한국재정정책학회 정기학술대회 발표논문집 2001 . 2 . 10 . - 전자상거래관련 과세문제의 쟁점사항에 대한 분석

임정길 한국재정정책학회 2001 한국재정정책학회 정기학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

Salmon-Calcitonin 의 진통효과 및 Morphine 과의 상호작용

임정길 대한마취과학회 1995 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.28 No.3

Calcitonin is a peptide hormone involved primarily in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. However,clinical observations have shown that calcitonin does in fact possess an analgesic effect in a variety of painful disorders. So I studied the analgesic effect of intracerebroventricularly(i.c.v.) administered salmon calcitonin(s-CT) using the hot plate test and writhing test. The influence on the analgesia induced by morphine and naloxone reversibility was also studied. When s-CT was administered i.c.v., analgesia was observed in both tests,although it was greater in the writhing test than in the hot plate test. The analgesic effect of s-CT was partially but significantly reversed by naloxone. Thus, these results provide information about the antinociceptive effect of s-CT via interaction with both opiate and non-opiate mechanisms.

Epidural Steroid Injection: A Need for a New Clinical Practice Guideline

임정길 대한통증학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.27 No.3

계층적 분석기법(AHP)을 이용한 스마트워크 활성화를 위한 정보보호 준수사항 우선순위에 관한 연구

임정길(Jung-Kil Im),김상철(Sang-Chul Kim),이현욱(Hyeon-Uk Lee) 한국IT서비스학회 2013 한국IT서비스학회지 Vol.12 No.2

In this study, divide by a private enterprise and army, 2 organizations about observed priority item among administrator, service provider, user viewpoint about the information security item for smartwork activation and in 3 steps hierarchic according to AHP technique analyzed and decided priority for information security observance item. As a result, importance difference could confirm identified by administrator, service provider, user viewpoint period of about information security observance item recognizing in a private enterprise and army.

이론적 해석[FROST.B]과 현장 DATA를 통한 최근 도로 동결심도 연구

임정용,김인태,전종명,한용진,백정길 한국도로학회 2010 한국도로학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.3

백서에서 Capsaicin이 일차감각신경원에 미치는 영향

신광일,임정길 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.4

Background : Capsaicin acts specifically on a subset of primary sensory neurons involved in nociception. In addition to its excitatory actions, capsaicin can have subsequent antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects due to pharmacological, functional desensitization and axonal degeneration. Because capsaicin has selective actions on unmyelinated C and thinly myelinated Aδ primary sensory neurons, it can be speculated that intrathecally adminstered capsaicin results prolonged analgesia without adverse effects related to the destruction of the nonnociceptive nerve fibers. Methods : We performed experiments to investigate the effects of capsaicin on electrophysiological responses of acutely dissociated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and pain-like behaviors, such as tail flick responses to hot water (53oC), formalin-induced hyperalgesic responses and allodynic responses induced by peripheral nerve injury. Results : Capsaicin affects preferentially small- to medium-diameter rat dorsal root ganglion neuron. In capsaicin responsive cells, superfusion with capsaicin evoked membrane potential depolarization and large inward currents. Cellular excitablity was continuously suppressed even after 3 min wash-out. Intrathecally administered capsaicin had no effect on tail withdrawal latencies, but flinching responses induced by subcutaneous formalin and allodynic responses induced by peripheral nerve injury were suppressed by capsaicin. Conclusions : The results suggest that capsaicin which acts on primary sensory neurons carrying nociceptive information is effective in managing pain induced in a pathological condition, such as inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The data may also be applicable for seeking novel pharmacological strategies for managing intractable pain, i.e. chemical neurolysis. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 642∼653)

신경병증 백서에서 척수신경절 신경원의 Capsaicin에 대한 반응성 및 나트륨 전류의 변화

신광일,임정길,이정락,임태하,김종욱,황재현 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.2

Background : Allodynia, one of the most debilitating symptoms of neuropathic pain syndromes, can be defined as `pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain'. Subsets of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons involved in nociception are characteristically expressed capsaicin sensitivity and high proportion of tetrodotoxin resistant sodium current (TTX-R INa). We performed an experiment to elucidate whether nerve injury induced mechanical allodynia could be resulted from elctrophysiological modulation of large, nonnociceptive afferent neurons to nociceptors. Methods : Whole cell patch clamp recordings were made from acutely dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of normal and experimental neuropathic rats. We compared the proportion of capsaicin sensitive neurons which responded to capsaicin (1uM) with an inward current ≥ 100 pA in amplitude and the proportion of sodium channel subtypes measured in the absence and presence of tetrodotoxin (1 M), in small and large DRG neurons. Results : Th proportion of capsaicin sensitive cells to total number of cells tested was not changed by nerve injury in both small and large cell populations. In large cell population of nerve injured rats, the proportion of TTX-R INa was significantly increased as compared with normal group (p<0.05), and in small cell population of nerve injured rats, TTX-S INa was increased, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions : These data indicate that expression of the sensitivity to capsaicin in DRG neurons would not be altered by nerve injury and increased TTX-R INa in large cell population of nerve injured DRG may underlie increased excitability. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 259∼268)

