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황지희,임완령,이기영 대한보건협회 2011 대한보건협회 보건종합학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-
[연구배경] 실내 아이스링크장은 제한된 실내 공간으로 계절에 상관없이 스케이트를 즐길 수 있는 장소이다. 최상의 빙질을 유지하기 위해 실내 아이스링크장에서 반드시 필요한 작업인 정빙은 가솔린이나 프로판과 같은 화석연료로 작동되는 정빙기계로 이루어지는데, 기계 가동 시 연료의 내부 연소로 인하여 인체에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 오염물질들이 배출된다. [연구목적] 본 연구에서는 국내의 실내 아이스링크장을 대상으로 극초미세입자(UFPs, Ultra Fine Particles)의 수 농도를 측정하여 정빙기계 가동에 따른 농도변화를 파악하고자 한다. [연구방법] 국내에 존재하는 실내 아이스링크장 40곳 중 12곳의 실내 아이스링크장에서 측정되었으며, 본 연구는 2009년 3~5월에 수행되었고, 극초미세입자의 측정은 광산란법을 이용한 TSI사의 Model 8525 P-Trak ultrafine particle counter로 측정하였다. 대상 시설의 정빙기계는 프로판을 연료로 하였으며, 정빙으로 인한 극초미세입자 농도의 영향을 보기 위해 적어도 한번 이상의 정빙 시간을 포함하여 각 장소마다 약 4시간 정도 이용객석과 인접한 곳에서 측정하였다. 또한 아이스링크장의 외부에 중요한 발생원이 없음을 확인하기 위해 20분 이상 실외의 극초미세입자 농도를 측정하였다. [연구결과] 측정된 실내 아이스링크장 12곳의 극초미세입자의 평균 수 농도는 30,987 ±16,483 particles/cm3였고, 아이스링크장 외부의 극초미세입자의 평균 수 농도는 16,979 ±5,390 particles/cm3였다. 정빙 횟수가 한번 일 때와 두 번 일 때의 극초미세입자의 평균 수농도는 각각 16,376 와 33,909 particles/cm3로 정빙 횟수에 따라 농도는 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 실내 아이스링크장 12곳의 정빙 시작 시간을 기준으로 농도변화를 분석하여 보면 모두 정빙 시작을 기점으로 농도가 급격하게 증가하였고 시간이 지남에 따라 점점 감소하는 추세를 보였다. 극초미세입자의 12곳 최고 농도 수의 평균은 75,972 particles/cm3로 실내아이스 링크장의 평균 수 농도와 비교하였을 때 약 2.5배 높았다. 프로판가스를 연료로 사용하는 정빙기계 가동에 따른 농도변화를 통해 실내 아이스링크장에서 극초미세입자에 의한 배출오염으로 인한 노출이 큰 것을 알 수 있었다.
임수길,김정윤,임완령,손홍지,이기영,Lim, Soo-Gil,Kim, Joung-Yoon,Lim, Wan-Ryung,Sohn, Hong-Ji,Lee, Ki-Young 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.2
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of major public health threats. Since secondhand smoke is complex mixture of toxic chemicals, there has been no standardized method to measure SHS quantitatively. The purpose of this manuscript was to review various quantitative methods to measure SHS. There are two different methods: air monitoring and biological monitoring. Air monitoring methods include exhaled carbon monoxide level, ambient fine particulates, nicotine and 3-ethenylpyridine. Measurement of fine particulates has been utilized due to presence of real-time monitor, while fine particulates can have multiple indoor sources other than SHS. Ambient nicotine and 3-EP are more specific to SHS, although there is no real-time monitor for these chemicals. Biological monitoring methods include nicotine in hair, cotinine in urine, NNK in urine and DNA adducts. Nicotine in hair can provide chronic internal dose, while cotinine in urine can provide acute dose. Since biological monitoring can provide total internal dose, identification of specific exposure source may be difficult. NNK in urine can indicate carcinogenicity of the SHS exposure. DNA adducts can provide overall cancer causing exposure, but not specific to SHS. While there are many quantitative methods to measure SHS, selection of appropriate method should be based on purposes of assessment. Application of accurate and appropriate exposure assessment method is important for understanding health effects and establishing appropriate control measures.
실내금연법 실시가 실내환경, 건강, 흡연행태에 미치는 영향
이지연(Jiyeon Lee),임완령(Wanryung Lim),김정윤(Joung Yoon Kim),손홍지(Hongji Sohn),임수길(Soogil Lim),이기영(Kiyoung Lee) 한국실내환경학회 2008 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.5 No.3
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of major public health threats in morbidity and mortality. Several national and regional comprehensive smoke-free regulations have been implemented to prevent public health exposure, but not in Korea. The purpose of this manuscript was to review impacts of the national or regional smoke-free legislations on indoor air quality, health effects and smoking behaviors. Indoor air quality has been improved significantly after smoke free policy. Such improvement was measured by fine particulates and urinary cotinine. Respiratory and cardiovascular health effects were significantly improved after smoke free policy. This is an indirect evidence of association between secondhand smoke exposure and the health effects. Respiratory symptoms were improved as short as one month after smoke free policy. Smoke free policy was also associated with improved perception of danger of secondhand smoke. Reduction of smoking prevalence was also unexpected benefit of smoke free policy. As reviewed in this paper, smoke free policy can be beneficial to indoor air quality, health effects and smoking behaviors. Since Korea does not have comprehensive smoke free policy yet, it is strongly recommended to implement national comprehensive smoke free policy.
휴대용 XRF를 이용한 서울시 학교 내 어린이용품 중 일부 유해물질 함량 조사
김규상,박현경,최길용,임완령,신규진 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Objectives: Excluding in their homes, children spend most of their time at an elementary school, daycare center, and/or kindergarten. For educational or recreational purposes, they make use of many children’s goods at these places. Some children’s goods contain phthalates and heavy metals with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), so due to their physiological and behavioral characteristics children are exposed to high concentrations of phthalates and heavy metals. This study aims to measure PVC and heavy metals, which are harmful substances in children’s goods which can have an effect on children’s health. Methods: Six samples of children’s goods were selected through cases of detected harmful substances and the results of previous research, including assembly blocks, model toys, household toys, bags, indoor play equipment, and floor mats. The selected items were measured using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), and the presence and content of environmentally harmful substances such as PVC or heavy metals in the materials of children's goods were examined. Results: The highest detection rate for PVC was observed in floor mats, and bags and indoor play equipment were higher than other goods in this regard. The highest detection rate for heavy metals was found in bags, followed by indoor play equipment, assembly blocks, household toys, model toys and floor mats. Except for bags containing heavy metals, five goods showed the highest level of Pb compared to other heavy metals. Floor mats contained the highest level of Pb, Cr, and Cu among all goods. Conclusion: Many children’s goods contain PVC and heavy metals, and high levels of heavy metals have been detected in some goods. It is necessary to manage children’s goods to support their health.