Regulation of IgE-Mediated Food Allergy by IL-9 Producing Mucosal Mast Cells and Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells

이지붕 대한면역학회 2016 Immune Network Vol.16 No.4

Due to the increasing prevalence and number of life-threatening cases, food allergy has emerged as a major health concern. The classic immune response seen during food allergy is allergen-specific IgE sensitization and hypersensitivity reactions to foods occur in the effector phase with often severe and deleterious outcomes. Recent research has advanced understanding of the immunological mechanisms occurring during the effector phase of allergic reactions to ingested food. Therefore, this review will not only cover the mucosal immune system of the gastrointestinal tract and the immunological mechanisms underlying IgE-mediated food allergy, but will also introduce cells recently identified to have a role in the hypersensitivity reaction to food allergens. These include IL-9 producing mucosal mast cells (MMC9s) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). The involvement of these cell types in potentiating the type 2 immune response and developing the anaphylactic response to food allergens will be discussed. In addition, it has become apparent that there is a collaboration between these cells that contributes to an individual’s susceptibility to IgE-mediated food allergy.

중국인 소비자의 온라인 금융 상품에 대한 구매의도 분석

이지붕,정희택,이상준,이경락 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.2

With the development of mobile technology, asset management on the Internet have also developed a lot. Drawing on Technology Acceptance Model, this study examines YUEBAO deployment to model consumers' purchase intention to use financial products offered online. In this study, we hypothesized that the characteristics of online asset management product will affect the purchase intention through perceived usefulness and conduct empirical analysis on Chinese consumers. In the study model, the independent variables were considered to include individual involvement, experience, product protection, corporate credibility, convenience, mobility, and familiarity. In addition, the parameters constitute the usefulness, and the dependent variable is the purchase. The results are as follows. First, YUEBAO's complementarity, corporate credibility, convenience, and familiarity have a significant influence on YUEBAO's usefulness. Second, The YUEBAO's usefulness has a noticeable effect on the purchase intention. To perceive the high usefulness, the practicality strategy of enhancing the protection property, corporate reliability, convenience and familiarity of the online asset management product is needed. The study of consumer purchase behavior and consumer purchase intention of online wealth management products is very valuable for academic and practical work. 모바일 기술의 발전에 따라, 인터넷상의 자산관리 상품도 많이 발전했다. 기술 수용 모델을 기반으로 본 연구에서는 온라인으로 제공되는 금융 상품을 사용하려는 중국인 소비자의 구매 의도를 모델링한 위어바오를 검토하였다. 본 연구에서는 온라인 자산관리 상품 특성이 지각된 유용성을 매개로 하여 구매의도에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설을 세우고 중국 소비자들을 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구모형에서, 독립 변수는 개인 관여도, 경험, 제품의 보장성, 기업신뢰성, 편리성, 이동성, 친숙성을 고려하였다. 또한 매개 변수는 유용성을, 종속변수로는 구매의도로 구성하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 위어바오의 보장성, 기업의 신뢰, 편리성, 그리고 친숙함은 위어바오의 유용성에 유의한 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 위어바오의 유용성은 구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미친다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 온라인 자산관리 상품의 구매의도를 높이기 위해서는 유용성을 높게 지각하여야 하고, 유용성을 높게 지각하려면 온라인 자산관리 상품의 보장성, 기업신뢰성, 편리성, 친숙성을 높일 수 있는 실무적인 전략이 필요하다. 온라인 자산 관리 제품의 소비자 구매 행동 및 소비자 구매 의도에 대한 연구는 학업 및 실제 업무에 매우 유용하다.

