트랜스내셔널 소설에서의 참여의 의미

이영아(Young A Lee) 한국현대소설학회 2014 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.56

Transnational novel takes notice of beings that creat new reciprocal culture through their contacts with other cultures in multicultural age. Accordingly the subject, I, should become ``a reflective subject`` objectifying oneself in the presence of others rather than ``a egocentric subject`` revolving around unversal identity. The reflective subject transfigured through self crack could form solidarity with others and make one``s way to the existing social structure and finally develop new social order. This study was conduted to investigate the transfiguration of the subject, the solidarity with others and social engagement in a transnational novel, 「My stepbrothers」 written by Myungrang Lee. In this novel Youngwon, living in Youngdeungpo market as a minor and runaway girl, undergoes ``being looked at`` by others from ``looking at`` others. This experience is not passive one since she transfigures herself to the reflective subject by writing her observation on people in market, finding out life will from them, feeling compassion toward them and building self-identity. At last Youngwon refigured as a flective subject makes new order through forming solidarity with others in the market. The writer has Korean recognize anew the notions of others and their community because they are suffering from the ignorance of others and the conflicts with others. In this context, the murder of ``Team up, uncle``, who is a symbol of an egocentric subject, means a kind of warning not to stay in past hegemony and ideology. In conclusion, the writer persist the active and concrete engagement suitable for the multicultural society.

Detection of ClO₄^- via A Hypersensitive Receptor : Unusual Electrostatic Equilibria between Host and Guest in Aqueous Media

이영아,홍종기,정옥상,Lee, Young-A,Hong, Jongki,Jung, Ok-Sang 한국분석과학회 2002 분석과학 Vol.15 No.1

${CIO_4}^-$ 이온만을 선택적으로 감지하는 새로운 수용체가 개발되었다. $[Pd(Me_4en)(Py_2S){\cdot}2ClO_4]_4$ ($Me_4en$ = N,N,N'N'-tetraethylethylenediamine; $Py_2S$ = 4,4'-dipyridyl sulfide) 착화합물에서 주-객 화학종 간의 고감도 작용력을 연구하였다. $Py_2S$의 피리딜 기는 온도, 농도, 매개체 등에 아주 민감한 두 가지의 셋트의 $^1H$ NMR, 공명 시그날을 보여주었다. 이러한 NMR 거동을 수용액에서 고리 사합체의 양이온과 ${CIO_4}^-$ 음이온 간의 정기적 인력에 의한 평형 때문인 것으로 해석되었다. A useful receptor for the sensing of ${CIO_4}^-$ species with remarkable selectivity has been developed. The hypersensitive interaction between a host and a guest has been investigated for the complex $[Pd(Me_4en)(Py_2S){\cdot}2ClO_4]_4$ ($Me_4en$ = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; $Py_2S$ = 4,4'-dipyridyl sulfide). The pyridyl moiety of $Py_2S$ exhibits two sets of $^1H$ resonances that are delicately dependent upon temperature, concentration, and media. The nonrigidity has been explained in terms of an electrostatic equilibrium between the tetrameric host and the ${CIO_4}^-$ guest. The equilibrium is a useful method for the detection of ${CIO_4}^-$ anion with remarkable selectivity via "a restricted guest within a big host" in aqueous solution.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cyclodimetric Ag(I) Complex with 2,3-Bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine

김은주,이영아,이욱,정옥상,Kim, Yun-Ju,Lee, Young-A,Lee, Uk,Jung, Ok-Sang Korea Crystallographic Association 2000 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

The slow of 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyarzine(bpp) with Ag(CF₃CO₂) produces crystalline product suitable for X-ray crystallography. Crystallographic characterization of the crystal (C/sub 32/H/sub 20/-F/sub 6/N/sub 8/O₄Ag₂: triclinic P1, a=8.518(5)Å, b=9.546(2)Å, c=10.632(1)Å, α=81.11(1)°, β=87.61(3)°, γ=75.66(3)°, V=827.5(5)ų, Z=1, R=0.0431) has provided that the complex is a cyclic dimer [Ag(bpp)(CF₃CO₂)]₂. Each bpp ligand connects two tetrahedral silver(I) ions in a tridentate mode (Ag-N, 2.26()-2.43(2)Å), and the trifluoroacetato anion is bonded to each silver(I) atom in a monodentate fashion (Ag-O, 2.38(1); 2.39(2) Å). The skeletal cyclic dimer is stable up to 212℃, and drastically decomposes around this temperature.

