월천 조목의 교육활동 탐색

이아름 ( Lee Ah Rum ) 한국교육철학회 2018 교육철학 Vol.69 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the educational activities of Wolcheon, Jo Mok. He is the first disciple of Lee Hwang, and his life is quite similar to Lee. The educational activities in the Neo- Confucianism should be broadened to cover the life's activities in consideration of the educational purpose is spiritual enlightenment for dao(道). The educational activities appearing in the chronology of Jo Mok include the repair of the Wolcheon Seodang, the reconstruction of the Bonghwa Hyanggyo, the construction of the Yeokdong Seowon and the Dosan Seowon, and the lecture activities. As an example of his educational activities, he has the appearance of a scholar and his discipleship. As a scholar, he was highly regarded by Lee and became an example to other disciples. His manner of serving his teacher served as a model for posterity. His fundamentalist character appears throughout his educational activities. His achievements show that he is an educator.

기립자세동안 전정기관에 인가된 정현파 전류자극에 대한 자세균형 응답

이아름,유미,김진호,김동욱,김정자,Lee, Ah-Reum,Yu, Mi,Kim, Jin-Ho,Kim, Dong-Wook,Kim, Jung-Ja 대한의용생체공학회 2010 의공학회지 Vol.31 No.3

This study is vestibular electric stimulation applied between the mastoids during quiet standing elicits postural sway. The aim of this study was to characterize the postural sway response to continuous sinusoidal vestibular electric stimulation across various stimulus frequencies and amplitudes. Binaural bipolar sinusoidal vestibular electric stimulation was applied to the skin overlying the mastoid processes of 10 subjects while they stood on a force plate. The position of the center of pressure(COP) and signals at the feet are obtained on an force plate, while the head and whole body center of mass(COM) was measured with motion analysis system. The stimulus conditions included eight frequencies (1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 2Hz) and six peak amplitudes (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 2mA). Each subject experienced one trial at each amplitude-frequency pair. The stimuli elicited sway in lateral plane in all subjects, as evidenced by changes in the stimulus frequency. Our results demonstrate that the vestibular system is sensitive to vestibular electric stimulation intensity changes and responds by altering the magnitude of the response accordingly.

흰다리새우(Litopenaeus vannamei )에서 분리된 WSSV의 전장유전체 분석

이아름,공경희,김휘진,오명주,김도형,김종오,김위식,Lee, A-reum,Kong, Kyoung-Hui,Kim, Hwi-Jin,Oh, Myung-Joo,Kim, Do-Hyung,Kim, Jong-Oh,Kim, Wi-Sik 한국어병학회 2022 한국어병학회지 Vol.35 No.1

The full genome sequence of a Korean white spot syndrome virus (WSSV, isolate: WSSV-GoC18) is presented here. We obtained a total of 12,320,554 reads with 291,172 bases, 170 gene, and 170 coding DNA sequence, which were assembled in 1 contig. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the WSSV-GoC18 was closely related to Chinese isolate (WSSV-PC) and distinctly different with previously reported a Korean isolate (WSSV K-LV1). The complete genome sequence of WSSV isolates will be of great help in molecular epidemiological studies, contributing to molecular diagnosis and disease prevention in shrimp aquaculture.

중금속 오염배지에서 식물성장증진 근권미생물에 의한 식용 피 발아율과 유식물 성장 증진

이아름,배범한,Lee, Ah-Reum,Bae, Bum-Han 한국지하수토양환경학회 2011 지하수토양환경 Vol.16 No.5

Positive effect of multiple-PGPR (Plan Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria), isolated from heavy metal contaminated soil, on the germination of Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea) was quantitatively estimated in 5 heavy metal (Cd, As, Ni, Cu, and Pb) contaminated liquid medium. The $EC_{50}$ value for respective heavy metal was estimated by TSK (Trimmed Speraman-Karber) model based on germination rate. The results showed overall increase in $EC_{50}$ with PGPR inoculation. The $EC_{50}$ value increased 1.4% from 96.0 mg/L (control) to 97.4 mg/L (PGPR-treated) in As contaminated medium. In Ni contaminated medium, the $EC_{50}$ value increased 31.9% from 148.0 mg/L (control) to 195.2 mg/L (PGPR-treated), while the $EC_{50}$ showed 4.8% increase from 63.4 mg/L (control) to 66.5 mg/L (PGPR-treated) in Cu medium. Overall seedling growth was stronger in the PGPR treated seeds than that in the control, but positive effect on seedling growth was not conspicuous. At effective concentration of 100 mg/L, the average seedling length of the PGPR treatment in As, Cd, Cu, and Ni medium, respectively, was 1.13, 0.14, 0.40, and 0.06 cm longer than that in the control. However, the increase of seedling growth was statistically insignificant (p < 0.05). These results suggest that inoculation of the isolated-PGPR exerts positive effects on seed germination by reducing heavy metal toxicity and can be an effective tool for application of phytoremediation on heavy metal contaminated soils.

