대학생의 영적안녕과 죽음에 대한 태도 및 호스피스 인식

이영은,최은아,이경은,Lee, Young Eun,Choi, Eun Ah,Lee, Kyoung Eun 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2015 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적: 본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 영적안녕, 죽음에 대한 태도 및 호스피스에 대한 인식 정도와 그 관계를 규명하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 대상자는 B 광역시에 소재한 3개 종합대학교에 재학 중인 간호학과를 제외한 대학생 143명이었고, 자료수집 기간은 2014년 9월 1일부터 동년 9월 0일까지였다. 결과: 대학생의 영적안녕 정도는 평균 2.63(척도범위 1~4)으로 중간 정도였고, 죽음에 대한 태도는 2.74(척도범위 1~4)로 중간보다 약간 높은 것으로 나타나 약간 긍정적인 것을 알 수 있었다. 대학생의 호스피스의 인식 정도는 일반적 인식에서 '알고 있다'라고 대답한 학생이 54.5%로 절반수준이었고, 호스피스 관련 교육을 '받은 적 없다'가 93.0%으로 대부분을 차지하였으며, '호스피스를 알고 있다'고 응답한 경우 호스피스를 듣게 된 경로는 '종교기관'이 30명(38.5%)으로 가장 많았다. 호스피스의 목적에 대한 인식 정도는 3.90(척도범위 1~5)로 비교적 높았고, 호스피스의 필요성에 대한 인식 정도는 3.48(척도범위 1~5)로 중간보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 대학생의 일반적 특성에 따른 호스피스의 목적에 대한 인식 정도는 호스피스인지, 추후 호스피스 수강 의향, 추후 호스피스 자원봉사 의향에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 대학생의 일반적 특성에 따른 호스피스의 필요성에 대한 인식 정도는 부모 생존 여부, 학교생활 만족도, 부모와의 관계, 호스피스 인지, 호스피스 관련교육 수강 유무, 추후 호스피스 수강 의향, 추후 호스피스 자원봉사 의향에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대학생의 영적안녕과 죽음에 대한 태도(r=0.175, P=0.037), 영적안녕과 호스피스에 대한 인식(r=0.203, P=0.015)은 각각 양의 상관관계였고, 죽음에 대한 태도와 호스피스 인식은 상관관계가 없었다. 결론: 일반대학생의 죽음에 대한 태도와 호스피스에 대한 인식을 증진시키기 위한 죽음 및 호스피스 교육프로그램 개발을 제안한다. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide baseline data for the development of an educational program for hospice care for college students. Methods: A survey was conducted at three universities in B city with 143 students from September 5, 2014 through September 26, 2014. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 program. This study was approved by IRB. Results: The college students' spiritual well-being was at a medium level. Their attitudes to death were neutral, and perception of hospice care was at a medium level. Most of the participants (93.0%) had no training in hospice care. The participants' awareness of the purpose of hospice care was at a relatively high level. Their awareness of the need for hospice care was at a moderate level. The participants' spiritual well-being and their attitudes to death showed a weak but positive correlation (r=0.179, P=0.030). The relationship between their spiritual well-being and awareness of hospice care were positively correlated (r=0.203, P=0.015). Conclusion: The participants' perception of hospice care was low. Most of them had no experience of hospice care education. Also, the higher the spiritual stability was, the higher the participants' perception of the purpose and the necessity of hospice care was. And their perception of the hospice care varied depending on their family relationship, satisfaction with school life, and cognition of hospice care. Therefore, we need consider these variables to develop a hospice education program to enhance college students' attitudes to death and their perception of hospice care.