'난민'의 자기보존성 연구 - 황석영의 <바리데기>를 중심으로 -

이영아 ( Lee Young-a ) 한양대학교 동아시아문화연구소(구 한양대학교 한국학연구소) 2017 동아시아 문화연구 Vol.68 No.-

이 글은 자기보존 욕망을 인간의 본질로 이해한 스피노자의 이론을 근간으로 하여 난민의 자기보존성을 황석영의 <바리데기>에서 살펴보고자 했다. 난민인 `바리`는 탈북 하여 중국으로, 중국에서 영국으로 이동한다. 바리는 영국에 정착해서 새로운 삶을 살기까지 난민으로서 자기를 보존하면서 삶을 지탱해 나간다. 바리는 `영`적 능력이 있어 자신과 비슷한 처지인 `칠성이 개`와 통교하고 형해이탈 하여 저승을 체험하면서 만나는 사람들과 소통하기도 한다. 심지어 난민들과 본질적으로 대화나 연대가 불가능한 위치에 있는 대영제국의 후손인 `에밀리 부인`과도 소통한다. 그것은 발마시지라는 육체적 접촉에 의해 실현된다. 그렇게 바리는 생명을 가진 것들과 차별하지 않고 소통하는가 하면 자신의 고통도 치유 받아 새로운 삶을 산다. 또한 바리는 공간과 타자의 얼굴을 통해 자기 안의 타자성을 발견한다. 더 나아가 바리는 주재국의법 외부에서 인종, 종교, 민족 개념에 국한되지 않고 서로를 온전하게 인정하는 `절대적 환대`의 태도를 갖는다. 절대적 환대의 모습은 타자와 함께 있어야지 자신도 더불어 생존할 수 있다는 윤리성에 기초한 모습이다. 한편, 바리는 생명수를 찾기 위해 저승을 갔지만 생명수를 구하지 못한다. 하지만 바리는 압둘 할아버지와의 지속적인 대화를 통해 지옥과도 같은 현재의 모습은 `우리` 모두가 만든 세상이기에 우리가 해결해야 한다며 바리를 연대적 존재로 본다. 또한 생명수는 `남을 위해 흘리는 눈물`, `타인과 세상에 대한 희망`이라는 뜻이다. 바리가 이러한 해석에 도달한 이유는 서사무가에서의 `바리`와 `생명수`의 의미를 재해석했기 때문이다. 이처럼 이 작품에서는 바리가 난민으로서 자기를 보존하는 양상이 생명을 가진 것들과 소통하고, 난민으로서 자기를 인식하며, 서사무가에서의 바리와 생명수의 의미를 현재적 관점에서 연대와 희망으로 재해석 하여 나타났다. This study was conducted to examine self-preservation of refugees with “Baridegi” written by Hwang Seok-young on the basis of Spinozistic self-preservation. `Bari` as a refugee escapes from North Korea to China and then moves to England. Bari resettles and starts her new life in England through self-preservation as a refugee. Bari has `spiritual` ability that makes Bari communicate with a dog named Chilseongi and experience interaction with the world of the dead. In addition, Bari`s spiritual ability make it possible that Bari communicates with `Madam Emily` who is descendant of the British Empire. Bari`s new life is the result of heal through communication with living things. Bari finds otherness in herself through space and other faces. Bari takes a `absolutely hospital` attitude beyond race, religion, nationalism. Absolute hospitality is based on ethicality that a person need others to be in existence. Bari goes to the world of the dead to fail finding life-giving water. Through the continuing dialogue with Abdul, an old man, Bari recognizes that we all made the present world like hell and we all should solve these condition and we all must be solidarity subjects. Therefore life-giving water is re-interpreted as `tears for others` and `hope for others and world`. In conclusion, the aspects of self-preservation presented through Bari are the communication with living things, self-recognition as a refugee and re-interpretation of Bari and life-giving water as solidarity and hope.

중년 여성의 체형에 관한 연구 : 실제 체형과 이상 체형을 중심으로

이영아(Lee Young-A) 한복문화학회 2011 韓服文化 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this research is to lay the foundation that middle aged woman takes care of more healthy, beautiful, attractive external features and prepares successful ageing on studying a difference of recognition between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype after we examine an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype in the object of about 40-50 middle-aged woman, dwells in Seoul·GyeongGi-Do, is the main group of a home consumption socially. The result of comparing a difference between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype was showing that in case of a facial form, the group which their faces are an egg-shaped prefers an egg-shaped and the group which their faces are a round-shaped prefers a round-shaped. In case of a silhouette, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a shoulder's type, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a shoulder-waist line, all groups prefer a Y line most. In case of a breast's form and In case of a back's from and in case of a buttocks' form and in case of a leg's form, all groups prefers a normal type most. On putting together research result as yet, middle aged women wish a similar somatotype irrespective of an age, an obesity measurement and this means a recognition of making an effort to be beautiful is alike. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize a somatotype of middle-aged women uprightly and it must be accomplished a continuous, systematic consultation and education about a weight-control on exercising and not to mention of making a desirable eating habit.

