Ti/Au 이중층을 이용한 초전도 상전이 센서 제작

이영화,김용함,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Yong-Hamb 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.10

We report on the development of transition edge sensors for x-ray detection. The sensor technology was based on the fabrication of a superconducting film on a thin membrane. A bilayer of a superconductor, Ti, and a noble metal, Au, was e-beam evaporated on a micromachined SiNx. Another Au layer was evaporated on the two side edges of the bilayer in order not to be affected by structural imperfections at the boundaries. With the method described in the present report, the superconducting transition temperature of the device was consistently achieved to near 80 mK with a sharp transition. The energy spectrum ueasured with the device provided 37 eV FWHM for 5.9 x-rays. We also discuss the design and fabrication considerations as well as the performance of the device in detail.

감마선 검출을 위한 초전도 상전이 센서

이영화,김용함,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Yong-Hamb 한국초전도학회 2008 Progress in superconductivity Vol.9 No.2

We are developing a sensitive gamma ray spectrometer based on superconducting transition edge sensors. The detector consists of a small piece of high purity Sn as an absorber and a Ti/Au bilayer as a temperature sensor. It is designed to measure the thermal signal caused by absorption of gamma rays. The mechanical support and the thermal contact between the absorber and the thermometer were made with Stycast epoxy. The bilayer was formed by e-beam evaporation and patterned by wet etching on top of a $SiN_X$ membrane. A sharp superconducting transition of the film was measured near 100 mK. When the film was biased to the edge of the transition, signals were observed due to single photon absorption emitted from an $^{241}Am$ source. The measured spectrum showed several characteristic peaks of the source including 59.5 keV gamma line. The full with at half maximum was about 900 eV for the 59.5 keV gamma line. The background was low enough to resolve low energy lines. Considerations to improve the energy resolution of the gamma ray spectrometer are also discussed.

방풍통성산(防風通聖散)이 L-NAME 유발 및 SHR 흰쥐의 고혈압에 미치는 영향

이영화,김경철,이용태,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Kyung-Chul,Lee, Yong-Tae 대한동의생리학회 1999 동의생리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

In order to get the effect of Bangpoongtongsungsan (BPS) water extract on the blood pressure of every 5 group of rats (in normal state of after 3 hours of unanesthetized) was measured and following results were obtained. 1. BPS intraperitoneal injection was not recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME in young rats. 2. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME in young rats. 3. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME's continual injection and BPS continual oral administration in young rats. 4. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME's in adult rats. 5. BPS oral administration was not recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on spontaneous hypertension rats. According to the above results. it is known that BPS extract oral administration decreased the blood pressure of hypertension induced by and more effective to the youth.

유채 꽃가루 분말을 이용한 효모 배양배지 제조

이영화,김광수,장영석,최인후,이경보,Lee, Yong-Hwa,Kim, Kwang-Soo,Jang, Young-Seok,Choi, In-Hu,Lee, Kyeong-Bo 한국응용과학기술학회 2015 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 유채 꽃가루 분말의 영양성분 분석과 파쇄한 꽃가루 분말을 이용하여 효모 배양용 액체배지와 고체배지를 제조하여 효모 배양효율을 분석하였다. 유채 꽃가루 분말(100 g)은 탄수화물 58.9 g, 단백질 20.8 g, 지방 4.1 g, 회분 2.5 g 및 수분 13.7 g으로 구성되었다. 당질 중에서는 Fructose(13.7 g), Glucose(11.1 g)와 Sucrose(6.6 g), 미네랄 중에서는 K(606.7 mg)와 P(603.3 mg) 함향이 높았다. 유리 아미노산은 Glutamic acid(2,482.4 mg), Aspartic acid(2,136.5 mg), Lysine(1,648.3 mg), 및 Leucine(1,631.1 mg) 순으로 많았다. 유채 꽃가루 분말을 단독 또는 NaCl을 첨가하여 액체배지 및 고체배지 제조하고 효모를 배양한 결과, 꽃가루 분말이 15 g/L 이상 함유된 액체배지는 효모 배양 후 건물중이 YPD 배지(대조구)에 비해 많았고, 꽃가루 분말의 농도 의존적으로 효모 건물중이 증가하였다. 또한 액체배지에 NaCl을 1~20 g/L 추가 시 배양된 효모의 건물중이 한층 더 증가하였다. 유채 꽃가루로 제조한 고체배지를 이용하여 효모를 배양(48시간)한 결과, 콜로니(colonies) YPD 배지와 유사하게 잘 자랐다. The aim of this study was to analyze nutritional compositions of rapeseed pollen granules and to determine the possible usage of pollen granules as a yeast culture medium. Rapeseed pollen granules (per 100 g) were consisted of carbohydrate 58.9 g, protein 20.8 g, fat 4.1 g, ash 2.5 g and water 13.7 g. And fructose (13.7 g), glucose (11.1 g), and sucrose (6.6 g) of sugars and K (606.7 mg) and P (603.3 mg) of minerals were highly contained. In addition, free amino acids such as glutamic acid (2,482.4 mg), aspartic acid (2,136.5 mg), lysine (1,648.3 mg), and leucine (1,631.1 mg) were present at a higher level. When liquid medium, which was made from cracked pollen granules (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 40 g/L), was tested for yeast culture, liquid medium containing pollen granules over 15 g/L showed higher yeast growth than YPD medium (control). Liquid medium containing both cracked pollen granules (15 g/L) and NaCl (1 ~ 20 g/L) improved yeast growth than the liquid medium without NaCl. In addition, when yeast growth was tested on solid medium made from pollen granules (15 g/L) at $30^{\circ}C$ for 2 days, yeast colonies were equally well-formed like those grown on YPD medium. Overall, rapeseed pollen granules have potential properties on yeast growth and could be used as a primary source for yeast culture.