급성기 뇌경색 환자에서 Scandinavian Stroke Scale과 Motricity Index 간의 상관관계에 대한 연구

이영은,노현석,이동혁,양승보,이현중,조승연,박성욱,정우상,문상관,박정미,조기호,고창남,Lee, Young-eun,Jamiyandorj, Budlkham,Noh, Hyeon-seok,Lee, Dong-hyuk,Yang, Seung-bo,Lee, Hyun-joong,Cho, Seung-yeon,Park, Seong-uk,Jung, Woo-sang,Moon, S 대한한방내과학회 2015 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

Objectives: This study examined the correlation between the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) and the Motricity Index (MI) in acute cerebral infarction patients. Methods: We studied 75 inpatients within a month after the onset of cerebral infarction; patients were recruited from July 2012 to November 2013. We analyzed the correlation between changes in SSS and MI by pattern identification. Results: A significant moderate positive linear correlation was noted between SSS and MI in the total patient cohort and in a Fire-heat group, Dampness-phlegm group, Qi deficiency group, and Deficiency syndrome group. A significant strong positive linear correlation existed between SSS and MI in the Excess syndrome group. The Yin deficiency group showed a weak positive linear correlation, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the correlation between SSS and MI in acute cerebral infarction patients could differ depending on pattern identification.

산욕초기 어머니 역할획득을 위한 신생아실 간호사 역할수행에 관한 연구

이영은,박춘화,박금자,김영순,박봉임,Lee Young Eun,Park Chun Hwa,Park Geum Ja,Kim Young Soon,Park Bong Im 한국아동간호학회 1998 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.4 No.2

The early postpartum period is crucial toward in recovery from childbirth and attainment of the maternal role. Maternal role attainment is a complex social and cognitive process of stimulus-response accomplished by learning. Helping for maternal role attainment is one of nursing goals in the early postpartum period. Based on King's conceptual framework for nursing, this study was planned as descriptive correlation study to determine the significant differences of the degree of nursery room nurses' role performance according to several variables of personal, interpersonal, and working system of nurses in nursery room. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the planning of nursing care to help maternal role attainment of the early postpartum period of mothers and to the development of relevant nursing theory. The data were collected from Feb. 3 to 28 by questionnaires with 273 nurses in nursery room. The instruments for this study were consisted of four parts : 21 questions for rot performance of nurse. 37 questions for personal system of nurse including 31 questions for role perception of nurse : 65 questions for interpersonal system including 63 questions for job stress of nurses , 18 questions for working system of nurse. The toos to measure role performance and role perception, and job stress of nurse were tested for internal reliability. Cronbach's Alphas were 0.9612, 0.9058, and 0.9649. The data were analysed by using in S.A.S. computerized program and included percentage, t-test, ANOVA Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Duncan multiple range test. The conclusions obtained from this study are summerized as follows : 1. The mean score of the items of role performance was 2.12(SD=0.55) in Likert's 4 points scale. 2. The degree of role performance was significantly different according to role perception(p=0.0001), age (p=0.006), educational background(p=0.002) , and certificate of midwife (p=0.03) among variables of personal system of subjects. 3. The degree of role performance was significantly different according to job stress (p=0.0001) and numbers of children(p=0.006) among variables of interpersonal system of subjects. 4. The degree of role performance was significantly different according to having opportunities for baby(p=0.03), the degree of flexibility to bring baby to mother's room(p=0.046), the scope of visitor for baby(p=0.016) , the degree of flexibility of visiting for baby (p=0.049) , the degree of participation of nurse in establishing visiting rules(p=0.017), existence and/or nonexistance of rules for breast feeding(p=0.010) , existence and/or nonexistance of education for breast feeding (p=0.009), existence and/or nonexistance of breast feeding room(p=0.013) , concert methods for breast feeding (p=0.003), working place (p=0.0001), and career(p=0.019) among variables of personal system of subjects.

안축장이 짧은 안에서 인공수정체도수 산출 공식과 전방 깊이에 따른 정확성 분석

이영은,최규룡,전루민,Young-Eun Lee,Kyu-Ryong Choi,Roo Min Jun 대한안과학회 2010 대한안과학회지 Vol.51 No.10