백서의 포르말린 검사에서 경막내로 투여한 Morphine 과 NMDA 수용체 길항제인 MK801 및 CPP 의 진통효과

신광일,임정길 대한마취과학회 1996 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.30 No.2

Background: It is emphasized that repetitive stimulation of small diameter afferent fibers produces a progressive increase in the action potential discharge and a prolonged increase in the excitability of neurons in the spinal cord following the stimulus and that this facilitatory component has a unique pharmacology. To investigate the behavioral parallels of this spinal facilitation, we evalusted the antinociceptive effects of intrathecal morphine, N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA), (+)-5-methyl-10,11- dihydro-5H-dibizo(a,d) cycloheptene-5, 10-imine hydrogen maleate(MK801) and (±)-3-(2-carboxy- piperazine-4-yl)-propyl-I-phosphonic acid(CPP), on the formalin test in rats. Methods: Four to six days after chronic lumbar intrathecal catheterization, normal saline, morphine(0.1 to 30 ㎍), MK801(0.1 to 10 ㎍), CPP(0.1 to 5 ㎍) or NMDA(10 or 100 ng) were administered intrathecally before formalin injection. Spontanesous flinches were observed at 1-2 and 5-6 min(phase 1) and at 10 min intervals thereafter for 50 min(phase2) after subcutaneous formalin injection into the dorsum of the right hind paw for each drug treated rats. Results: Intrathecal morphine produced dose dependent inhibition of the phase 1 and phase 2 response(ED_(50)=0.63 ㎍ and 0.37 ㎍, respectively). Intrathecal MK801(0.1 to 10 ㎍) and CPP(0.1 to 5 ㎍) inhibited the phase 2 response more strongly than phase 1 response and inhibition of the phase 2 response(P$lt;0.05 at any dose) was dose dependent(ED50=0.54 ㎍ for MK801 and 0.15 ㎍ for CPP). 1ntrathecal NMDA(10 or 100 ng) produced augmented responses in the intermediate and phase 2(P$lt;0.05), but had no effect on the phase 1 response(P$gt;0.7). Relative potencies of MK801 and CPP when compared with morphine were 1.34 and 0.41, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that intrathecal morphine and NMDA receptor antagonist(MK801 and CPP) have an antinociceptive effect on pathological pain mediated by central sensitization and that NMDA receptor antagonists can be utilized selectively in the treatment of components of central sensitization.

백서의 말초 신경병증성 통증모델에서 Capsaicin에 의한 역방향성 임펄스의 차단이 기계적 이질통의발현에 미치는 영향

이청,임중우,임정길,함경돈,박철호,구승우,최윤,신진우 대한통증학회 2004 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.17 No.01

Background: Nerve impulses that are generated in injured nociceptive fibers and enter the spinal cord are known to cause central sensitization leading to neuropathic pain. Injury-induced impulses that are transmitted antidromically into the peripheral terminals of nociceptive fibers may also cause nociceptors to be sensitized, thus contributing to neuropathic pain. However, this possibility has not yet been tested. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of antidromic impulses on the mechanical allodynic behavior seen in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly into one of two groups, i.e., a capsaicin group or a vehicle group. Capsaicin group animals were treated with 1% capsaicin (4μl) in the stump of the distal nerve after severing the fifth left lumbar spinal nerve in order to inhibit delayed and continued antidromic impulses. The vehicle group was treated with same solution without capsaicin. The withdrawal threshold for mechanical allodynia was measured using von Frey hairs in terms of the bending force required to elicit hind-paw withdrawal. Threshold values were compared between the two groups. Results: The capsaicin group showed a statistically significant difference in terms of the paw withdrawal threshold as compared with the corresponding control from 12 days and this remained so until 32 days after treatment. Conclusions: Our results suggest that antidromic impulses developed by nerve injury are partly responsible for the development of mechanical allodynia.

Computed Tomography (CT) Simulated Fluoroscopy-Guided Transdiscal Approach in Transcrural Celiac Plexus Block

공유경,신진우,임정길,서정훈 대한통증학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.26 No.4

Conventional transcrural CPB via the “walking off” the vertebra technique may injure vital organs while attempting to proximally spread injectate around the celiac plexus. Therefore, we attempted the CT-simulated fluoroscopy-guided transdiscal approach to carry out transcrural CPB in a safer manner, spreading the injectate more completely and closely within the celiac plexus area. A 54-year-old male patient with pancreatic cancer suffered from severe epigastric pain. The conventional transcrural approach was simulated, but the needle pathway was impeded by the kidney on the right side and by the aorta on the left side. After simulating the transdiscal pathway through the T11-12 intervertebral disc, we predetermined the optimal insertion point (3.6 cm from the midline), insertion angle (18 degrees), and advancement plane, as well as the proper depth. With the transdiscal approach, we successfully performed transcrural CPB within a narrow angle, and the bilateral approach was not necessary as we were able to achieve the bilateral spread of the injectate with the single approach.