Usefulness of Cytologic Study of Intraoperative Suction Fluid in Brain Tumors

이혜경,이형진,이은희,김희정,이일우,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Hyung-Jin,Lee, Eun-Hee,Kim, Hee-Jung,Lee, Il-Woo The Korean Society for Cytopathology 2002 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.13 No.2

In diagnosing a brain tumor, it is essential to obtain samples from many areas of the tumor. Although there are reports about the suitability of material obtained by cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator(CUSA), there is a paucity of reports regarding conventional intraoperative suction. This study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of the suction fluid and the effect of different hemolytic fixatives. Intraoperative suction fluid was obtained from 2 pituitary adenomas and 2 choroid plexus carcinomas. In two cases of mixed astro-oligodendroglioma, one of glioblastoma multiforme and 3 of meningioma, the fluid was collected by CUSA. Each sample was divided into four bottles for the different fixatives such as 0.1N HCI, 10% acetic acid, 95% alcohol, and no additive. All cases were evaluated by the both cytologic smear and cell block preparations, and were reviewed with concomitant histologic diagnosis. The result showed a good correlation between the cytologic study and the histologic diagnosis and 95% alcohol was found to be superior to other fixatives in ceil preservation.

주체의 욕망과 생명의식의 변화 양상 연구 - 박경리의 『표류도』를 중심으로 -

이혜경 ( Lee Hye-kyung ) 국제어문학회 2016 국제어문 Vol.0 No.70

이 논문은 박경리의 『표류도』에서 여성 주체들의 사랑과 이로 인한 생명의식의 이중적 변화 양상을 검토해 보고자 한다. 『표류도』는 작가의 다른 작품들과 비교 해 볼 때 `생명`의 의미를 가장 탁월하게 제시하고 있다는 점과 이것이 후에 대하 소설 『토지』에 구체적으로 형상화되고 있다는 점에서 중요한 의의가 있다. 박경리가 강조하는 생명의 특성이라고 한다면 현대의 기계화·물신화로 대변되는 `피동 성`과는 상반된 `능동성`이라는 개념으로 수렴된다. 그리고 이러한 운동성의 의미 는 니체의 `힘에의 의지`라는 생명의 원리와도 밀접한 상관성을 갖는다. 즉 본고에 서는 생(生)의 형태를 운동경향으로 파악하는 니체의 이론을 원용하여 작품에서 드러나는 인물의 변화에 주목하고자 한다. 『표류도』에서는 대조적인 두 주체(현회/광희)의 삶이 서사의 중심축을 이루고 있다. 이들은 작품의 전반부에서 공통적으로 애정 자체의 왜소화된 경향성을 나타낸다. 그러나 후반부에 가면 사랑의 거부 혹은 상실을 통해 밖(外)의 공간 체 험들이 이루어지면서 `삶`과 `죽음`이라는 비극적 색채가 극대화된다. 다시 말해 이러한 서사화의 의도는 작품에서 인물의 비윤리성을 비판하고 행위의 한계성 (광희)을 드러내기도 하지만, 삶이란 본질적으로 주체가 지닌 강인한 `의지`에 의해서 생성(生成)되어 간다는 사실(현회)을 지적하고자 한 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 작품의 말미에 `표류도(漂流島)`라는 비유적인 표현은 인간의 삶을 단적으로 표현하는 핵심적인 용어이자 이 작품의 주제를 상징화한다. 그러나 여 기에서 박경리는 주체가 갖는 생명의 힘의 발견만이 아니라, 타자(김 선생)와의 결합 혹은 조력자와 더불어 보다 확대된 생명의식을 요구한다. 즉 주체의 내면 적 생명 지향보다 한 단계 상승하여 `능동적 의지`로서 세계와 화합하며 보편적 생명의식을 지향하고자 한 것이다. This paper aims to review the dual changes in the love of female agents and the consequent change in their awareness of life. Pyo Ryu Do has its significance in that it exceptionally presents the meaning of life, which concretely takes shape afterwards in her epic novel, Toji. The characteristics of life that Park emphasizes converge on the concept of `activeness`, in contrast to passiveness which is represented by mechanization and materialization of modern era. The concept, mobility, is closely related to Nietzsche`s principle of life, `Will to Power`. This paper quotes Nietzsche`s principle that views the form of life as the tendency of movement and focuses on the changes of characters in Park`s work. In Pyo Ryu Do, the lives of contrasting two agents (Hyunhoi and Gwanghi) serve as the axis of the narration. In the first half of the work, both of them show the tendency of dwarfed love. However, in the second half of the work, they experience outer space through denial or loss of love, and the tragic color of `life` and `death` is maximized. In other words, though the story intends to criticize the immorality of the character and reveals the limitation of action (Gwanghi), it also points out the fact that life is created in essence by the strong will of an agent (Hyunhoi). Therefore, the figurative expression `Pyo Ryu Do` at the end of the work is the key expression that vividly describes the human life and a symbol of the theme of this work. Park, however, not only requires the agent to find the power of life but to unite with the other (Mr. Kim), or to expand the awareness of life with an assistant. That is, she moved a step further from an agent`s inner pursuit of life and harmonizes with the world with an active will, pursuing the universal awareness of life.