충북 신품종 오디 '청수'의 영양성분 및 생리활성 분석

이아름,박재호,노재관,김영호,허윤선,홍의연,엄현주,Lee, A Reum,Park, Jae-Ho,Noh, Jae-Gwan,Kim, Youngho,Huh, Yoon Sun,Hong, Eui Yon,Eom, Hyun-Ju 한국식품영양학회 2016 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

Mulberry (oddi) is one of the most popular functional foods with many physiological components. This study investigated and compared the nutritional compositions and physiological activities of four mulberry fruits from Morus albo L. including Cheongilppong, Iksuppong, Suwonppong and Cheongsuppong (a new cultivar from Chungcheongbuk-do). To analyze the nutrient contents, mulberry fruits were freeze-dried. The results showed that the proximate compositions of the four mulberry cultivars ranged from 9.61~14.11% for moisture, 8.28~11.90% for crude protein, 3.70~4.86% for crude ash, 4.28~5.54% for crude lipid and 7.46~10.78% for crude fiber. The above proximate contents of mulberry cultivars were not significantly different. However, Cheongsuppong had the highest content of reducing sugar, 74.7%. Chungsuppong and Iksuppong showed higher contents of total polyphenol and anthocyanin than other mulberry cultivars, while all mulberry cultivars showed high antioxidant activities. Hypoglycemic effect had a slightly higher level in Suwonppong and Cheongsuppong than in the other samples. Taken together, the new cultivar "Cheongsu" oddi can be suggested as a potential source of functional food.

젖산균과 효소제 처리에 의한 동계사료작물 발효성상, In vitro 반추위 발효 및 소화율에 미치는 영향 연구

이아름,신수진,양진호,조상범,최낙진,Lee, A-Leum,Shin, Su-Jin,Yang, Jinho,Cho, Sangbuem,Choi, Nag-Jin 한국초지조사료학회 2016 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 청보리와 트리티케일에 L. plantarum, L. plantarum과 L. buchneri가 혼합된 접종원을 각각 첨가한 사일리지에 섬유소 분해효소를 첨가하여 사일리지 품질, 반추위 발효 패턴 및 소화율을 조사하였다. 두 초종의 사일리지 건물함량과 조단백질 함량은 전반적으로 청보리 사일리지가 높게 조사 되었으며(p<0.01), 트리티케일 사일리지 처리구에서는 섬유소 분해효소의 첨가가 유의적으로 낮은 NDF 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.01). 청보리와 트리티케일 사일리지에서 유기산 (젖산 및 초산)의 함량은 대조구에 비해 타 처리구들이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.01), L. plantarum을 접종균주로 사용한 처리구에서 유의적으로 높은 젖산 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.01). 사일리지 내 lactic acid bacteria는 두 초종 모두 섬유소 분해효소를 첨가한 처리구에서 높게 나타났으며, mold 생성량은 무첨가 대조구에 비해 처리구에서 낮게 조사되었다. 반추위 발효 패턴 및 소화율의 결과에서, 반추위 내 암모니아태 질소생성량은 청보리 사일리지에 L. plantarum과 L. buchneri를 혼합하여 접종한 처리구가 유의적으로 가장 높은 생성량을 나타냈다(p<0.01). 총 가스 생성량은 처리구별 유의적 차이는 없었으나, 효소첨가에 의해 증가하였다(p=0.003). 반추위 내 건물소화율은 청보리 사일리지 처리구에서 유의적으로 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.01), 트리티케일 사일리지는 혼합균주 L. plantarum과 L. buchneri에 섬유소 분해효소의 첨가한 처리구가 타 처리구 대비 유의적으로 높은 소화율을 보였다(p<0.01). 반추위 내 초산 생성량은 L. plantarum과 L. buchneri 를 접종한 처리구와 섬유소 분해효소를 첨가한 트리티케일 처리구에서 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(p<0.01). 또한 총 휘발성 지방산은 청보리 사일리지 처리구의 균주 및 효소를 혼합 첨가한 처리구가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.01). 본 연구를 통해 homofermentative LAB 보다 heterofermentative LAB가 안정적인 사일리지 발효에 기여하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그러나 반추동물의 사료효율 증대를 위한 대안으로 사용된 섬유소 분해효소를 이용한 효과는 초종에 따라 다양한 결과를 가지며, 효소의 적용에 대한 연구 및 균주와 효소의 상관관계에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bacterial inoculation (Lactobacillus plantarum or combo inoculant mixed with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri) and addition of fibrolytic enzyme on chemical compositions and fermentation characteristics of whole crop barley (WCB) and triticale (TRT) silage, their ruminal in vitro fermentation, and digestibility. In TRT silage, enzyme addition significantly (p<0.01) decreased NDF content compared to no enzyme addition treatment. Organic acids such as lactate and acetate contents in WCB and TRT silages were significantly (p<0.01) higher compared to those in the control. Particularly, lactate content was the highest in L. plantarum treatment. Fibrolytic enzyme treatment on both silages had relatively higher lactic acid bacteria content, while mold content was lower in both treatments compared to that in the control. In vitro dry matter digestibility was generally improved in WCB silages. It was higher (p<0.01) in TRT with mixed treatment of L. plantarum, L. buchneri, and enzyme compared to others. In vitro ruminal acetate production was relatively higher in treatments with both enzyme and inoculant additions compared to that in the control. Therefore, the quality of silage and rumen fermentation could be improved by inoculants (L. plantarum and L. buchneri) regardless whether whole crop barley (WCB) or triticale (TRT) silage was used. Although it was found that fibrolytic enzyme addition to both silages had various quality and rumen fermentation values, further study is needed.