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations according to the chosen formulas and anterior chamber depths in eyes with short axial lengths. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 57 eyes of 50 patients (axial length < 22.0 mm) and 42 eyes of 36 patients (22.0 mm ≤ axial length < 25.0 mm) who underwent cataract surgery. IOL power was calculated with the SRK II, SRK/T, Binkhorst, Holladay I, and Hoffer Q formulas. The differences between the predicted refraction and the actual refraction were compared and analyzed. The errors according to the anterior chamber depth were also evaluated. Results: The SRK II formula showed a lower predictive accuracy, and the other formulas showed similar accuracies in eyes with short axial lengths. The Holladay 1 and Hoffer Q formulas showed good predictive accuracies in eyes with short axial lengths. Hyperopic shift tended to occur with all formulas in eyes with short axial lengths. When using SRK II and SRK/T formulas, a correlation between axial length and hyperopic shift was observed, with shorter axial length patients shifting to more hyperopic conditions. In eyes with short axial lengths, larger hyperopic shifts tended to occur in eyes with relatively deeper anterior chambers. Conclusions: In eyes with short axial lengths, preoperative predicted IOL power showed good accuracies with Holladay 1 and Hoffer Q formulas. Preoperative anterior chamber depth and axial length had a strong influence on the accuracies of predicted IOL power. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2010;51(10):1338-1344

TVS경량체가 적용된 이방향 중공슬래브-기둥 접합부 뚫림전단거동의 실험적 평가

이영은,류재호,주영규,김상대,김재건,Lee, Yung-Eun,Ryu, Jae-Ho,Ju, Young-K.,Kim, Sang-Dae,Kim, Jae-Keon 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.11

Same as flat plate slab system, punching shear fracture is able to occur at the connection of two-way void slab and column. It is one of the biggest weak points of the two-way void slab, but there is none of regulation for punching shear strength of two-way void slab. Also the studies on punching shear behavior of two-way void slab are not enough to make a regulation. In this study, the punching shear behavior of two-way void slab with TVS lightweight ball is experimentally explored with parameters of different location of void around the column and usage of shear reinforcement. The result data shows that as the distance between column and void increases, punching shear strength increases as well. In addition, according to inferring inclined crack from two-way void slab, the location of void affects to slope of the inclined crack. Consequently, a new control perimeter is suggested. Also, revised design equation for punching shear strength of two-way void slab is devised by using shear strength reducing factor.

광주 충효동 분청과 백자의 과학기술적 연구 (Ⅰ). 성분분석을 중심으로

이영은,고경신,Lee, Young Eun,Koh, Kyong Shin 대한화학회 1998 대한화학회지 Vol.42 No.3

15세기 초부터 약 70-80년간 활동한 광주 충효동 가마터에서 출토된 분청과 백자 60여점을 위치와 층위에 따라 8그룹으로 나누어 성분을 분석하였다. 태토의 경우 XRF로 주성분을, 그리고 ICP-MS로 미량성분을 분석하였으며, 유약은 EPMA를 사용하여 주성분을 분석하였다. SPPS 프로그램을 이용한 주성분분석법으로 성분분석 결과를 통계분석한 결과, 위치와 층위별로 뚜렷한 차이를 보였는데, 초기에 만들어진 $CHE_2$의 최상급의 분청태토는 $Al_2O_3$함량이 높고, $Fe_2O_3,\;TiO_2$가 낮았으며, 시기가 늦어질수록 질이 떨어져 $Al_2O_3$는 낮고, Fe_2O_3,\;TiO_2,$ CaO등이 높았다. 백자의 태토는 연질백자나 경질백자 모두 시기에 관계없이 30% 이상의 높은 $Al_2O_3$함량을 나타내었다. 분청유악은 라임계열이고, 백자유약은 알칼리라임계열이었다. 분청 20편에 대한 미량성분 조사에서는 1호가마에서 생산된 CHE2와 2호가마에서 생산된 CHW3-L이 같은 흙을 가지고 만들었을 것으로 추정되어 이 두 가마가 거의 동시에 운영되었음을 추정할 수 있었다. Punch'ong and whiteware sherds excavated from four kilns located in Ch'unghyodong, Kwangju, Chollanamdo were analyzed for their body and glaze composition. They are classified into eight different groups by the site and layer from which they were collected. In principal component analysis of major composition, the punch'ong body separates out into several different groups. CHE2, made in early fifteenth century, has a higher aluminum and lower iron content compared to the later groups of lower grade. Whiteware body has a very high aluminum content of around 30 wt. in both soft type and hard type. Punch'ong glaze was determined to be lime type and whiteware alkali-lime type.