박경리의 『파시』에 나타난 타자 의식 연구 -‘고통’과 ‘책임’의 윤리를 중심으로-

이혜경 ( Lee Hye-kyung ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2019 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.40

이 논문은 박경리의 장편소설 『파시』에 나타난 타자 의식에 대해 레비나스의 이론을 원용하여 살펴보고자 한다. 레비나스에 의하면 주체는 타자의 존재로 인해 그 주체성이 성립될 수 있음을 말하며, 타자의 고통을 환대하고 대속(代贖)적 책임을 져야 한다고 강조한다. 이러한 윤리적 태도의 요청은 『파시』에서도 잘 드러나고 있다. 『파시』는 크게 두 서사를 중심축으로 전개되고 있으며, 각각 ‘신체’와 ‘의식’이 문제적으로 제시되고 있다. 먼저 ‘수옥/학수’로서, 수옥은 전쟁으로 인한 피난민 여성으로 신체를 유린당한다. 이러한 타자의 ‘고통’을 희생적 태도로 ‘책임’을 지고자 하는 주체가 학수이다. 다음으로 ‘명화/응주’로서, 명화는 광기라는 혈통에 고뇌하는 지식인 여성으로 의식이 절하된다. 이러한 타자의 ‘고통’을 완전히 수용하지 못하고 자신의 의식적 혼돈으로 인해 ‘책임’에서 멀어져 있는 주체가 응주이다. 결론적으로 수옥은 새로운 생명을 잉태함으로써 단절이 아닌 ‘지속(持續)’의 가능성을 보여주고, 명화는 현실을 벗어남으로써 새롭게 삶을 ‘재생(再生)’하게 된다. 이로써 타자들의 불행한 삶은 실존의 의미를 추구해 가는 과정이었다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 그렇다면, 『파시』라는 ‘제목’과 ‘서사’와의 상관성을 주목해 볼 필요가 있는데, 이를 통해 작가 의식 또한 추론해 볼 수 있다. ‘파시(波市)’는 이해득실에 따라 거래가 성립되는 것을 뜻하는 것으로, 여기에는 개개인의 타산적 욕망이 중요하게 작용한다. 예컨대 서울댁과 서영래는 수옥의 ‘신체’를 거래의 대상으로 삼았고, 박 의사는 명화의 ‘혈통(광기)’을 거부의 대상으로 삼음으로써 각각 비윤리적인 태도를 보여준다. 그러므로 작가 박경리는 타자가 지닌 고유한 인간으로서의 존엄성을 심각하게 훼손하는 작품의 형상화를 통해, 인간이 지녀야 할 진정한 윤리적 지향점과 그 실천적 태도를 제시하고 있는 것이다. This thesis intends to take a look at the theory of Emmanuel Levinas regarding the consciousness of the other party (l'Autre) displayed on 『Pasi』, a long novel of Park, Kyung-ri. According to Levinas, the main subject may establish the identity due to the existence of the other party and it emphasizes that the pain of the other party is to be hospitable and take up the redeemable responsibility. The request on such ethical attitude is demonstrated well no 『Pasi』. 『Pasi』 has two narratives to be deployed on the pivotal aspect and it presents each of 'body' and 'consciousness' for the issues. First of all, there were 'Soo-ok and Hak-soo', and with respect to Soo-ok, she was violated of her body as a refugee woman of war. With the sacrificial attitude of 'pain' inflicted on other parties, the subject to take on the 'responsibility' is Hak-soo. Next issue would be 'Myeong-hwa and Ong-joo' that Myeong-hwa was an intelligent woman who was antagonized of her lineage in madness with the decline of consciousness. Ong-joo was the subject to be far distance away from the 'responsibility' due to the conscious chaos herself with unable to completely accommodating the 'pain' of the other party. Conclusively, Soo-ok conceived a new life to display the possibility of 'sustenance', not the disconnection, while Myeong-hwa broke away from the reality for 'regeneration' a new life. Henceforth, the unfortunate lives of the other parties are affirmed that it is a process to pursue the existential implication. If so, it is imperative to take a look at the relativity between the title of 『Pasi』 and 'Narrative', and through this endeavor, the consciousness of the writer can also be presumed. 'Pasi' means to establish a transaction depending on pros and cons that it has the self-egoistic desire of each individual to work with significant implication. For example, Seoul Lady and Seo, Young-lae had taken the 'body' of Soo-ok as the subject of trading while doctor Park had taken the 'lineage (madness)' of Myeong-hwa as the subject of refusal in a way of displaying the unethical attitude of respective party. Therefore, the author, Park, Kyung-ri, suggests the genuine and ethical focal point and practical attitude for a human to keep through the imagery of work that seriously damages the dignity as a unique human being for the other party to keep.