SAC 305솔더와 ENIG 기판의 접합강도에 미치는 저주파 수소라디칼처리의 영향

이아름,조승재,박재현,강정윤,Lee, Ah-Reum,Jo, Seung-Jae,Park, Jai-Hyun,Kang, Chung-Yun 대한용접접합학회 2011 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Joint strength between a solder ball and a pad on a substrate is one of the major factors which have effects on electronic device reliability. The effort to improve solder joint strength via surface cleaning, heat treatment and solder composition change have been in progress. This paper will discuss the method of solder ball joint strength improvement using LF hydrogen radical cleaning treatment and focus on the effects of surface treatment condition on the solder ball shear strength and interfacial reactions. In the joint without radical cleaning, voids were observed at the interface. However, the specimens cleaned by hydrogen-radical didn't have voids at the interface regardless of cleaning time. The shear strength between the solder ball and the pad was increased over 120%(about 800gf) when compared to that without the radical treatment (680gf) under the same reflow condition. Especially, at the specimen treated for 5minutes, ball shear strength was considerably increased over 150%(1150gf). Through the observation of fracture surface and cross-section microstructure, the increase of joint strength resulted from the change of fracture mode, that is, from the solder ball fracture to IMC/Ni(P) interfacial fracture. The other cases like radical treated specimen for 1, 3, 7, 9min. showed IMC/solder interfacial fracture rather than fracture in the solder ball.

포트 재배에 의한 화약물질 오염토양 정화용 내오염성 식물 선정

이아름,배범한,Lee, Ahreum,Bae, Bumhan 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.6

Nine plant species were selected through vegetation survey at three military shooting ranges at northern Gyeonggi Province. Plants were germinated in normal soil and three seedlings were transplanted to a bottom sealed pot containing sandy loam soils contaminated with either RDX (291 mg/kg) or TNT (207 mg/kg). Planted, blank (without plant), and control (without explosive compound) pots were grown in triplicate at a green house for 134 days. During cultivation, transplanted plants exhibited chlorosis and necrosis in flower and leaf by explosive toxicity and stress. Only three plants, Wild soybean, Amur silver grass, Reed canary grass, survived in TNT treated pot, while seven plant species except for field penny cress and jimson weed, thrived in RDX treated pot. Appreciable amount of TNT (61.6~241.2 mg/g-D.W.) was detected only in plant roots. Up to 763.3 mg/g-D.W. along with 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, an intermediate of TNT, accumulated in the root of wild soybean. In addition, azoxy compounds, abiotic intermediates of TNT, were detected in TNT treated soils. RDX absorbed average 1,839.95 mg/kg in shoot and 204.83 mg/kg in root. Most of TNT in plant was accumulated in underground part whereas RDX was localized in aerial part. Material balance calculation showed that more than 95% of the initial TNT was removed in the planted pots whereas only 60% was removed in the blank pot. The amount of RDX removed from soil was in the order of Amur Silver Grass (51%) > Chickweed (43%) > Evening primrose (38%). Based on the results of pot cultures, Amur silver grass and Reed canary grass are selected as tolerant remedial plants for explosive toxicity.

