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李相和,李俊熹 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1984 硏究報告 Vol.7 No.2
T₄ and T_(6) treated test alloy were investigated by the D. S. C. analysis. Low temperature exothermic reaction which caused by dissolution of G. P. Zone was formed during the aging at room temperature, and has relationship to the preformed precipitates, by which classical precipitation path can be changed to the modified precipitation path. In the D. S. C. curve, the region of low temperature endothermic reaction is due to the dissolution of G. P. Zones, and the region of high temperature endothermic reaction is associated with the disslution of equilibrium phase η, and the formation of η', η, and the growth of η appear at the middle region of temperature. Kinetics which related to the precipitation process of high strength Al alloy can be investigated with the aid of D. S. C. analysis more easily. The relative stability of precipitate in matrix grows down in the sequence of η, η' and G. P. Zone, and is mainly depended upon the activated entropy.
이상화 명지대학교 대학원 1998 대학원논문집 Vol.2 No.-
This is a study to verify changes of the brain-waves of atheletes of the Poong Ryu Kwan that have considered to a re-vital exercise of the antient of Korea. Subjects of the experimental group of this study were 3 atheletes with 2 years experience in the Poong Ryu Kwan. Non-experienced 3 subjects also used in this study as a control group. Assessment of the rates of brain-waves conducted by situations of the open-eye period and the closed-eye period. Results of this study indicates that β-wave appeares from whole area of the brain, especially frontal cortex area, in the period of open-eye test. The α-wave also appeares in central fissure area. In the period of closed eye test, the β-wave appeares partially in the cerebrum, while the α-wave shows dominantly up in whole area of the brain. The α-wave of the experienced subjects increases continuously with fixed short wave length, while the θ-wave appeares from some of the non-experienced subjects. Therefore, this study indicates that the Poong Rye Kwan as a re-vital exercise is not only effective to rest the body and the mind, but also useful to decrease the stress of modern life.
Poly(vinyl Alcohol) 용액의 한외여과 특성과 이론적 고찰
이상화,이영철 한국막학회 1996 멤브레인 Vol.6 No.4
본 연구의 목적은 수용성고분자 PVA의 한외여과 실험을 통해 한계투과량(limiting flux) 현상에 미치는 조업변수들의 효과들을 고찰하고, 또한 겔층모델(gel-layer model)의 한계성을 극복하기 위해 열전달 계수의 개념을 도입한 Amiar 모델식을 바탕으로 새로운 모델식을 제시하여 이의 적용 가능성을 살펴보았다. Polysulfone 재질의 평판막(MWCO=20,000)과 중공사형막(MWCO= 30,000)을 사용하여 막내선속도, 투과압력, 온도, PVA 농도 등의 변화에 따른 한외여과 특성을 살펴보았다. 실험결과를 통해 polysulfone 재질의 막을 통해 PVA의 한외여과 과정은 겔층형성에 따른 투과저항 메커니즘이 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 중공사형막의 경우는 한계투과량 조건하에서 겔층모델에 의해 예측할 수 없는 upward 한계투과량 현상이 관측되었다. 점성도 보정인자(viscosity correction factor)가 포함된 새로운 모델식의 적용을 통해서 upward 한계투과량 현상을 예측하였으나 완전히 만족할만한 결과를 얻지 못했다. 그러나 이와 같은 모델식의 적용을 통해서 PVA의 한외여과 과정이 투과용액의 점성도와 매우 밀접한 관계를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. The operating parameters influencing on limiting flux was investigated in the ultrafiltration of PVA, and a new model, which is based on the Amiar model using the concept of heat transfer coefficient, was devised to overcome the limitation of gel-layer model. Using polysulfone plate-unit membrane (MWCO=20,000) and hollow-fiber membrane (MWCO= 30,000), ultrafiltration characteristics of PVA was examined with the variation of operating parameters such as cross flow velocity, transmembrane pressure, temperature, and PVA concentration. According to experimental results, the ultrafiltration of PVA through polysulfone membrane is mainly controlled by well-known phenomena of concentration polarization caused by gel-layer formation. On the contrary, in hollow fiber membrane was observed upward limiting flux which can not be explained by gel-layer model. New model was applied to predict the upward limiting flux behavior with partial satisfaction. The application of new model including viscosity correction factor, however, revealed that PVA ultrafiltration is closely related to the viscosity of permeating fluid.