박경리의 소설에 나타난 비극적 세계관 연구 -『김약국의 딸들』을 중심으로-

이혜경(Lee, Hye-kyung) 우리말글학회 2020 우리말 글 Vol.84 No.-

이 논문은 박경리의 장편소설 『김약국의 딸들』에서 부각되는 ‘비극(悲劇)’의 의미를 니체의 이론을 원용하여 살펴보고자 한다. 니체는 비극에 대해서 이성과 꿈의 ‘아폴론적인 것’과 감성과 도취의 ‘디오니소스적인 것’으로 구분한다. 이것은 삶을 구성하는 두 원리로도 이해될 수 있다. 즉『김약국의 딸들』에서는 ‘도덕적 가치’(아폴론적)에 억압되는 부모와, ‘자연적 가치’(디오니소스적)를 욕망하는 딸들이라는 측면에서 세대별로 구분된다. 우선 ‘김약국’은 가문의 존속을 위해 근친상간에 대한 소망과 현실을 벗어나고자 하는 의지를 체념하면서 비애에 갇힌 삶으로 일관한다. 그리고 ‘한실댁’은 가족의 안위를 위해서 주어진 삶에 관습적으로 복종하는 전통적인 여성상을 보여준다. 다음으로 ‘용숙/용란’은 현실의 일탈과 분별없는 방종을 시도하는 인물들로 본능의 충실에서 빚어진 욕정이 강조된다. 그리고 ‘용빈/용옥’은 홀로 된 고독과 소외를 느끼는 인물들로 종교에 몰두하며 구원을 염원한다. 이처럼 부모와 자식 세대는 각각의 가치관에 의해 살아가지만, 공통적으로 비극의 형태를 산출한다는 점에서 문제의식을 낳는다. 여기서 주지해야 할 것은, 작가 박경리는『김약국의 딸들』의 서사에서 비극적 양상을 형상화하는 것을 넘어서 한 차원 고양된 의식을 내포하고 있다는 사실이다. 니체가 디오니소스적 긍정을 강조하고 있는 것처럼, 비극적 상황들은 ‘용빈’을 통해 운명애(運命愛)로 수용되며, 또한 ‘용혜’를 통해 생성의 세계를 제시하고 있는 것이다. 즉 음양(陰陽)이 교차하는 생(生)의 원리처럼, 현존재에게 비극으로 실존의 위기에 놓이더라도 새로운 삶의 가능성이 도래한다는 것을 말하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of ‘tragedy’ highlighted in Park Kyung-ni’s full-length novel, 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』, by quoting Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche’s theories. Nietzsche divides tragedy into being ‘Apollonian’ of reason and dream and being ‘Dionysian’ of sensitivity and intoxication. This can be understood as two principles that form life. In other words, the generations in 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』 are distinguished in the aspect that the parents are suppressed by ‘ethical value’ (being Apollonian) while the daughters desire ‘natural value’ (being Dionysian). First of all, ‘pharmacist Kim’ sticks to life trapped in grief giving up his will to escape from reality and wish for incest to maintain the family. ‘Ms. Hansil’ shows an image of traditional women surrendering to life that is given customarily for the comfort of her family. Next, ‘Yongsuk/Yongran’ are the characters trying deviation from reality as well as reckless self-indulgence, and desire arising from their faith to instinct is highlighted in them. Also, ‘Yongbin/Yongok’, the characters feeling alienated and lonely being all by themselves, wish for the salvation immersed into religion. As written above, the parent and child generations live by their own values, but they produce the form of tragedy commonly, which raises the critical mind. What we have to focus on here is that in the narrative of 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』, writer Park Kyung-ni implies one-level heightened consciousness going beyond just embodying the aspect of tragedy. Just like Nietzsche stressing Dionysian positivity, she accepts tragic conditions as love of fate through ‘Yongbin’ and also suggests the world of generation through ‘Yonghye’. In other words, like the principle of life in which yin and yang come in turn, she tells what is present about the possibility of new life coming even if it exists in the risk of presence due to tragedy.