한·중 단오절 체육 풍속의 비교연구

이지붕,황옥비 한중경제문화학회 2020 한중경제문화연구 Vol.15 No.-

台灣之勞資關係與勞動法制

劉志鵬 한국노동법학회 2008 노동법학 Vol.0 No.28

This article is an analysis of the characteristics of labor relations and labor law regime in Taiwan, so as to provide a broad and comprehensive observation of the Taiwan labor law regime. First, small and medium enterprises (SME) are the main driving forces of the Taiwanese industries. Approximately 70% of the laborers are employed by SME. Since the industries in Taiwan are mostly SME based, it is disadvantageous for the organization of labor unions. Moreover, as the enterprise-wide unions organized by SME are relatively small in size, they have less power and therefore rarely enter into collective bargaining. Most enterprises regulate and decide the labor conditions within the enterprises through the establishment of employment manuals. Such has become one of the main features of the labor relations in Taiwan The key characteristics of the current Labor Union Act in Taiwan are: (1) Mandatory organization of labor union: Where the number of laborers working in the same industry or the same area with the same position is more than 30, an industry-wide union or occupational union shall be organized in accordance with the law (Art. 6); (2) Mandatory participation in labor union: Laborers of the age of 16 and over are obliged to join the labor union (Art. 12 of the Labor Union Act); (3) Enterprise-wise union: The organization of industry-wide union are limited to laborers employed by the same enterprise or factories (Art. 6 of the Labor Union Act); and, (4) Single labor union: Every enterprise or factory shall only be allowed to have one labor union (one labor union per enterprise) and each administrative area shall only be allowed to have one federations of union (Art. 8 of the Labor Union Act). Thus, according to the law, there can only be one union for enterprise-wide union, occupation union, county or city federation of unions, or national union. It should be noted, however, in respect to the aforementioned characteristics of the Labor Union Act, except for the enterprise-wide union, the other three features have not been strictly enforced. In order to solve the issue regarding the inefficiency of collective bargaining, the Taiwanese government has amended the Collective Agreement Act in January 2008, which is expected to come into force together with the promulgation of the amendments of the Labor Union Act and the Labor Dispute Resolution Act in 2009. Article 6 of the Collective Agreement Act introduces the following concepts: (1) the duty to bargain in good faith, and (2) mandatory bargaining obligation. In other words, when the labor union requests the employer to enter into collective bargaining, the employer cannot refuse to proceed with the collective bargaining with the labor union without proper cause. Moreover, during the bargaining process, the parties shall comply with the principle of honest good faith. In the event where the employer breaches its duty to bargain in good faith or its mandatory bargaining obligation, such breach shall constitute improper labor behavior. According to the provisions under the draft amendment of the Labor Union Act, the competent authority may impose consecutive administrative fines on the employer until the employer rectifies its breach. In addition, the draft amendment of the Labor Union Act plans to establish a new relief regime, referring to the relieve regime for improper labor behavior under the Labor Union Act of Japan. In the future, a review committee will be established, which will be in charge for reviewing applications for relief submitted by laborers suffered from the improper labor behavior of the employer. However, until the end of 2007, there were only 71 cases in Taiwan involving collective agreement. It can thus show the weak power of the labor union in collective bargaining. Furthermore, collective agreements can hardly serve as a tool to regulate employment conditions. As such, the Collective Agreement Act adopts a strong policy to introduce the duty to b...

타이완에 있어서 자유도시의 발전과 관련한 법률적 문제

사지붕 제주대학교 법과정책연구소 2012 法과 政策 Vol.18 No.2

구미와 아시아-태평양지역(아태지역)을 연결한 교량위치에 있는 타이완 섬은 해상과 항공의 편리한 환적(轉運)에 있어서 우세이다. 싱가포르, 홍콩, 상하이 등 부근의 주요 항만과 비교한다면 타이완은 아태지역의 주요항구도시 및 서태평양의 주요 도시간의 운항시간이 가장 짧고 또한 첨단산업기술과 연구개발능력이 구비되었을 뿐만 아니라 통관행정도 매우 진보되었다는 것을 알 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 우세를 자유무역항구도시의 기능과 결합할 수 있다면 물류환적을 창조할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고부가가치 제품의 가공을 기반으로 타이완의 국제경쟁력을 충분히 향상시켜 세계환적센터라는 정책목표를 실현할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 타이완 경제의 급속한 발전을 위한 조건으로 적합하지 않은 법규의 개정을 우선적으로 고려하였다. 기존의 법규를 검토하여 국제자유무역항구도시의 발전에 적합한 법률로 개정하는 방법이 있지만, 개별 법규의 개정으로 인하여 법체계에 혼란을 일으키는 것을 방지하기 위해 기존 개개의 경제특구법규를 통합하는 것이 타당하다. 그리고 더 나아가 외국의 성공경험을 참조하여 타이완을 국제무역자유섬으로 발전케 할 수 있는 우선적 효력을 가진 특별법을 제정해야 한다. 타이완 펑후섬의 경제, 환경, 관광산업 및 자연자원 등의 조건은 한국 제주도와 매우 비슷하다. 한국정부에서 제주도를 국제자유도시로 성공적으로 구축한바, 타이완 중앙정부와 펑후지방정부는 모두 이를 본보기로 삼았다. 지역민의 생활환경과 경제조건을 개선하기 위해 타이완은 한국 제주도와 펑후의 차이점을 상세히 비교하여 적절한 계획을 세웠고, 행정효율과 지역특색을 발휘할 수 있게 하여 펑후를 해상명주(海上明珠)인 국제섬으로 될 수 있도록 노력하였다. 台灣本島處於歐美與亞太地區連接之橋樑位置, 具有海、空轉運便利之優勢,與新加坡、香港及上海等重要隣近地區相較, 台灣與亞太地區主要港口及西太平洋主要城市間之平均航行時間最短,倂且具有高科技産業技術與硏發能力,通關行政作業亦甚爲進步,如能結合自由貿易港市之功能設計,當可創造物流轉運及産品高附加價稙加工之利基,充分提升台灣之國際競爭力,實現全球運籌中心之政策目標. 目前台灣現有及計畵中之經濟特區呈多樣性,有保稅工廠、保稅倉庫、加工出口區、科學園區、國際物流中心、農業生物科技園區以及自由貿易港區等類型,雖各有其依據之法律規範,但在現行之法律制度下,成功發展者有之,然亦不乏成效不彰者,究其原因,除客觀經濟條件未完備外,不健全的法律制度難辭其咎。因此,如何修法改善不合時宜之法規,創造出能促進台灣經濟加速發展之條件,更是當務之急. 方法上,除分別檢討倂修改現有法源以配合國際自由貿易港市之發展外,爲避免個別法律可能造成整體法律體系之混淆,宜整合現有之各別經濟特區法規,組成全面性適合各經濟特區發展之共同規範,除此之外,更應進一步參照外國成功之經驗,制定具優先地位倂適合台灣發展成爲國際貿易自由島之特別法。 對台灣之澎湖離島而言,其經濟、環境、觀光産業及自然資源等條件與韓國濟州島極爲相近, 在韓國政府成功打造濟州島成韓國際自由都市後,不論是台灣中央政府或澎湖地方政府皆希望以此爲借鏡, 透過詳細比較韓國濟州島與澎湖之差異, 進而提出適當之規劃, 全力發揮行政效率與地方區域特色, 建設澎湖成爲如同海上明珠般之國際島嶼, 以改善當地人民之生活環境與經濟條件.

