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임무혁 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.5
All countries worldwide are experiencing difficulties in setting maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticide residues in food commodities due to prohibitive costs, labor, and other expenses. The Codex Alimentarius (Codex) is actively engaged in revising the classification of food commodities that are grown in small areas; however, setting MRLs for all agricultural commodities has not been effective. Modified food classifications for groups of agricultural commodities were established for setting MRLs of pesticides for each food commodity. Codex accepted various countries’ opinions that the old food classification of commodities can no longer be applied to the present food classifications; therefore,from 2009, Codex started to revise their food classifications. To set pesticide MRLs for agricultural products grown in small fields,groups of agricultural commodities were subdivided, and new food classifications were used. The food classification revised by Codex made it easy to set up group MRLs. After the Codex food classification was revised, jujube and persimmon, which were previously classified as tropical fruits, were grouped as pome fruits and stone fruits based on the opinion of the Korea Food &Drug Administration (KFDA). In addition, KFDA submitted more comments on the classification of various vegetables. As a result,Korean vegetables were included in the food classification by Codex. The current Codex food classifications in Korea still have not adopted a group-specific subdivision system that is already used in Codex and the US internationally harmonized food classification revisions by Codex might resolve the difficulty of setting up pesticide MRLs for agricultural commodities such as vegetables in Korea. Consequently, food classifications in Korea,which are in harmony with the Codex food classification, will be of great help in setting the group MRLs for the minor crops of Korea.
임무혁,정명근 한국작물학회 2008 Korean journal of crop science Vol.53 No.-
Soybean [Glycine max (L.)] is a major source of protein for human and animal feed. Inter- and intragenotype variation of soybean protein has been investigated by soybean researchers. However, limited sample amount of soybean single seed there is no report that investigated intra-plant variation of soybean protein within soybean plant. Recently a non-destructive NIR (near-infrared reflectance) spectroscopy using single seed grain to analyze seed protein was developed. The objectives of this study were to understand variation of seed protein content within plant and to determine the amount of minimum sample size which can represent protein content for a soybean plant. Frequency distribution of protein content within plant showed normal distribution. There was an intra-cultivar variation for protein content in soybean cultivar Seonnogkong. Difference of protein content among single plants of Seonnokong was recognized at 5% level. Seeds in lower position on plant stem tended to accumulate more protein than in higher position. There was significant difference for protein content between sample size 5 seeds and sample size of more than 5 seeds (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seeds) at a soybean plant with 57 seeds however no difference was recognized among sample size (5, 10, 20, and 30 seeds) at a soybean plant with 33 seeds. Around 20% seeds of soybean from single plant needed to determine the protein content to represent protein content of single soybean plant. This study is the first one to report evidence of intra-plant variation for protein content which detected by non-destructive NIR spectroscopy using single seed grain in soybean. Soybean [Glycine max (L.)] is a major source of protein for human and animal feed. Inter- and intragenotype variation of soybean protein has been investigated by soybean researchers. However, limited sample amount of soybean single seed there is no report that investigated intra-plant variation of soybean protein within soybean plant. Recently a non-destructive NIR (near-infrared reflectance) spectroscopy using single seed grain to analyze seed protein was developed. The objectives of this study were to understand variation of seed protein content within plant and to determine the amount of minimum sample size which can represent protein content for a soybean plant. Frequency distribution of protein content within plant showed normal distribution. There was an intra-cultivar variation for protein content in soybean cultivar Seonnogkong. Difference of protein content among single plants of Seonnokong was recognized at 5% level. Seeds in lower position on plant stem tended to accumulate more protein than in higher position. There was significant difference for protein content between sample size 5 seeds and sample size of more than 5 seeds (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seeds) at a soybean plant with 57 seeds however no difference was recognized among sample size (5, 10, 20, and 30 seeds) at a soybean plant with 33 seeds. Around 20% seeds of soybean from single plant needed to determine the protein content to represent protein content of single soybean plant. This study is the first one to report evidence of intra-plant variation for protein content which detected by non-destructive NIR spectroscopy using single seed grain in soybean.