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북한 농업정책의 이중궤도: 집단농업과 농민사경제의 상호성을 중심으로
정은미 평화문제연구소 2007 統一問題硏究 Vol.19 No.1
This study aims at demonstrating the dual track of agricultural reform focusing on interaction between collective agriculture and farmers`` private economy in North Korea. The key functions of the collective agriculture are not to support the producers, namely, farmers but to support huge industrial population, to obtain the capital necessary for industrialization and to provide the light industry the materials, while farmers have to rely on the private sector to supplement the shortage of food and money distributed from their own collective farms. The important roles of farmers`` private economy are to give the households some vegetables, sometimes, some cereals, and other foodstuff and to provide the extra income through farmers`` markets. The relationship between collective agriculture and farmers`` private economy may be interdependent or complementary not antagonistic. Especially, the approval of limited private plot or kitchen garden and the use of farmersO markets are obviously the incentives to motivate farmers`` activities of production, reducing their discontent derived from the compulsive procurement at the lower price. The agricultural policies since the late 1990s are on the dual track: in collective agricultural sector, giving more incentive and autonomy to farmers or farms and strengthening the state``s control of agrarian resources, while in farmers`` private economic sector, deregulation and institutionalization.