심방세동을 동반한 심근교락 환자에서 급성 심근경색증 1예

이종효,배열,이한슬,김병훈,염상민,채동렬,김상필,전원정,조장현 대한심장학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.3

It has been reported that myocardial bridging may be associated with myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, vasospasm, cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death. However, the mechanism whereby ischemia occur as a consequence of myocardial bridging remains unclear. Recently we experienced a case of myocardial infarction in a patient with myocardial bridging and atrial fibrillation. A 66-year-old man presented with severe chest pain. His ECG showed ST elevation in V3-V5 and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. He underwent coronary angiography, which revealed a thrombus in the distal portion of the myocardial LAD bridge. He was treated with antiplatelet agents, heparin, tirofiban and amiodarone and β-blocker without percutaneous coronary intervention. Five days later, his clinical condition was recovered and follow-up coronary angiography revealed markedly improved blood flow of the left anterior descending artery. The previous thrombus had disappeared. (Korean Circulation J 2004;34:319-322) 저자들은 비교적 건강하게 지내왔던 만성 심방세동 환자가 빠른 심실반응의 발생과 더불어 급성 심근경색증 양상의 흉통이 발생되었고 관상동맥 좌전하행지의 심근교락과 그 원위부에서 혈전을 발견하여 항응고요법과 심실반응속도 조절 치료로 호전된 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

여러 시간스케일로 분리 가능한 대규모 스토캐스틱 시스템의 준최적 조정기의 설계 ( Design of Sub-optimal for the Large-Scale Stochastic System With Time Scale Separation PROPERTIES )

이종효,전기준 대한전자공학회 1986 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1986 No.01

건축 년한에 따른 아파트의 실내 오염도 평가

이종효,신명희,이진우,김모근,조완근 대한환경공학회 2008 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2008 No.12

사례분석을 통한 사용 후 가구 재제조의 경제적 ‧ 환경적 효과 분석

이종효,강홍윤,황용우,황현정 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2022 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.31 No.5

The furniture industry has a high possibility to create value-added and a high potential to create new occupations due to the characteristics of the industry, which mainly consists of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, the used furniture, which has sufficient reuse value, is also crushed and used as solid refuse fuel (SRF) recently. Besides, the number of waste treatment companies continues to decrease, and it occurs congestion of wood waste. As a way to solve the issue, a business model development of remanufacturing used furniture can be suggested as an alternative due to its high circular economic efficiency. Remanufacturing business including furniture industry creates positive effects in various aspects such as economic, environmental and job creation. In other words, remanufacturing is an effective recycling way to reduce input resources and energy in the production process. The results of economic analysis show that the expected annual revenue from the single worker furniture remanufacturing site was 104 million won which is 3.11 times more than the average income of a single-worker household in Korea and its B/C ratio was estimated about 30 which means high business feasibility. Revenue through furniture remanufacturing also showed 320 times higher than that of SRF production from the perspective of weight. In addition, it is shown that the GHGs reduction from the furniture remanufacturing is 2.2 ton CO2-eq. per year, which is similar to the amount of GHGs absorption effect of 937 pine trees or 622 Korean oak trees annually. Thus the results of this study demonstrate that it is important to adopt an appropriate recycling method considering the economic and environmental effects at the end-of-life stage. 가구 산업은 부가가치 창출의 가능성이 높고 중소기업이 주축이 되어 있는 산업 특성상 일자리 창출 여력이 크다. 그러나, 최근 사용후 가구의 처리 동향을 살펴보면 재사용 가치가 충분한 사용 후 가구마저도 파쇄되어 고형연료(SRF)로 활용되고 있는 사례가 많으며, 폐기물 처리업체는 지속적으로 감소하면서 폐목재 적체 현상으로 이어지고 있다. 이 같은 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안으로, 순환이용효율성이 높은 사용 후 가구 재제조 비즈니스 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 재제조는 자원 및 에너지 절감 효과가 크고, 고용창출 효과가 높다는 점에서 사용 후 가구에 적용 시 산업경제적 파급효과가 클 것으로 사료된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해외의 사용 후 가구 재제조 과정을 분석하여그 특성을 파악하고 이를 바탕으로 경제성 및 환경성 분석을 수행하였다. 경제성 분석 결과, 1인 사업장 기준으로 사용 후 가구 재제조를통한 연간 예상수익은 약 104백만원, B/C 분석결과는 30으로 높은 사업성을 확보하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 우리나라 1인 근로자 가구연평균 소득의 3.11배(연평균 소득은 33백만원)에 달하는 수준이며, 같은 중량의 SRF로 재자원화할 경우의 수익 325천원보다 320배 높은 수준이다. 또한, 환경성 분석결과, 기존의 목재펠릿으로 가공하는 재자원화보다 재제조함으로써 얻을 수 있는 연간 온실가스 저감효과는 연간 2.2 tCO2-eq.이며, 이는 소나무 937그루 또는 신갈나무 622그루가 연간 흡수하는 온실가스의 양과 유사한 수치이다. 이러한 연구결과는 폐기단계에서 경제적 환경적 효과를 고려한 재자원화 방법을 우선 적용하는 것이 중요함을 시사해준다.