미용종사원의 감정노동이 이직의도에 미치는 영향 - 직무만족의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

이영아 ( Young A Lee ) 한국디자인트렌드학회 2017 한국디자인포럼 Vol.56 No.-

연구배경 본 연구의 목적은 미용종사원의 감정노동, 직무만족, 이직의도간의 관계를 살펴보고, 감정노동과 이직의도의 관계에서 직무만족의 매개효과를 분석하여 이직의도를 감소시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 연구방법 독립변수로 감정노동, 종속변수로 이직의도, 매개변수로 직무만족을 설정하였다. 미용실 직원 204명을 대상으로 설문을 진행하였다. SPSS와 AMOS를 사용하여 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 감정노동→직무만족 경로는 부(-)의 영향, 직무만족→이직의도는 부(-)의 영향, 감정노동→이직의도는 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 감정노동이 이직의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 직무만족의 매개효과를 분석한 결과, 부분매개효과를 보이고 있었다. 결론 근무환경의 개선이 필요하며, 미용실 종사원의 자존감을 향상시키기 위한 교육이 필요하다. 또한 불량고객에 대한 철저한 고객관리 및 적극적인 대응방안이 필요하다. Background The purpose of this research is to take a look at the relationships between the emotional labors, the job satisfaction, and the intentions to change the jobs of the beauty treatment employees and to present a plan for reducing the intentions to change jobs by analyzing the mediating effects of the job satisfaction in the relationship between the emotional labor and the intention to change the job. Methods Emotional labor as an independent variable, intention to change the job as a dependent variable, and job satisfaction as parameters. A questionnaire was conducted on 204 employees of the beauty salon. SPSS and AMOS were used for analysis. Result The route from the emotional labor to the job satisfaction had the negative (-) influence, the route from the job satisfaction to the intention to change the job was showing a negative (-) influence, and the route from the emotional labor to the intention to change the job was having a positive (+) influence. As a result of analyzing the mediating effects of the job satisfaction regarding the influences of the emotional labor to the intention to change the job, it was showing a partial mediating effect. Conclusion As a result, the improvement of the working environment is necessary. And the education for improving the self-regard of the employees at the beauty parlors is necessary. Also, the meticulous customer management and the plans for the active coping regarding the bad customers are necessary.

미용실 종사자의 직무스트레스와 파트너십이 자기효능감에 미치는 영향

이영아(Young-A Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2015 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This study attempted to determine the effects of job stress and partnership on self-efficacy in beauty salon workers and to develop a plan to enhance this self-efficacy. The study results found the following: First, an analysis of the effects of job stress on self-efficacy revealed that job dissatisfaction, job understanding and job pressure had a negative effect on self-efficacy. In ‘coping with a certain situation,’ a sub variable of self-efficacy, job understanding and job pressure showed a negative effect. In addition, job dissatisfaction and job understanding had a negative effect on confidence, and job dissatisfaction also revealed a negative effect on challenging attitude. According to the analysis of the effects of partnership on self-efficacy, interdependence and hierarchical atmosphere revealed a positive effect on self-efficacy. In ‘coping with a certain situation,’ only interdependence showed a positive effect. Furthermore, interdependence, user-centered culture, and hierarchical atmosphere had a negative effect on confidence while only interdependence revealed a positive effect on challenging attitude. To help beauty salon employees enhance their self-efficacy at work, therefore, it is critical to reduce job stress. Since partnership can also improve self-efficacy, it is also needed to strengthen the partnership between beauty salon workers and customers.