Borassus 섬유/PP 복합재료의 기계적 및 열적 물성

혜지붕(Zhipeng-Hui),수다카라(Sudhakara),왕일기(YiQi-Wang),이동우(Lee Dong Woo),송정일(Jung-il Song) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.5-3

The design of new composites based on made an attempt to fabricate new borassus fruit fiber/Polypropylene (BFF/PP) composites by injecter-molded; Fibers were chemically modified by alkali treatment and a maleic acid anhydride grafted PP(MAPP) were used as coupling agent to improve the adhesion between fibers and matrix. The overall fiber contain was 5%. The effect of alkali treatment as well as MAPP on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties were explored by thermo gravimetric analysis (TAG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Thermal stability of the composites was slightly enhanced on alkali treatment and addition of MAPP. The tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength were increased for alkali treated/MAPP compatibilized composites by 4.5%, 17%, 17.2%, 9% and 10% respectively. SEM studies on tensile fractured specimens of unmodified composites reveal the poor fiber-matrix interaction, whereas in case of modified fiber composites, the fiber-matrix interaction is strong with enhanced mechanical properties. Overall the physical and mechanical properties are comparable with those of other important natural fiber composites.

골판지 및 골판지상자

박지붕 한국식품과학회 1990 식품과학과 산업 Vol.23 No.3

CD43 Expression Regulated by IL-12 Signaling Is Associated with Survival of CD8 T Cells

장준,이지붕 대한면역학회 2010 Immune Network Vol.10 No.5

In addition to TCR and costimulatory signals,cytokine signals are required for the differentiation of activated CD8 T cells into memory T cells and their survival. Previously, we have shown that IL-12 priming during initial antigenic stimulation significantly enhanced the survival of activated CD8 T cells and increased the memory cell population. In the present study, we analyzed the mechanisms by which IL-12 priming contributes to activation and survival of CD8 T cells. Methods: We observed dramatically decreased expression of CD43 in activated CD8 T cells by IL-12 priming. We purified CD43lo and CD43hi cells after IL-12 priming and analyzed the function and survival of each population both in vivo and in vitro. Results: Compared to CD43hi effector cells, CD43lo effector CD8 T cells exhibited reduced cytolytic activity and lower granzyme B expression but showed increased survival. CD43lo effector CD8 T cells also showed increased in vivo expansion after adoptive transfer and antigen challenge. The enhanced survival of CD43lo CD8 T cells was also partly associated with CD62L expression. Conclusion: We suggest that CD43 expression regulated by IL-12 priming plays an important role in differentiation and survival of CD8 T cells.