韓方醫療政策의 어제와 오늘

이종효 대한한의학원전학회 1988 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.1 No.2

균사체 원료 일회용 포장의 환경영향 저감효과 분석

이종효,황용우,강홍윤 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2024 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.41 No.1

In 2021, the total consumption of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in South Korea reached 62,222.9 tons, marking a notableincrease of 2,983.4 tons compared to 2019. Incineration of EPS waste is a significant source of harmful emissions,including carbon monoxide (CO) and formaldehyde. Additionally, the decomposition of EPS results in microplasticscontaining hazardous components with adverse implications for human health. Microplastics generated from EPS wasteexert a direct and lasting influence on the marine food chain, posing substantial risks to human well-being. Therefore,there is an urgent need to expedite the introduction of environmentally friendly alternatives to EPS in the commercialmarket. This study conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the environmental impact of 1 m3 of EPS andmushroom-based disposable packaging (MP) using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The assessment revealeda remarkable reduction in several environmental indicators: the abiotic depletion potential (ADP) decreased by 9.02E-01kg Sb-eq (▼62.60%), the photochemical ozone creation potentials (POCP) decreased by 1.95E-01 kg C2H4-eq (▼53.40%),the global warming potential (GWP) decreased by 4.28E+01 kg CO2-eq (▼29.35%), and the ozone depletion potential(ODP) decreased by 1.00E-06kg CFC-11-eq (▼17.92%). However, the acidification potential (AP) and eutrophicationpotential (EP) increased by 3.07E-01 kg SO2-eq (▲109.49%) and 3.68E-02 kg PO43--eq (▲98.83%), respectively. Thisstudy acknowledges its limitations, including the use of estimates derived from company disclosure, literature data, andnational statistics. Nevertheless, the findings underscore the need for improved management of EPS waste, accountingfor the actual recycling rates and refining the life cycle inventory (LCI) database for lignocellulosics as raw materials. The results provide valuable support for industry management and policymaking, offering a visual quantification of theenvironmental impact of MP as a substitute for EPS, which has recently gained prominence due to its environmentalhazards. This study emphasizes the need for further research in this area.

구연 : 소화기 ; Propofol을 이용한 수면유도상부위장관내시경시 propofol의 적절한 수면유도 용량 연구

이종효,김병훈,김호동,임준영,염상민,채동렬,김상필,전원정 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.65 No.10

