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참여적 영향평가를 위한 그룹모델빌딩: 해상풍력 발전단지 사례
임효숙,조공장 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2023 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.24 No.2
Participatory impact assessment is necessary when the uncertainty of the project's future impact is high and complex stakeholder interactions exist. This study examines group model building (GMB) as an applicable method of participatory impact assessment. As a pilot application, a GMB workshop was conducted to assess the impact of offshore wind farm construction projects in local areas of South Korea. Researchers and practitioners participated in the workshop and performed small group activities designed according to the GMB scripts. The results of the workshop showed that GMB's activity of building a causal loop diagram could contribute to assessing the uncertain impact and address complex interests by integrating diverse knowledge and perspectives on the future impact of offshore wind farms. Through reflection on the workshop experience, the authors discuss the feasibility of using the GMB workshop as a participatory impact assessment method.
임효숙,조공장,강선우 한국풍력에너지학회 2021 풍력에너지저널 Vol.12 No.4
This study aims to find ways to increase stakeholder acceptance of offshore wind farms in Korea by improving their implementation processes. To achieve this, the study focused on the designation procedures for offshore wind farm zones in the Netherlands and Japan. Both countries have recently reorganized their national procedures by enacting new legislation. The study compared the two countries’ procedures and investigated which roles are being assigned to governments and business operators separately, and when and how stakeholders are engaged in the consultation processes. The Netherlands showed a centralized model where the central government takes responsibility not only for site selection but also site investigation and design. Business operators come in at the construction stage. On the other hand, Japan assigned more roles to local governments. The local governments recommend possible alternatives for wind farm zones to the central government. They must also confer with a public-private consultation council before zone decisions are made to ensure stakeholder acceptance. Business operators participate from the stage of site design, which is a much earlier stage compared to the Netherlands. After an investigation of the two countries cases, the study discusses implications of the possible improved implementation processes of offshore wind farms in Korea.
에너지 효율 개선의 반등효과에 대한 시스템다이내믹스 모델링: 승용차 연비 개선을 중심으로
임효숙 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2019 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.20 No.4
This study aims to understand the causal mechanisms of generating rebound effects from improved energy efficiency through system dynamics modeling. The modeling centers on the sector of automobile fuel-efficiency in the EU countries. Two different disciplines on rebound effects - economic theory and social practice theory - have developed explanations of why the phenomenon occurs by which a system dynamics model is developed. Computer simulations allow seeing the long-term effect of the enhancement in fuel-efficiency, compared to the baseline trend, showing the size of the contribution to the energy-saving goals. The result of the simulations shows that the increase in fuel-efficiency does not ensure a reduction in energy consumption because of significant rebound effects. It likely causes even backfires leading to an increase in energy consumption. Policy experiments elucidate possible pathways to decouple between energy consumption and driving distance as well as to overcome backfires.
婚前 異性交際와 姙娠에 對한 都市와 農村地域成人의 見解 比較
任孝淑,朴正漢 대한보건협회 1991 대한보건연구 Vol.17 No.2
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the opinion of 20―49 years old men and women in urban and rural areas on the association with opposite sex and the pregnancy before marriage. A questionnaire was administered to 1,426 men and women (749 in Taegu City and 677 in Kyungsan County) who were randomly selected with consideration of age, sex and educational level from March 1 to March 31,1988. Regarding offspring's association with opposite sex before marriage, the negative response rate was lower for the neighbor's offspring than for the respondent's own offspring, lower for son than for daughter, and was decreased as the age of offspring increased. And the negative response rate was lower in male respondents than in female respondents, in urban respondents than in rural respondents, and the negative response rate decreased as the respondent's age decreased and the educational level increased. Regarding the pregnancy of offsprings before marriage, the negative response rate was much higher than in case of association with opposite sex but the rate differentials between neighbor's offspring and own offspring, between son and daughter, and among age groups of offsprings were similar and the positive response rate had never been over 5% in any case. Also the response rates showed little difference between urban and rural, between men and women, among age groups and among educational levels. In case of premarital pregnancy of respondent's own offspring, they showed a high negative response rate and the positive response rate was less than 5% even if the offspring were in marriageable age. However, around 30% of the respondents considered that their neigbors would accept the premarital pregnancy if the offspring were in marriageable age. This contradictive response rates might reflect that the respondents have a great regard for their honor while approving the social changes. Although the respondents showed high negative response rate toward offspring's association with opposite sex and pregnancy before marriage, earlier studies revealed that over 50% of high school boys had experience of associating with opposite sex and around 3 % had sexual intercourse. A large gap between the behavior of adolescents and the opinion of older generation may cause conflicts between them. Therefore, adults should recognize the changing social climate of today and be prepared to guide their offsprings for sound association with opposite sex.