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Gd₂O₃-ZrO₂계 고체전해질의 미세구조와 전기전도도
임용무 광주보건대학 2000 論文集 Vol.25 No.-
The zirconia ceramics containing 3~5mol% GdO were sintered at 160℃ for 5h. With additions of less than 10mol% of gadolinia, the sintered zirconia consists of both cubic and monoclinic crystalline phases. During sintering of the zirconia, lots of cracks developed as is typical of non-stabilized zirconia ceramics. But the addition of 15mol% of GdO makes the zirconia stabilized as a cubic phase with lattice parameter a=5.168Å. By two-probe impedance spectroscopy, the Cole-Cole plot for the 15mol%GdO-ZrO measured at 600℃ showed two well separated semicircles. The resistivity of the grain, R and of the grainboundary, R was 148 and 215ohm?㎝, prspectively. The blocking factor a was 0.31. The total eletrical conductivity of 15mol%GdO-ZrO at 1000℃ was 0.15S/㎝, and the activation energy obtained from Arrhenius plot was 0.92eV.
$(Gd_2O_3)_{0.05}(Y_2O_3)_{0.05}(ZrO_2)_{0.9}$계의 소결시간에 따른 미세구조와 전기전도도
임용무,장복기,신동선,김동근,김종빈,윤성도 한국전기전자재료학회 1998 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.11 No.12
In this study, the microstructure and electric conductivity of 5mol% $Gd_2O_3$-5mol% $Y_2O_3-ZrO_2$ system(5G5YZ) with a variation of sintering time at $1600^{\circ}C$ were investigated. By the result of TEM analysis of 5G5YZ sintered for 12h, a microcrack was observed near grain boundary. The change of the sintering time did not affect the lattice conductivity, but the grain boundary contribution was varied with the sintering time. The grain boundary conductivity of the sample sintered for 1h showed the highest value. Furthermore, the activation energy of the total conductivity was independent upon the sintering time and showed approximately 1.01eV. The highest conductivity measured at $1000^{\circ}C$ was 0.0197S/cm with the sample sintered for 1h. Comparing to 0h’s, the thickness ration of grain boundary as a function of sintering time were 0.88, 1.11 and 1.29 for 1h, 5h and 12h, respectively. In case of the sample sintered for 1h, the thickness of the grain boundary showed the lowest value. The increase of the sintering time over 1h made the decrease of the electric conductivity as well as the increase of the grain growth and the thickness of the grain boundary. As a result, it seemed that the proper sintering time for 5G5YZ composition was 1h.
양백에 코팅된 비정질 TiO<sub>2</sub> 박막의 특성에 관한 연구
임용무,김상문,심문식,장희진,신종윤,황규석,Lim, Yongmu,Kim, Sangmoon,Shim, Moonsik,Jang, Heejin,Shin, Jongyoon,Hwang, Kyuseog 한국안광학회 1999 한국안광학회지 Vol.4 No.1
금속 안경테의 제조에 가장 많이 사용되는 범용 양백의 표면에 2%Ti-naphthanate toluene solution을 $TiO_2$의 전구체로 하여 sol-gel spin coating을 행하고 $500^{\circ}C$에서 열처리 한 코팅 층의 형성조건 및 표면 구조 그리고 표면색상을 Optical photometer외 색차계 그리고 X-선 회절분석기로 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. $TiO_2$ 박막의 열처리 온도는 $500^{\circ}C$가 적정하였으며 1회 코팅 시의 평균 두께는 $0.24{\mu}m$이었으며 코팅 횟수 증가에 따라 직선적으로 증가하였다. $TiO_2$ 코팅 층의 결정구조는 비정질 상태로 존재하였고 색상은 코팅 횟수에 따라 변화하였으며 2회 코팅한 경우는 적색이 미세하게 출현하였으며 3회 코팅한 경우에는 검붉은 색이 발현되었다. 명도는 55.92(1회)에서 코팅 횟수가 증가함에 따라 점차 저하하였으며 a는 3회 코팅까지는 red계열로 증가하다가 급격히 저하하며, b는 꾸준히 감소하여 blue계열로 변화하는 경향을 보였다. 금 색상의 발현을 위해서는 1회 코팅인 $0.24{\mu}m$ 두께의 $TiO_2$ 비정질 막이 적합하였다. $TiO_2$ thin films were spin coated on commercial Nickel-Silver with 2%Ti-naphthanate toluene solution by sol-gel process. The thin films were heat-treated at $500^{\circ}C$ for 2min and then decorative-protective coating was obtained. The conditions for gold colored coating, and the morphology, microstructure and color of the coating surface were have been characterized by Optical microscope, Photospectrometer and XRD. The heating temperature of colored-$TiO_2$ coating was $500^{\circ}C$ and was preferable. The average thickness of 1 time coating was $0.24{\mu}m$ and the total thickness increased linearly as a function of the coating time. The color of amorphous colored-$TiO_2$ coating was changed from gold to dark redish gold with coating time. 'L' as lightness and 'b' were decreased to red, but 'a' was decreased to blue after increase with coating time.
