucking pig as substitution for Fe injection, its feeding effects on growing, fattening and growing-fattening pigs, changes during storage, digestibility, economics, backfat thickness and hematological values were examined and gave results as follows. 1. Analysis of proximate composition and mineral contents of briquette and briquette-ash. Briquette-ash contained moisture(0.15%), C·protein (0.52%), C·fat (0%), C·fiber (4.13%), NFE (0%), C·ash (95.35%), Ca (0.807%), P (0.074%), K (0.138%), Na (0.025%), Mg (0.025%), Mg (0.183%), Fe (3,769mg/kg), Mn (98mg/kg), Zn (139mg/kg), Cu (21.0mg/kg). And in the briquette contained NFE (10.96%), C·ash (71.35%), Ca (0.224%), P (0.043%), K (0.158%), Na (0.039%), Mg (0.19%), Fe (7,385mg/kg), Mn (116mg/kg), Zn (306mg/kg), Cu (17.5mg/kg). 2. Analysis of Fish soluble-absorbed Briquette ash Feed (FBF). To study the effects of feeding Fish soluble-absorbed Briquette ash Feed (FBF) in pigs, firstly the chemical composition, mineral contents and amino acids contents of briquette ash absorbed concentrated fish solubles were analyzed. Increasing absorbed rate of concentrated fish soluble to briquette ash, chemical composition, mineral contents and amino acids contents resulted higher. 3. When the briquette-ash was fed ad libitum to sucking and growing-fattening pigs as micromineral supplements; (1) Body weight gain was little higher in the briquette-ash supplied group than control(p>0.05). (2) In the growing-fattening pig, feed efficiency was better in the control group (4.71) than the briquette-ash supplied group (4.84). (3) In the weaning pig the feed efficiency was 3.0 and suplemental effects of briquette-ash were outstanding in atrophic pigs. (4) Making economical analysis by term of feed cost per kg weight gain, in the briquette-ash supplemented group, the feed cost was increased to 852 won where it was 829 won in the control group. (5) In the weaning pig group, 528 won was used per kg weight gain. (6) The palatability of briquette-ash was good and healty conditions were normal, too. 4. When the briquette-ash was supplemented in 3%(T1), 5%(T2) and 10%(T3) to the sucking, weaning and growing pigs; (1) When the briquette-ash was fed as substitution for Fe injection for sucking pigs, the growing state and health conditions were good enough. (2) Body weight gain was best when 3% of briquette-ash was supplemented(p>0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in feed efficiency(p>0.05). (4) Feed costs required per kg weight gain for T1, T2 and T3 were 636.40, 672.52 and 684.56 won respectively. (5) Hematological values of treatment group were in normal range. 5. Effects of briquette-ash addition as substitution for Fe injection when breeding and sucking pigs are fed with briquette-ash. (1) The pig of this college (5.27kg) had slightly heavier average weight at the age fo 3 wks. than the purebred of National Livestock Breeding Station(5.00kg). (2) The purebred (8.3pigs. 88.3%) had higher litter size and survival rate at weaning than the pig of this college. (3) The pig of this college (17.8kg) had slightly heavier average weight at weaning than the purebred of National Livestock Breeding Station (17.4kg). (4) In the group equal to farrowing season and litter size at sucking, there were nonsignificant defferences for the reproductive traits between briquette-ash addition and Fe injection group. (5) When fed liberally, briquette-ash as the substitute for Fe injection in sucking pig, there is relatively superior tendency to the growth and health conditions in pigs. 6. When the Fe injection was reduced to once and briquette-ash was supplied liberally; (1) Pig weight at 21 days was heavier in the pigs feeding briquette-ash after injected Fe once than in those injected Fe twice. (2) Pig weight at weaning(16.8kg) was lower in the pigs feeding briquette-ash after injected Fe once than in those injected Fe twice (17.4kg). (3) Pig weight at 15 wks. was heavier in the pigs feeding briquette-ash after injecte Fe once (48.85kg) than in those injected Fe twice (46.0kg). (4) Final body weight was heavier in the pigs feeding briquette-ash after injected Fe once (78.3kg) than in those injected Fe twice (71.6kg). (5) Feed efficiency was better in the pigs feeding briquette-ash after injected Fe once (2.32) than in those injected Fe twice (2.34) (6) The health conditions of the pigs feeding briquette-ash injected Fe once were normal. (7) The results obtainced in this study suggest that briquette-ash feeding can substitute Fe injection effectively supplementing sufficient microminerals from growing to fattening. 7. The results of feeding briquette-ash to pigs during 4 years from 1981 to 1984 in substitution for Fe injection and as micromineral supplements are reviewed. Generally, when sows are fed briquette-ash ad libitum, there were no significant differences in birth weight, weight at 21 days and weight at 56 days. The survival rate was better in the briquette-ash supplemented group. However when the briquette-ash was supplied continuously after weaning, there were significant differences in weight at 15 days, weight gain and feed efficiency. In conclusion, it might be suggested that the pigs farrowed from sows fed ad libitum briquette-ash could grow without Fe injection and when fed briquette-ash ad libitum, it can prevent micromineral deficiency and gain body weight more rapidly. 