이상화,강수희,김윤희 대한교통학회 2022 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.86 No.-
우리나라는 방사능 재난시 보다 신속하고 안전하게 주민을 소개할 수 있도록 주민 소개를 위한 교통수단 정의, 지정소개로 운영, 교통통제지점 관련 내용 등을 수록한 비상대응계획을 지자체별로 수립하고 있으나, 교통통제지점을 운영하기 위한 전략은 구체화되어 있지 않았다. 제1차 국가방사능방재계획을 살펴보면 도로별 통제계획을 수립하고, 비상시 실제 도로 상황 정보를 바탕으로 소개로에 대한 교통통제를 실시하라고 제시되어 있으나, 세부 가이드라인이 부재한 실정이다. 실제 해당 지자체 공무원, 경찰 등을 대상으로 면접조사를 시행한 결과 방사능 비상시 활용 가능한 교통운영전략은 경험에 의한 것이 대부분이었다. 본 연구는 국내외에서 사용한 교통운영전략을 검토하여 방사능 비상시 활용 가능 여부를 판단해보고자 한다. 국외에서는 대규모 재난시 역류차로제를 시행하고 있었으며, 이를 위한 구체적인 계획( 투입인력, 지점별 통제방안, 필요시설물 등)을 수립하고 있었다. 우리나라는 교통혼잡시 LCS, 신호운영 등을 적용한다. 우리나라에서 방사능 비상시 교통운영전략을 수립, 적용하기 위해서는 교통운영전략 유형별 적용 가능한 지점(도로)의 기준을 제시하고, 구체적인 계획을 수립해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 자료는 향후 교통시뮬레이션을 통해 국내 도입 및 효과 등을 판단할 예정이다.
법의학에 기반한 가정폭력 피해자의 신체손상 사정도구 개발 : 델파이 기법 적용
이상화,박완주 한국과학수사학회 2019 과학수사학회지 Vol.13 No.4
가정폭력 현장에서 피해자의 신체손상에 대한 초기 사정도구를 개발하기 위하여 법의학자, 법의간호사, 응급실 의사, 변호사, 경찰관 등 가정폭력 전문가 26명을 전문가 패널로 선정하여 3회의 델파이조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 켄달의 일치계수 분석 및 내용타당도 비율(CVR)을 통해 분석하였다. 첫 번째 델파이 조사 후, 신체손상 사정내용은 2영역 6범주 53문항으로 분류되었다. 두 번째 델파이 조사 후에는 켄달의 일치계수 분석과 가중치 순위를 통해 37개의 문항이 선택되었다. 마지막 세 번째 조사 후 CVR 분석을 통하여 33개의 문항이 선택되었고 기타 1문항이 추가되었다. 신체손상 사정영역은 현 폭력행위 4문항, 폭력의 행태 4문항 및 증상 12문항으로 구성되었다. 사정 시 주의사항 영역은 관찰 3문항, 청취 3문항, 기록 8문항으로 구성되었다. 가정폭력 발생시 피해자를 보호하기 위해 신체손상의 조기발견은 매우 중요하며, 발생현장에서 경찰은 피해자의 신체손상을 반드시 사정하는 것이 필요하다. 개발된 가정폭력 피해자의 신체손상 사정도구(PIAT-DV)가 피해자의 신체손상을 사정하는 데 도움이 되기를 바란다.