실리콘 미세 가공을 이용한 열전형 미소유량센서 제작 및 특성

이영화 ( Young Hwa Lee ),노성철 ( Sung Cheoul Roh ),나필선 ( Pil Sun Na ),김국진 ( Kook Jin Kim ),이광철 ( Kwang Chul Lee ),최용문 ( Yong Moon Choi ),박세일 ( Se Il Park ),임영언 ( Young Eon Ihm ) 한국센서학회 2005 센서학회지 Vol.14 No.1

N/A A thermoelectric flow sensor for small quantity of gas flow rate was fabricated using silicon wafer semiconductor process and bulk micromachining technology. Evanohm R alloy heater and chromel-constantan thermocouples were used as a generation heat unit and sensing parts, respectively. The heater and thermocouples are thermally isolated on the Si₃N₄/ SiO₂/Si₃N₄ laminated membrane. The characteristics of this sensor were observed in the flow rate range from 0.2 slm to 1.0 slm and the heater power from 0.72 mW to 5.63 mW. The results showed that the sensitivities ((??(ΔV)/??(q)); AV : voltage difference, 4 : flow rate) were increased in accordance with heater power rise and decreasing of flow rate.

보호공학 방법론에 관한 연구

이영화(Lee Young Hwa),이남용(Lee Nam Yong) 한국정보보호학회 1999 情報保護學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

연구보문 : 국내 유채 1대잡종 품종 육성과 바이오디젤용 유채 재배 연구

이영화 ( Yong Hwa Lee ),김광수 ( Kwang Soo Kim ),장영석 ( Young Seok Jang ),조현준 ( Hyun Jun Cho ),남상식 ( Sang Sik Nam ),서세정 ( Sae Jung Suh ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2010 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.22 No.4

최근 고유가와 기후협약 대응 등 세계 에너지 수급 환경변화에 따라 석유 대체연료로서 생물자원을 원료로 하는 바이오연료에 대한 연구와 생산이 급증하고 있다. 유채(Brassica napus L.)는 타 유지작물에 비하여 기름함량이 높고 단위면적 당 종자의 수량성이 높아 바이오디젤 원료 공급측면에서 가장 유리하다. 하지만 국내에서 양질의 바이오디젤을 대량으로 생산하기 위해서는 종자 내 기름과 올레인산 함량이 높고 이모작지에 적응성이 높은 바이오 디젤 생산용 유채 품종의 개발이 필수적이다. 본 고에서는 농촌진흥청 바이오에너지작물센터에서 육성한 바이오디젤용 1대잡종 유채 품종(``조망``, ``보람``, ``신성``)의 특성과 생물공학적 기술을 이용한 유채 품종 개발 연구 및 이모작지에서 바이오디젤용 유채 재배시 고려해야할 사항에 대해서 논의하였다. 특히 최근 바이오디젤의 면세 범위 축소 조짐에 따른 대응 방안이 시급히 필요하다. 따라서 겨울철 유휴지 활용을 통한 유채재배 확대 방안 마련, 국내 폐 식용유 수거체계 개선, 및 동물성 (폐)유지 활용을 통한 바이오디젤 생산 추진 등 바이오디젤 원료확보를 위한 적극적인 정책적 노력이 필요하다. Due to growing environmental concerns and energy crisis, vegetable oils are finding their way into transportation fuels. Vegetable oils are used as a major feedstock for biodiesel production and offer significant environmental benefits with respect to resource renewability and biodegradability. Rapeseed has a higher level of oil content than other oil-based crops, while it still has several notable challenges regarding productivity, fatty acid composition, oleic acid content, early maturity, cold resistance and so on. In order to address those issues, Bioenergy Crop Research Center at Rural Development Administration has been using conventional and molecular approaches. In this review, recent rapeseed researches on development of F1 hybrid rapeseed and the cultivation in idol land(rice-harvested fields) for the production of biodiesel feedstock were explained. For large-scale expansion of rapeseed cultivation several considerations in terms of rapeseed breeding and cultivation were discussed.