8. When FBF was added by 5% in the growing pig ration and 10% in the fattening pig ration; (1) Daily body weight gain was higher in the treatment group (784.52g) than the control group (645.24g). (2) Feed intake was higher in the treatment group (185.53kg) than the control group (165.46kg). (3) Feed efficiency was significantly higher in the treatment group (2.82) than the control group (3.05). (4) Adding FBF in ration, 49.45 won was saved per kg body weight gain. (5) Ages at 90kg were shortened by 14 days in the treatment group (155d) than the control group (169d). 9. Effects of levels 0%(C), 3%(T1), 5%(T2), and 10%(T3) of substitution of FBF (1) Growing period 1) Daily body weight gain was higher in the treatment group (T1:658g, T2:686g, T3:683g) than the control group (618g). 2) Daily feed intake was in order of T3:1.61kg>T2:1.59kg>T1:1.55kg>C:1.54kg. it increased according to the level of fish soluble. 3) Body weight gain was in order of T2:38.47kg>T3:38.20kg>T1:36.83kg>C:34.59kg. Feed efficiency was in order of T2:2.32>T3:2.37>T1:2.36>C:2.49. Generally the treatment group was better than the control group. 4) Feed cost per kg weight gain was lowest in T2(291.24won) and it saved 24.62won per kg weight gain compared to the control group. 5) There was no significant difference in the digestibility of growing diets and it was stable during the storage period. (2) Fattening period 1) Daily weight gain was higher in T3 (779.33g) and T2 (752.0g) than control (674.0g) significantly (p<0.01). Feed efficiency and ages at 90kg were also better in the treatment group. 2) Digestibility was improved in the treatment group by not signivicantly. 3) Until the 7th day of storaging period, the chemical composition of FBF added ration decreased but it did not show any change until the 27th day. 4) Backfat thickness was significantly (p>0.01) thinner in T3 (1.51cm) than control (1.56cm). 5) Dressing percentage was significantly (p>0.01) higher in the treatment group (63.67∼64.65%) than in the control group (61.99%). 6) Feed costs required per 1kg weight gain were 386.81 won in control, 374.91won in T1, 347.79 in T2 and 336.99won in T3. As result feed costs were saved adding FBF in the ration. (3) Growing-fattening period 1) Weight gain, feed efficiency and ages at 9kg were significantly higher in FBF added T2(5%) and T3(10%) group. 2) Digestibility of growing and fattening diet was improved in the treatment group but not significantly. 3) The chemical composition of FBF added ration decreassed slightly till the day 7 of storaging period. But after 7th day it did not show and change untill the dat 27. 4) Backfat thickness was significantly (p<0.01) thinner in T3 (1.51cm) than control (1.56cm). 5) Dressing percentage was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the treatment group (63.67∼64.65%) than in the control group (61.99%). 6) Feed costs required per 1kg weight gain were 350.71won in control, 336.32 won in T1, 320.89won in T2 and 316.11won in T3. As result feed costs were saved when FBF was added in the ration. 10. When the ration was substituted by FBF and fish soluble by 10% respectively; (1) Final weight and daily weight gain were 94.05kg, 678g in control group whereas 98.65kg, 752g in FBF substituted ration and 95.40kg, 709g in fish soluble substituted ration. (2) Feed efficiency was 3.65 in control group whereas 3.24 in FBF substituted ration and 3.40 in fish soluble substituted ration giving better resuluts. (3) Feed cost required per kg weight gain was in order of FBF substituted ration (369.33 won), fish soluble substituted ration(388.15 won) and control group (413.56 won). (4) Ages at 90kg were in order of FBF substituted ration (162.1), fish soluble substituted ration (163.7) and control group (166.9). 11. Hematological values of FBF fed pigs RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and WBC were higher in the non-treated group, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were a little higher in the treated group. And all the above hematological values including differential count were within the normal range. 12. Effects of FBF addition as substitution for Fe injection for sucking pigs. (1) Daily feed consumption was larger by 10g in the treatment group (418g) than in the control group(408g). (2) Average daily weight gain was larger by 73.95g in the treatment group (296.98g) than in the control group (222.94g). (3) Feed efficiency was higher in the treatment group (1.41) than in the control group (1.83). (4) When the sucking pigs were fed liberally FBF as the substitute for Fe injection, there was relatively superior tendency to their growth and health conditions. 13. Production cost of FBF per kg (when the production cost of 1kg of FBF is fixed as 100 won) (1) Growing 0% ; 125.34 won, 3% ; 125.56 won, 5% ; 126.03 won and 10% ; 125.43 won (2) Fattening 0% ; 113.31 won, 3% ; 113.52 won, 5% ; 113.68 won and 10% ; 114.10 won As conclusion, making FBF with the abandoned briquette-ash and fish soluble results in lowering feed cost, increasing feed efficiency, increasing nutrient availability, decreasing pollution, saving the foreign currency used to import feed ingredients and increasing farmers income.