Leakage Current Effect of a Supporting Insulator on the Performance of a Resistive High-voltage
이상화,유광민,최장영,장석명 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.2
A new method is presented for measuring the insulation resistance of a Tefl on insulator in a resistive high-voltage divider, which is diffi cult when using the bridge or voltmeter methods. Our method determines the insulation resistance from the diff erence in the voltage dividing ratio before and after connecting calibrated high-ohm resistors to the Tefl on insulator in parallel. As the measurement results performed using this method, it is shown that the Tefl on’s insulation resistance, a support of a national dc high-voltage divider, is 5 × 10 14 to 2 × 10 15 Ω. This means that the leakage resistance eff ect on the voltage dividing ratio was less than 0.4 × 10 −6 , representing an insignifi cant impact on the divider’s performance.
이상화,김예림,Yeong Bae Lee,이주헌 대한임상신경생리학회 2018 Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology Vol.20 No.2
Background: Pulsatility of cerebral arteries and aortic stiffness have been associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We explored which is better correlated with the severity of WMH in a population with acute lacunar infarct. Methods: We included patients with acute small subcortical infarcts who underwent transcranial Doppler (TCD) and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Exclusion criteria were any stenosis or occlusion on major cerebral arteries on magnetic resonance angiography; poor temporal insonation windows; ankle brachial index < 0.9; and atrial fibrillation. We assessed the performance of the pulsatility index of bilateral middle cerebral arteries (PI-MCA) and baPWV for predicting moderate- to-severe WMH, defined as an Age Related White Matter Changes score > 5, and then sought to find independent predictors using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Eighty-three patients (56 males, mean age 61.5 ± 11.4) participated in the study. Univariate analysis showed old age and high PI-MCA were significantly correlated with moderate- to-severe WMH. However, baPWV was not associated with the severity of WMH. Multivariate analysis revealed old age (odds ratio per 1-year increase, 1.068; p = 0.044) and upper tertile of PI-MCA (odds ratio, 5.138; p = 0.049) were independently associated with moderate-to-severe WMH. Receiver-operating characteristics showed PI-MCA differentiated those with and without moderate-to-severe WMH with an area under the curve of 0.719. Conclusions: PI-MCA derived from TCD was better correlated with the severity of WMH than baPWV in a population with lacunar infarction. Pulsatility of cerebral arteries may better predict cerebral small vessel disease than the aortic stiffness index.
이상화,김태호,이준희,이종락,박중기 한국동물분류학회 2011 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.27 No.1
Thais Röding, 1798, commonly known as rock-shell, is among the most frequently found gastropod genera worldwide on intertidal rocky shores including those of Japan, China, Taiwan and Korea. This group contains important species in many marine environmental studies but species-level taxonomy of the group is quite complicated due to the morphological variations in shell characters. This study examined the genetic variations and relationships among three Korean Thais species based on the partial nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cox1 gene fragments. Phylogenetic trees from different analytic methods (maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining,and maximum likelihood) showed that T. bronni and T. luteostoma are closely related, indicating the most recent common ancestry. The low sequence divergence found between T. luteostoma and T. bronni, ranging from 1.53% to 3.19%, also corroborates this idea. Further molecular survey using different molecular marker is required to fully understand a detailed picture of the origin for their low level of interspecific sequence divergence. Sequence comparisons among conspecific individuals revealed extensive sequence variations within the three species with maximum values of 2.43% in T. clavigera and 1.37% in both T. bronni and T. luteostoma. In addition, there is an unexpectedly high level of mitochondrial genotypic diversity within each of the three Korean Thais species. The high genetic diversity revealed in Korean Thais species is likely to reflect genetic diversity introduced from potential source populations with diverse geographic origins, such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, and a variety of different coastal regions in South China and Japan. Additional sequence analysis with comprehensive taxon sampling from unstudied potential source populations will be also needed to address the origin and key factors for the high level of genetic diversity discovered within the three Korean Thais species studied.