체액 검체에서 톨루이딘 블루 염색의 유용성

이혜경,주명진,이광민,이은희,심상인,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Joo, Myung-Jin,Lee, Kwang-Min,Lee, Eun-Hee,Sim, Sang-In 대한세포병리학회 1999 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.10 No.1

We evaluated the availability of toluidine blue stain in body fluids, such as peritoneal and pleural fluid and urine. Nine hundreds specimens, i.e., 400 pleural and 400 peritoneal fluids and 100 urine samples, respectively, from Jan. 1995 to May 1996 were included. We obtained the result of high sensitivity and high specificity. In toluidine blue stained body fluid in comparison with Papanicolaou stained result. Additionally, we found the diagnostically important crystals in chylothorax and some urine samples, which can not be seen in routine Papanicolaou stain. We thought the toluidine blue stain in body fluid is one of very useful diagnostic methods.

폐암진단을 위한 객담세포검사 결과 - 16개월간의 전주 예수병원 객담세포검사 결과를 바탕으로 -

이혜경,이광민,정동규,강대송,김귀완,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Kwang-Min,Chung, Dong-Kyu,Kang, Dae-Song,Kim, Kwi-Wan 대한세포병리학회 1994 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.5 No.2

A prospective survey of sputum cytologic specimen was performed for 16 months from Jan. 1993 to Apr. 1994 in Presbyterian Medical Center. The purpose of this study is to find the positive rate of sputum cytology in the diagnosis of lung cancer and to correlate these results with tumor location and stage. Sputum cytologic specimen were received from 104 patients among 158 patients diagnosed as lung malignancy by histologic examination. Cytologic diagnosis of "suggestive of malignancy" was made in 61 patients (59%) and dysplasia in 9 patients(9%), atypia in 14 patients(13%), benign in 15 patients(14%) and inadequate specimen in 5 patients (5%), respectively. Among 84 patients beyond the cytologic diagnosis of atypia, 51 patients (61%) disclosed a central location, while 33 patients (39%) showed peripheral lesions. All 54 patients diagnosed as suggestive of non-small cell carcinoma were stage III or over, and all 7 patients diagnosed as suggestive of small cell carcinoma were in advanced stage. These results suggest that the cytologic examination of sputum seems to be an important tool in diagnosis of lung cancer.

우울 증상과 관련된 어려움 유무에 따른 집단 차이

이혜경,김준원,송열매,이건석,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Kim, Jun Won,Song, Yul-Mai,Lee, Kounseok 대한생물정신의학회 2013 생물정신의학 Vol.20 No.2

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the differences according to depressive symptom-related difficulty status. Methods 2828 participants were a divided into depressive symptom-related difficulty group (difficult group, n = 774), and a non-depressive symptom-related difficulty group (not difficult group, n = 2054). The psychological character of the participants were assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Statistical analyses were done using t-test, chi-square, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results Compared with the no difficulty group, the difficulty group reported significantly higher score in all items of PHQ-9. The score of "feeling tired" was the highest and the score of "suicidal ideation" is the lowest in both groups. ANCOVA analysis that is adjusted with the total score of PHQ-9 showed the differences in SWLS, GHQ-12, and CD-RISC scores between the difficulty group and the no difficulty group. Conclusions The findings suggest that there are different characters on PHQ-9, SWLS, GHQ-12, and CD-RISC according to depressive symptom-related difficulty. Therefore, it is required not only to evaluate depressive symptoms in patients with depression, but also the depressive symptom-related difficulty to understand these differences.