한국 유채 6 품종의 개화기 침수처리에 따른 습해반응 분석

이영화 ( Yong Hwa Lee ),이태성 ( Tae Sung Lee ),김보빈 ( Kwang Soo Kim ),하수옥,김광수,장영석 ( Young Seok Jang ),최인후 ( In Hu Choi ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2014 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Soil waterlogging is a serious constraint to crop production. In this study six Korean rapeseed varieties (‘Sunmang’, ‘Tammi’, ‘Tamla’, ‘Naehan’, ‘Youngsan’, and ‘Halla’) were subjected to waterlogging treatments (3, 6, 9, and 12 days) during flowering stage. We investigated physiological responses, yield components, and seed yields of six rapeseed varieties. Three days of waterlogging treatment on six different varieties showed no differences, when it compared with control plants. However, four to nine days of waterlogging treatments caused flowering shoots to bend and break, which appeared to be the most prompt and serious waterlogging response. Secondary branches were developed from the broken flowering shoots. Waterlogging for six days and more over during flowering stage decreased plant height, yield components (pod number, seed number, 1,000 seed weight), and seed yields, significantly. Seed yields of six varieties after six days of waterlogging were reduced to ‘Sunmang’ (54%), ‘Tammi’ (35%), ‘Tamla’ (33%), ‘Naehan’ (78%), ‘Youngsan’ (70%), and ‘Halla’ (32%), respectively, when compared to non-waterlogging control. However, fatty acid compositions of the six rape varieties were not almost affected by waterlogging treatments. Overall, ‘Youngsan’ variety was shown to be the most resistant to waterlogging stress among the six varieties.

유채 종간잡종 F1과 F2 집단의 종자크기 및 지방산 조성 변화

이영화 ( Yong Hwa Lee ),이태성 ( Tae Sung Lee ),김광수 ( Kwang Soo Kim ),서태철 ( Tae Cheol Seo ),장영석 ( Young Seok Jang ),이경보 ( Kyeong Bo Lee ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2015 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

Seed size is an important component of yield in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In this study seed size (determined by 100-seed weight) in six rapeseed crosses between B. napus (maternal (♀) variety: Tammi, Tamla, Halla, Mokpo CGMS) and B. rapa (paternal (♂) variety: Sarso, Sarson, Sarsyun) were analyzed including parents and F1 and F2 generations. Differences in the mean 100-seed weight of F1 and F2 generations were detected in six crosses (Mokpo CGMS × Sarso, Mokpo CGMS × Sarson, Tammi × Sarsyun, Tammi × Sarson, Tamla × Sarsyun, Halla × Sarsyun). Mean 100-seed weight was highest in Tammi × Sarsyun cross. Several lines in F2 generations of three cross combinations (Tammi × Sarsyun, Tamla × Sarsyun, and Halla × Sarsyun) showed about 0.7g of 100-seed weight. Fatty acid compositions in the three cross combinations were further analyzed. The large seed lines were accompanied by a simultaneous increase in erusic acid that derived from paternal parents. Based upon these results, large rapeseed seed lines with low-erusic acid would be selected in subsequent generations.

해수 염 처리에 의한 유채의 지방산 조성과 무기이온 수준 변화

이영화 ( Yong Hwa Lee ),이태성 ( Tae Sung Lee ),김광수 ( Kwang Soo Kim ),장영석 ( Young Seok Jang ),조현준 ( Hyun Jun Cho ),남상식 ( Sang Sik Nam ),서세정 ( Sae Jung Suh ),박광근 ( Kwang Geun Park ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

Effects of different salinity levels (Ground water and EC 4, 8, 16 dS m-1) on six Korean rapeseed cultivars and four lines were examined. Plant height, dry weight and seed yields decreased approximately linearly as salinity levels increased. Under various salinity levels, Tammiyuche, Tamlayuche, and Sunmang had the highest seed yields of all the cultivars or lines examined, whereas Naehanyuche and Mokpo#114 had the lowest. In addition, proline content dramatically increased under seawater treatment of EC 8 and 16 dS m?1, whereas the level of proline in EC 4 dS m?1 was similar to the control indicating that the plant growth was significantly affected at EC 8 dS m?1 and above. Furthermore, under the three different salinity levels, fatty acid compositions and mineral nutrition accumulation in the rapeseed were investigated. Oleic acid content increased slightly at EC 4 dS m?1, when compared to control plants. The composition of other fatty acids was almost not changed. Absorption rates of mineral ions were determined for the six cultivars and four lines. Salinity significantly increased Na+ and Mg2+ in leaves, whereas it reduced K+. Overall plant response depends on the kinds of salts contributing to salinity.