이방향 중공슬래브-기둥 접합부 뚫림전단성능의 해석적 평가

이영은,류재호,주영규,김상대,Lee,Yung Eun,Ryu,Jaeho,Ju,Young Kyu,Kim,Sang Dae 한국방재학회 2011 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.1

최근 국내외에서 친환경건축물에 관한 관심이 매우 높아짐으로 인해 콘크리트의 물량을 절감하여 이산화탄소량을 줄이는 중공슬래브는 다양한 형태로 세계적으로 개발이 되고 있는 추세이다. 특히 이방향 중공슬래브는 환경적인 측면에서 이방향 중공슬래브는 중공부 생성에 재생플라스틱을 활용하여 폐자원을 재사용하고, 콘크리트와 철근의 사용량 절감에 따른 화석에너지 및 이산화탄소 발생량을 감소한다는 장점이 있다. 또한 시스템 측면에서 이방향 중공슬래브는 기존의 철근콘크리트 플랫플레이트 바닥구조 시스템의 자중을 절감하여 구조체를 경량화 시키고, 이에 따라 장스팬 구현이 가능하며, 단열효과가 뛰어나다. 이와 같이 이방향 중공슬래브는 장점이 많지만 플랫플레이트 슬래브의 취약점인 뚫림전단 파괴에 주의해야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선행으로 실시된 이방향 중공슬래브-기둥 접합부 뚫림전단 성능평가 실험을 바탕으로 하여 경량체가 이방향 중공슬래브-기둥 접합부 뚫림전단 성능에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 범용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ABAQUS를 사용하여 경량체량 및 위치를 주요변수로 한 해석적인 변화를 검토하였다. 본 연구를 통해 경량체가 삽입된 이방향 중공슬래브의 뚫림전단 성능에 대해, 해석결과 경량체 량과 위치에 따라 최대 뚫림전단강도는 기준 실험체에 비해 74.3%, 73%의 강도저하를 나타내는 것으로 알 수 있었다. 이는 실험상의 강도저하 값인 84.1%, 56.4%와 다소 차이가 있으며, 해석에서 중공부 주위의 응력집중 현상이 제대로 반영되지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 또한 이방향 슬래브에 경량체를 삽입 할 경우 경량체가 시작하는 부분에서 응력이 급격히 감소하는 현상이 나타났으며, 이러한 급격한 응력감소는 기둥 주위 위험단면의 변화를 가져오는 것으로 추정된다. 즉, 위험단면의 변화는 기둥으로부터 경량체 사이의 거리에 따라 달라지며, 위험단면 내의 콘크리트 단면 손실은 뚫림전단 강도를 감소시킨다. 본 연구에서는 이방향 중공슬래브의 뚫림전단강도를 산정할 수 있는 근사식을 제안하였으며, 보다 정확한 이방향 중공슬래브의 뚫림전단강도의 산정식을 위해서는 위험단면의 변화와 콘크리트 단면손실로 인한 전단강도 저하의 관계에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

고등학생의 호스피스완화의료 인식 영향요인

이영은,김미경,최은아,임민숙,Lee, Young Eun,Kim, Mi Kyung,Choi, Eun Ah,Im, Min Suk 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2016 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.19 No.3