지리산 면양목장조성에 관한 연구 제7보 자연초지에서의 면양사육시험

정현승,문승식,염월형,강창중 ( H . S . Chung,S . S . Moon,W . H . Yom,C . J . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1974 한국축산학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Five of ten Corriedale weaning ewe-lambs were fed native grasses with or without some concentrate supplements on the native grasslands for sheep range development in the Mt. Chiri from July 6, 1970 to October 30, 1971. 1. The daily body gain of ewes fed native grasses with or without concentrate supplements was averaged 110g and 122g respectively for the first grazing period and 64g and 63g for the second grazing period. There were no significant differences in the daily gain for the periods between both groups. The daily gain for the first dry-lot feeding period in the ewes fed supplements was 46g, which was significantly (P$lt;0.05) more than that in the ewes fed native grasses (33g), but there was no significant difference in the over-all average daily gain through the experimental period between both groups (65 vs. 63g). 2. The total digestible nutrients required for 1㎏ body gain were 10.549㎏ and 7.973㎏ respectively, in the ewes fed native grasses with or without concentrate supplements through the whole periods. 3. The fleece yield in the groups of feeding the native grasses with or without supplements was averaged 3.43 and 3.45㎏ respectively. 4. Three of four or five ewes used were pregnant in the group of feeding native grasses with or without supplements. 5. In the group of feeding native grasses with supplements, three of five ewes were infected with Lumbar paralysis from which one of them was died during the first grazing period. 6. The gross revenue and labor cost per ewe were similar in both groups, but the concentrate supplement cost was 2,987 won which resulted in decrease of farm income for the group of feeding native grasses with concentrate.

돈방 상부공간을 이용한 가토사육이 돼지의 증체에 미치는 영향

정현승,한인규,유동준,김철욱 ( H . S . Chung,I . K . Han,D . J . Yoo,C . W . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.7

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the falling feces and residual roughage when rabbit was raised on the interior upper space of the pig pen on the growth of 43 pigs farrowed. Animals were fed either formula feed only (A), formula feed + rabbit feces (B), formula feed + rabbit feces + residual roughage (C), or formula feed + residual roughage (D). Body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion of the group A were significantly (p$lt;0.05) poorer, than those of the other groups. Feed cost required to gain 1 ㎏ was considerably (p$lt;0.05) lower in the group C than in the other groups. The concentration of urea N in blood plasma of group D was significantly (p$lt;0.05) higher than those of the other groups. Ham and fat portions of the group B were significantly heavier than those .of the group A.

돈사상부공간을 이용한 가토사육이 돈의 증체에 미치는 영향 제3보 . 가토 분뇨 및 잔사의 자유채식이 사료급여수준을 달리했을 때 이유자돈의 성장에 미치는 영향

정현승,이을희 ( Hyun Sung Chung,Ell Hee Lee ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.5