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이의진,최민희,한용운,문두경 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
A hole transport/extraction layer (HTL/HEL) is required to reduce energy barrier between anode and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of polymer active layer and to improve transport/extraction of holes. PEDOT:PSS is the most commonly used HTL/HEL material for organic optoelectronic devices, such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic solar cells (OSCs), because of its solution processability, work function, sufficient conductivity and high optical transparency in the visible-NIR region. However, highly hygroscopic and acidic nature of PEDOT:PSS increase degradation rate of devices. In this study, we introduced new conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) as HTL/HEL to overcome drawbacks of PEDOT:PSS. We synthesized three polymers with different heterocyclic compounds and fabricated PLEDs and PSCs to characterize performance. Dipole moment of CPEs was changed by atomic radius of hetero atom in heterocyclic rings and changed surface potential of anode.
이의진,한용운,문두경,강진규,김대환 한국공업화학회 2017 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2017 No.1
In this study, three synthesized conjugated polymer electrolytes (CPEs) with different conjugation lengths were introduced as the hole transporting layer (HTL) of organic solar cells (OSCs) and polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs). In order to control the dipole moment of CPEs, three different spacer units were choiced. The synthesized n-type CPEs were modified to p-type CPEs by facile oxidation process. To identify the effect on electrode work function tunability by changing molecular conformation and arrangement, we simulated density function theory (DFT) calculations of these molecules and performed ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) analysis for films of indium-tinoxide (ITO)/CPEs. Additionally, we fabricated OSCs and PLEDs by using the CPEs as the HTL. As a result, the stability and performance were enhanced in the optimized devices with PFtT-D CPE HTL compared with PEDOT:PSS HTL-based devices.
이의진,김영리,고경수,오도산,김형석,이준형 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.5
본 저자등은 임신 제 35^5주 산모의 초음파검사에서 흉부유착 쌍태아를 진단하여 자궁절개술을 시행하였기에 간단한 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하였다. Conjoined twins are commonly refered to as siamese twins, after Chang and Eng Bunker of Siam(Thiland), who were displayed worldwide by P.T.Barnum. The incidence is from 1 in 30,000 to 1 in 200,000 live births. Two thrid of conjoined twins are females. Etiology is unknown. Monozygotic twins arise form a single blastocyst that undergoes duplication between the 1st and 10th day after ovulation. Conjoined twins are commonly regarded as an abnormolity of the process of monozygotic twinning, because of an incomplete division of the embryonic cell mass at one pole or at a point between the poles. Conjoined twins are a sporadic event that tends not to recur. We report a case of conjoined twins with brief review for literatures.
Enhanced performance in inverted organic solar cells with surface modified electron extraction layer
이의진,문두경 한국공업화학회 2016 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2016 No.0
ZnO is commonly used as buffer layer material in inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) for electron extraction, because of its environmental stability, high electron mobility and optical transparency. However, the surface of ZnO has high surface energy, and that makes poor interfacial contact with the hydrophobic organic photoactive layer, resulting in charge trapping in an interface. For improving electron extraction in IOSCs, modification of the interface between the electrode and the organic photoactive layer is regarded as important issue. In this study, we modified ZnO electron extraction layer (EEL) with conjugated polymer electrolyte (CPE) for lowering surface energy.By introducing CPE material, the surface of CPE-ZnO layer showed lower surface energy than that of ZnO layer. We fabricated IOSCs using the CPE-ZnO as a cathode modifier. As a result, the PCE of devices with CPE-ZnO was as high as 9.2%, and the long-term stability was improved compared with a ZnO-based device.
최근 11 년간 (1983-1993) 서울 성애병원에서 출생한 신생아 출생성비에 관한 통계보고와 향 후 문제점의 재조명
이의진,김정욱,김상용,이도훈,이승기,오도산 대한산부인과학회 1995 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.38 No.11
상기에 기술된 성적으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 본원의 11년간 총성비는 107.0이 었으며 인구증가는 두자녀갖기(98.76%)로 억제되고 있는 것으로 사료된다. 둘째 두 번째 경 산부의 경우 첫출생아가 여아인 경우 평균성비는 116.0 세 번째 경산부의 경우 평균성비는 174.0으로 남아선호사상이 뚜렷히 나타났다. 셋째, 두 번째 경산부의 경우 첫 출생아가 남아 인 경우 평균성비는 106.0으로 선택적 출산이 없는 것으로 생각되어진다. 반복제왕절개술의 경우 두자녀만을 낳으려고 하는 의지로 인해 두 번째 출산의 경우와 거의 유사한 결과를초 래하여 수술여부는 남녀성비에 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 남자의 사회적노출을 고려함에 있어서 향후 어떤 문제를 야기시킬것인가에 대해서 많은 연 구조사가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 본원에서는 첫 출생아 성비가 103:100으로 나타나므로서 첫 출산의 경우 정상적인 출생성비(106:100) 에 비교하여 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 조사에 참가한 대상산모들의 경제수 준이 저소득층이 많아 다른 지역 그리고 고소득층을 대상으로한 통계보고가 필요한 것으로 사료된다. Depend upon the hundred years of Korean tradition in preference of baby boy and accureate technique in differentiation of babys sex during pregnancy secondary to up most developed sonogram machine and chorionic villus biopsy. This paper was analysed in last 11 years period in nulligravida and multigravida and multigravida and repeat cesarian section. The result were as follows. 1. The total sex ratio in last 11 years were 107 : 100 (male:female) 2. 1st baby was 59.135% 2nd baby was 38.41% 3rd baby was 2.38%. 3. 1st babys sex ratio was 103 : 100 (male:female) 2nd babys sex ratio was 111 : 100 3rd babys sex ratio was 148 : 100 Repeat C/S sex ratio was 110 : 100 Our results suggest that the unbalance of sex ratio in multigravida is extremely serious trend in this country and is expected a tremendous social problem in early 21 th centry.