목적: 본 연구는 고등학생을 대상으로 영적안녕, 죽음에 대한 태도, 호스피스 인식 간의 상관관계를 파악하고, 호스피스 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 한다. 방법: 대상자는 B 광역시에 소재한 고등학교인 실업계(남자, 여자) 2곳, 인문계(남자, 여자) 2곳에 재학 중인 1, 2학년 학생 229명이었고, 자료수집 기간은 2015년 5월 1일부터 동년 5월 31일까지였다. 자료는 SPSS Win 18.0 program을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearsion correlation coefficients, Stepwise multiple regression으로 데이터를 분석하였다. 결과: 고등학생의 호스피스 인식은 성별(t=-3.377, P=0.001), 주관적 건강상태(t=3.334, P=0.001), 주관적 학교생활만족도(t=3.233, P=0.001), 부직업(t=2.393, P=0.018), 호스피스 사전인지경험(t=-7.181, P<0.001), 호스피스, 죽음 관련 교육경험(t=-2.120, P=0.035)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 사후 내 몸에 대한 태도와 죽음준비에 대한 태도가 긍정적일수록 호스피스 인식에 대한 태도가 긍정적이었다. 호스피스 인식에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인은 호스피스 사전 인지 경험, 죽음준비에 대한 태도, 주관적 학교생활 만족도, 성별로 총 설명력은 34.5%였다. 결론: 고등학생의 호스피스 인식을 증진하기 위해서는 죽음준비에 대한 태도와 호스피스에 대한 인지를 높여줄 수 있는 좋은 죽음 및 호스피스 교육프로그램 개발과 시행이 필요하다고 본다. Purpose: This study was to investigate the relationships between spiritual well-being, attitude towards death and perception of hospice, and the factors influencing hospice perception of high school students. Methods: A survey was conducted with 229 students in four high schools in B city from May 1, 2015 through May 31, 2015. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS 18.0 program. This study was approved by the internal review board. Results: The factors influencing hospice perception of the high school students were previous recognition of hospice (${\beta}=0.412$, P<0.001), attitude towards death preparation among sub-variables of attitude towards death (${\beta}=-0.244$, P<0.001), subjective school life satisfaction (${\beta}=-0.215$, P<0.001), and sex (${\beta}=0.191$, P<0.001). The more positive the attitude towards my body after death and that towards death preparation was, the more positive recognition for hospice was. The total explanatory power of these factors was 34.5%. Conclusion: To improve high school students' perception of hospice, it is necessary to provide them with a hospice education program to help them with their attitudes towards death preparation and their understanding of hospice.

소아 진정 시 구강 협점막하로 투여한 Midazolam의 효과에 관한 연구

이영은,박미경,김윤희,정상혁,백광우,Lee, Young-Eun,Park, Mi-Eung,Kim, Yun-Hee,Jung, Sang-Hyuk,Baek, Kwang-Woo 대한치과마취과학회 2005 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: This retrospective study assessed the effectiveness of submucosal (SM) midazolam (M), oral chloral hydrate (CH), hydroxyzine (H), and nitrous oxide (N) 99 uncooperative pediatric dental patients over 182 sedation sessions. Methods: Selection criteria included good medical health (ASA I), from 2 to 6 years of age, uncooperative behavior, and the need for restorations and dental surgery. The children who was administerated with CH H, N was Group 1 (48 case). The children who was administerated with CH, H, N, M was Group 2 (51 case). All the patients received oral CH (50-70 mg/Kg), H (1 mg/Kg) and N (less than 50%). Additionally the Group 2 received SM midazolam (0.1-0.2 mg/kg). Behavior response was rated as quiet (Q), crying (C), movement (M), or struggling (S) every 5 minutes through operative procedures. Behavior response rating was assigned to Houpt scale of Overall behavior. Data was analyzed using Chi-Square Test. Results: The Group 2 had more effective (88.2%) than the Group 1 (68.8%)(P = 0.05). Also, vomiting response decreased in the Group 2 (94.4%) than those with oral administration of chloral hydrate alone without SM midazolam (77.1%)(P = 0.05). Conclusions: SM midazolam improved the quality of sedation and vomiting response.

영구대구치(永久大臼齒)의 교합면상(咬合面上)에 나타난 발육구(發育溝)의 변이(變異)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

이영은,Lee, Young-Eun 대한치과기공학회 1989 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The development of the lobe pattern in the human dentition plays a part in the form and function of each individual teeth. In order to determin the morphological categories used to describe the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular molars, the variation of the developmental grooves which separate each lobe in the molars was examined and analysed. The obtained conclusions were as follow. 1. Most of the maxillary first molars with more distinct and more developmental grooves than the other molars but in most cases of the third molar, a heart-shaped outline due to poorly developed or abscent distolingual cusp was most frequent and in this case the third molar had the 3 cusps separated by the central developmental groove and the buccal developmental groove. 2. In most cases, the mandibular first molar had the 5-cusp type that the groove patter resembles a Y, the second molar the 4-cusp type arranged in such a way that the buccal and lingual developmental grooves meet the central developmental groove at right angle on the occlusal surface and many instances of the mandibular third molars had the 5-cusp thpe with a+groove pattern which separatess the mesiolingual cusp from the distobuccal cusp and the 4-cusp type with a+groove pattern. 3. The maxillary and mandibular third molar were most variable in the developmental groove.