최종당화산물 억제를 통한 상엽(桑葉)의 항피부노화 효과

이아름,김수현,김수지,김경조,권오준,최준영,노성수,Lee, AhReum,Kim, SooHyun,Kim, SuJi,Kim, KyeongJo,Kwon, Ojun,Choi, JoonYoung,Roh, Seong-Soo 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.5

Objectives : Recently, numerous studies reported that excessive generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) stimulated expression of skin wrinkle related proteins. This study aimed to evaluate inhibits skin wrinkle formation effect of Mori Folium (MF) through decreased AGEs. Methods : To evaluate the skin wrinkle inhibition effect of MF, SD-rats were divided into three groups; normal rats (Nor), AGEs-induced rats (Con), AGEs-induce rats treated with MF at dose of 100mg/kg body weight (MF). To induced AGEs, streptozotocin (50mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and after 3 days, 100mM methyl glyoxal was administered orally for 3 weeks. After the experiment, the animal's dorsal skin tissues and serum were separated and tested. Results : The oral administration of MF suppressed the AGEs level in serum. Also, the AGEs in skin tissues was significantly reduced through treatment of MF compared with control group. Moreover, the expressions of AGEs related proteins such as polyclonal anti-$N^e$-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), anti-$N^e$-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), AGE receptors (RAGE) were reduced in MF group compared with the control group in kidney and skin tissues. The matrix metallo proteinase-1 (MMP-1) reduced by MF treatment with the result that collagen type 1 alpha 2 (COL1A2) was improved that reduced by accumulation of AGEs. Conclusion : The evidence of this study indicate that oral administration of MF reduces the levels of AGEs in serum, skin, and kidney tissues. In conclusion, MF inhibit skin wrinkle formation, suggesting the potential of anti-wrinkle material.

소아청소년의 전신마취 하 치과 치료의 추세변화 및 치과 영역 중증 장애 유무에 따른 전신마취 재시행 양상에 대한 연구

이아름,김현태,송지수,신터전,현홍근,김정욱,장기택,김영재,Ahreum Lee,Hyuntae Kim,Ji-Soo Song,Teo Jeon Shin,Hong-Keun Hyun,Jung-Wook Kim,Ki-Taeg Jang,Young-Jae Kim 대한소아치과학회 2023 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.50 No.1

이 후향적 연구는 2011년 1월부터 2020년 12월까지 서울대학교 치과병원 소아치과에서 시행된 전신마취 하 치과 치료의 추세 변화를 분석하고 치과 영역 중증 장애 여부에 따른 전신마취 재시행 양상을 비교해보고자 하였다. 1,719명의 환자에게 1,857건의 전신마취 하 치과 치료가 시행되었으며 평균 연령은 5.1세였고 남자가 59.3%였으며 ASA 2등급 이상인 환자가 52.9%, 치과 영역 중증 장애 환자는 26.8%였다. 연구 기간 동안 전신마취 시행 건수는 지속적으로 증가하였으며, 6.6%의 환자가 2회 이상의 전신마취 하 치과 치료를 받았고 10년 동안 전신마취 재시행률은 7.4%였다. ASA 2등급 이상인 환자(p < 0.0001)와 치과 영역 중증 장애 환자(p < 0.0001)에게서 전신마취 재시행의 가능성이 높았으며, 치과 영역 중증 장애 환자가 전신마취를 시행받은 시기의 연령이 더 높게 나타났다(p < 0.0001). 치과 영역 중증 장애 환자에게 첫 전신마취와 두 번째 전신마취에서 모두 영구치의 수복 치료(p = 0.002, p < 0.0001)가 더 많이 시행되었다. 최근 10년간 소아치과 영역에서 전신마취의 사용이 증가하고 있으며 치과 영역 중증 장애를 가진 소아청소년 환자의 전신마취 재시행을 줄이기 위한 정기 검진과 구강 위생 관리를 통한 예방이 중요하다.