조선시대 여성의 이미지 변화 과정 연구 -머리 모양을 중심으로-

이영아 ( Young A Lee ) 한국동양예술학회 2013 동양예술 Vol.22 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 조선시대를 초기, 중기, 후기로 나누어 시대적 배경에 따른 머리모양의 변화를 연구하는 것이다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조선시대 초기는 체계확립기로서 여성들은 신분과 역할에 따라 정해진 머리모양을 해야 했다. 머리모양은 고려시대 수발 양식과 조선시대의 머리 모양이 혼재 된 이미지를 보이고 있었다. 조선시대 중기는 사림 정치가 행해져 지배 체제에 변화가 온 시기로 둥근 모양의 가체가 크게 유행하였다. 가체 머리는 황소 한마리 값과 가격이 비슷할 정도로 사치스러워 문제가 야기 되었다. 조선시대 후기는 붕당원리가 붕괴되고 노론 중심의 일당 독재가 등장하였으며, 가체 금지령 이후 궁중에 정착한 삼각형 모양의 첩지머리를 하도록 장려하였고 신분에 따라 그 모양이 구분되었다. 즉 조선시대 초기에는 머리모양이 혼재되는 양상을 보이고 있었으나, 조선시대 중기에서는 체재가 안정되면서 머리모양이 화려한 가체가 유행하게 되었다. 조선 후기에는 사치스럽다는 이유로 가체가 금지되고 첩지머리가 유행한 것이다. 이렇게 조선시대 여성의 머리모양은 시대적 배경에 따라 변화되는 것을 알 수 있었다. The objective of this study was to examine distinctive changes in hair-style in Lee Dynasty times at different temporal stages, that is, the early, middle, and late stage. The results were summarized as follows. In the early Lee Dynasty when the basic system was still being founded, women were forced to keep their hair-style according to their status and roles and the new hair-style and the typical hair-style of Koryo Dynasty were mingled. In the middle stage characteristic of politics controlled by groups of confucian scholar-officials, round-shaped wigs called gha-ches were in vogue. The price of a gha-che was high enough to be worth an adult cow. In the late stage that featured a single party political system dominated by No-ron party, wearing gha-ches was prohibited. As a result, a new triangle-shaped Cheopji hair-style (so called because a hairpin called cheopji was used) appeared first in the royal court and spreaded to other parts of the country. The shapes were further split into different sub-categories according to the status of individuals. In conclusion, over the many hundred years of Lee Dynasty the women``s hair-style changed, roughly reflecting different degrees of social instability, that is, the coexistence of the two different styles in the early stage, the appearance of the spectacular Gha-che style in the middle stage, and lastly the advent of cheopjis put on hairs together with the prohibition of gha-ches in the late stage.

여성의 퍼스널컬러 인식, 메이크업행동, 이미지관리행동 간의 관계 연구

이영아(Lee Young A) 휴먼이미지디자인학회 2021 한국휴먼이미지디자인 Vol.3 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 20~40대 성인 여성을 대상으로 퍼스널컬러 인식이 메이크업행동에 미치는 영향과 메이크업행동이 이미지관리행동에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 서울과 경기지역에 거주하는 20~40대 여성 302명을 대상으로 연구를 진행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 퍼스널컬러 인식은 외부조언, 직접적 인식, 색채선호인식으로 분류되었으며, 메이크업행동은 만족추구, 유행추구, 기능추구, 사회성취추구으로 분류되었고, 이미지관리행동은 도구성, 유행성, 대인지향성, 동조성, 개성, 과시성으로 분류되었다. 둘째, 측정변수 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 퍼스널컬러 인식, 메이크업행동, 이미지관리행동의 모두 하위변수 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의 상관관계를 보이고 있었다. 셋째, 직접적 인식이 메이크업행동에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있었고, 외부조언, 색채선호인식의 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 유행추구가 이미지관리행동에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있었고, 기능추구, 만족추구, 사회성취추구의 순으로 나타났다. 지금까지 분석을 종합하여 보면 여성의 퍼스널컬러 인식은 메이크업행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of personal color perception on makeup behavior and the effects of makeup behavior on image management behavior in adult women in their 20s and 40s. The results of the study on 302 women in their 20s and 40s, residing in Seoul and the Gyeonggi province, are summarized as follows. First, personal color recognition was categorized into external advice, direct recognition, and color preference recognition, while makeup behavior was categorized into satisfaction seeking, fashion seeking, function seeking, and social achievement seeking. Image management behavior was categorized into instrumentality, epidemic, and interpersonal orientation, which was further divided into sympathy, personality, and showiness. Second, as a result of analyzing the correlation between measurement variables, statistically significant positive (+) correlations were shown among all sub-variables of personal color recognition, makeup behavior, and image management behavior. Third, direct recognotion had the greatest influence on makeup behavior, followed by external advice, and color preference perception. Fourth, the pursuit of fashion had the greatest influence on image management behavior, followed by function pursuit, satisfaction pursuit, and social achievement pursuit. Comprehensive analysis revealed that women’s perception of personal color has an effect on makeup behavior.

한국의 빈곤층 밀집 지역 분포 및 형성 과정 고찰

이영아 ( Young A Lee ) 한국도시지리학회 2015 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.18 No.1

This paper aims to elucidate the cause of forming deprived areas and to explore the geographical strategies for figuring out poverty issues by mapping the distribution of deprived areas and explaining the formation process. Analysing the recipient household rate by wards (eup, meon, dong), deprived people in rural areas were rather evenly distributed comparing with those in urban areas. Poor people have been segregated in deprived residential areas and permanent rental apartments in urban areas. In particular, permanent rental apartments supplied between 1989 and 1992 have caused residential segregation despite the contribution to the provision of affordable housing. This paper does not agree the need of residential mix policy to solve residential segregation and neighbourhood effects, but suggests some geographical considerations on diverse social welfare services which allocate welfare service resources to each local deprived area.