귀밑샘의 상피-근육상피암종의 세침흡인 세포소견 -2예 보고-

이혜경,장은주,김주헌,강동욱,손현진,박미자,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Jang, Eun-Joo,Kim, Joo-Heon,Kang, Dong-Wook,Son, Hyun-Jin,Park, Mee-Ja 대한세포병리학회 2008 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low grade malignant tumor of the salivary glands and it shows a characteristic biphasic population of epithelium and myoepithelium. It shows various cytologic and histologic features, so making an exact diagnosis is difficult. We report here on two cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma arising from the parotid gland and we compare the cytologic findings of the aspirated samples with the histologic findings of the tumors. We think the finding of mixed pattern of large, clear myoepithelia and small epithelia is the most valuable finding in the diagnosis of EMC.

도시홍수 방재를 위한 그린 인프라스트럭처 공간분석

이혜경,Lee, Hye Kyung 한국BIM학회 2020 KIBIM Magazine Vol.10 No.4

Green Infrastructure has been considered as one of strategies for flood mitigation in cities. Although, the diverse benefits of green infrastructure implementation are studies, there is a lack of research on the relationship between spatial composition and configuration of green infrastructure and urban flood mitigation. To address this gap, this study 1) utilized high-resolution satellite imagery to analyze spatial composition and configuration of green infrastructure in highly developed seven cities in South Korea, and 2) conducted an empirical analysis to find the relationship between economic losses from flooding and spatial patterns of green infrastructure and development patterns. The results of this research will be helpful for urban planners to prepare green infrastructure implementation guidelines for effective urban flood mitigation.

국내대학의 학술논문 연구업적평가기준 비교 분석

이혜경,양기덕,Lee, Hye-Kyung,Yang, Kiduk 한국도서관정보학회 2017 한국도서관정보학회지 Vol.48 No.2

본 연구는 보다 효율적이고 균일하게 교원의 연구업적을 평가하기 위한 기초 연구로서, 현재 국내 대학의 교원업적평가 기준과 한국연구재단의 연구업적평가기준, 그리고 여러 계량서지학 지표를 비교하여 국내의 교원연구업적평가 방식을 분석하였다. 본 연구를 진행하기 위하여 국내 대학 27곳의 교원업적평가기준과 한국연구재단 연구업적평가기준을 수집하였으며, 183명의 국내 문헌정보학과 교수의 2001년부터 2015년 사이 발표된 학술논문 3,863편과 16,978건의 인용을 수집하였다. 이를 토대로 우선 현재 시행중인 국내 대학의 연구업적평가지표들을 비교 한 후, 대학지표들과 저자기여도 산정식을 가중한 계량서지학적 지표들을 수집한 데이터에 적용하여 산출한 저자와 대학별 순위들을 분석하였다. 국내 대학의 연구업적평가지표는 연구업적의 생산성과 영향성을 고루 평가하고자 하였으나, h-index처럼 이와 유사한 계량서 지학 지표와 다른 평가 결과를 나타냄으로써, 평가지표가 평가결과에 각기 다른 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 발견하였다. As a first step in developing a more effective and robust approach to faculty research performance assessment, this study analyzed the existing faculty research assessment methods by comparing Korean universities' research evaluation standards, National Research Foundation of Korea's (KRF) standard for assessing research proposals, and various bibliometric measures. The study data included research evaluation standards of KRF along with 27 Korean universities with Library and Information Science (LIS) department, and the publication data of 183 LIS faculties in Korean universities from 2001 to 2015, which consisted of 3,863 papers 16,978 citations. After the comparative analysis of research evaluation standards, the study examined the rankings of institutions and faculty produced by applying the collected standards and bibliometric metrics to the publication data. The study showed that Korean university standards for research evaluation, which aim to consider both productivity and impact of faculty research, differ from similar bibliometric measures such as h-index, and the difference could significantly impact the assessment of faculty research performance.