국가 단위 자원생산성 측정 신뢰성 제고를 위한 보조지표 개발

이종효,강홍윤,황용우,권순길 한국청정기술학회 2022 청정기술 Vol.28 No.3

Resource productivity (GDP/DMC) is defined as GDP divided by DMC. However, it has shortcomings when estimating the value-added generated from material processing. In this paper, an energy coefficient is applied to GDP to develop a sub-indicator (referred to as GDPe/DMC). Consequently, South Korea, which is a secondary industry-oriented country, created 1,094.60 USD/ton from input materials and was ranked 4th on the OECD list, which is 10 levels higher than the level estimated by GDP/DMC. However, Luxembourg, which is a tertiary industry-oriented country, is ranked 16th on the OECD list, which is 12 levels lower than the level estimated by GDP/DMC. The resource productivity estimated by the sub-indicator (GDPe/DMC) developed in this study indicates that secondary industry-oriented countries are undervalued in the existing main GDP/DMC calculation. On the other hand, tertiary industry-oriented countries are downgraded due to the industrial features of the GDPe/DMC calculation. As a result of this paper, GDPe/DMC could be considered a more reasonable indicator to directly reflect the material input effect compared to the existing main indicator, GDP/DMC. This means that GDPe/DMC-induced resource productivities could be estimated to be slightly higher than the GDP/DMC-induced resource productivities for secondary industry-oriented countries. It is expected that the sub-indicator, GDPe/DMC, proposed in this study could be useful especially for comparing and analyzing the resource productivities between countries that have different industry structures. This study intended to consider a structurally energy/resource-intensive industry in estimating and analyzing national-level resource productivity. Thus, the sub-indicator, GDPe/DMC, may help minimize the distortion of interpreting national resource productivities in various situations, and be utilized as a more efficient tool when used together with GDP/DMC. 국가 단위의 자원생산성은 GDP/DMC로 측정한다. 그러나 GDP의 경우 지표 특성상 자원으로부터 발생된 부가가치만을 구분하기어렵다는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 자원생산성 지표(이하 GDP/DMC) 수식 중 GDP에 에너지 조정계수를 적용(이하 GDPe) 하였다. GDPe 적용 결과, 제조업 비중이 높은 우리나라는 자원사용량 1톤당 평균 1,094.60 USD/ton의 가치를 창출하였으며 OECD 38개 국가 중 4위로 기존 GDP/DMC 대비 10계단 상승하였다. 반면 3차 산업이 전체 GDP의 70%를 차지하는 룩셈부르크는 GDPe 적용 후 자원생산성 순위가 12계단 하락하였다. GDPe/DMC는 산업구조별 에너지 사용량을 고려해 자원에 국한하여 부가가치를측정하므로 제조업 비중이 높은 국가의 경우 산업특성이 반영되어 자원생산성이 기존보다 상대적으로 높게 나타날 수 있다. GDPe/DMC는 산업구조가 확연히 다른 국가들(에너지/자원집약도가 높은 산업 중심의 국가와 그렇지 않은 국가) 간의 자원생산성비교 분석을 통한 개선안 도출에 매우 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 뿐만 아니라 산업구조가 유사한 국가들 간에 자원생산성 비교, 분석을 위해서도 참고지표로써 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다

폐회로 제어시스템의 강인한 고장진단 및 고장허용제어 기법 연구

이종효,유준,Lee, Jong-Hyo,Lyou, Joon 한국군사과학기술학회 2000 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.3 No.1

This paper presents a robust fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control method for the control systems in closed-loop affected by unknown inputs or disturbances. The fault diagnostic scheme is based on the disturbance-decoupled state estimation using a 2-stage state observer for state, actuator bias and sensor bias. The estimated bias show the occurrence time, location and type of the faults directly. The estimated state is used for state feedback to achieve fault tolerant control against the faults. Simulation results show that the method has definite fault tolerant ability against actuator and sensor faults, moreover, the faults can be detected on-line, isolated and estimated simultaneously.

時間스케일로 分離可能한 大規模 스토캐스틱 시스템의 準最適調整器設計

李鐘孝,全琪準 경북대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.43 No.-

We propose sub-optimal regulators of large-scale stochastic systems with white Gaussian noise at the state and the output. At the first step, the stochastic systems are separated into two sub-systems and the dominant sub-system is adjusted based on the concept of the quasi-steady state. A composite sub-optimal regulator of the original systems is then obtained from the optimal state feedback gains of the sub-systems. And a compostite Kalman filter of the systems is also composed of the Kalman filter gains of the sub-systems by taking advantage of the duality of optimal control and state estimation. Computer simulation shows the sub-optimality and reduction of computational load of the proposed sub-optimal regulators including a reduced-order regulator compared with the traditional optimal regulators.