임용무,김병훈,전영선,Kyung-Ok Jeon,황규석 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2005 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.6 No.3
A cost-effective film deposition technique called electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) was used to prepare bioactive calcium phosphate thin films. The hydroxyapatite - forming ability of calcium phosphate films after different immersion times has been investigated in Eagle’s minimum essential medium solution. The microstructure of the newly-formed layer on the films was established by a combination of X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the layers are carbonated hydroxyapatite after immersion for 15 days.
Nickel-doped titanium oxide films prepared by chemical solution deposition
임용무,안준형,전영선,정주현,황규석,김병훈,전경옥 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2005 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.6 No.4
15 mol% nickel-doped titanium oxide thin films were prepared from metal naphthenate precursors. Films prefired at 500 oC for 10 minutes were annealed at 600 oC for 30 minutes in air. The crystallinities of the annealed films were investigated by a high resolution X-ray diffraction system. A surface morphological study was made to characterize the surface structure of the films. A sharp absorption edge of the films was observed. The films containing nickel showed a shift towards the visible in the absorption threshold.
$H_2O$ 증착법에 의한 알루미나 시멘트 경화체의 기공구조 연구
임용무,장복기 한국세라믹학회 1993 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.30 No.4
Using water vapor (de)sorption isotherm, pore structure analyses were performed for hardened cement pastes by a combination of the "MP-method" for the micropores and the "corrected modelless method" for the wide pores. This work was carried out to investigate the pore structure and to understand the microstructural basis of alumina cement developing much higher strength than Portland cement. Alumina cement shows extremely low microporosity and its wide pores are also composed mainlyof pores with very small radii. And the pore structure analysis results are consistent with the high strength property of alumina cement.y of alumina cement.
임용무(Yong Moo Lim),심문식(Moon Sik Shim),심현석(Hyun Seog Sim),김상문(Sang Moon Kim) 한국안광학회 2001 한국안광학회지 Vol.6 No.1
In this study, we compared the properties of 23 high and 55 low price sunglass lenses with the standards in the ordinary optical properties. materials, coloration, UV. IR and luminous transmittance, color acceptance for traffic signal, chromaticity and contrast sensitivity. The ordinary optical properties of the lenses met comparatively the requirements of the KS standard. The HIGH-type and LOW-type lenses were primarily made by glass and acrylate, respectively. In the coloration, HIGH-type was in group around neutral color but LOW-type was distributed widely on the line between 570 nm and 485 nm. There are fails in 7 of HIGH-type and 18% of LOW-type in the stimulus purity of the luminous transmittance. Wavelength of the UV/VIS cut-off was over 350 nm for HIGH-type but 6 of LOW-type was under 350 nm. In the erythemal UV, all HIGH-type met the needs of standards but 5 LOW-type failed with DIN standard. In the near UV, KS standard worked in stringency, and HIGH-type showed more failure than LOW-type. The characteristics of the IR transmittance of HIGH-type was better than that of LOW-type. In the color acceptance of traffic signal, all HIGH-type met the needs of ANSI standards but 21.8 of LOW-type failed with the standard. In the contrast sensitivity tested with various coloured sunglasses, the value increased with increasing of L and decreasing of test distance. In view of the results so far, HIGH-type met with excellent properties as compared with LOW-type.