McSpadden Technique의 근관폐쇄효과에 대한 실험적 연구

이상탁,이정식 大韓齒科保存學會 1984 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.10 No.1

This study was conducted to evaluate the sealing ability of McSpadden technique compared with lateral condensation and Engine reamer technique, and according to the degree of canal enlargement and the use and nonuse of sealer. Seventy single-rooted teeth were divided into 14 groups and each tooth was enlarged and obturated according to the purpose of this study. Obturated teeth were infiltrated by Indian ink and decalcified and cleared. The apical sealing ability was evaluated by measuring the degree of ink penetration into the canal. The results were follows: 1. All the teeth filled by lateral condensation using gutta-percha cone and sealer proved better in eanal sealing ability than McSpadden technique and Engine reamer technique, showing less ink penetration. 2. In the McSpadden technique, there was less ink penetration detected in using the sealer than not. 3. In all of the experimental methods, the difference of the degree of ink penetration according the degree of canal enlargement could not be accepted. 4. There was no significant difference in ink penetration degree between Engine reamer technique using scaler and McSpadden technique without sealer.

레스토랑 소비자들의 건강식 메뉴선택장애요인에 대한 질적 연구

이상탁 경남대학교 산업경영연구소 2015 지역산업연구 Vol.38 No.4

The purpose of this study is to understand what are barriers to hinder selection of healthy menu items for restaurant customers. Specifically, the reasons why customers in restaurants did not choose healthy menu items were analyzed with NVivo software program which is one of qualitative research tools. From 414 samples, 718 usable key-words consist of nice main key-words were extracted and analyzed. The nice key-wards include availability, taste, price, craving (reward), preference, information (knowledge), indifference, quality, and quantity. According to the results, availability of restaurant and healthy menu items were the most frequently mentioned barriers, followed by poor taste of healthy menu items and high price. Satisfying for craving, desire for reward, and preference for unhealthy food were also important barriers for healthy menu selection. Lack of information and knowledge regarding healthy food, quality and quantity of healthy menu items were followed. This study provide useful information for understanding why customers in restaurants did not select healthy menu items. 본 연구의 목적은 레스토랑을 이용하는 소비자들의 건강식 메뉴 선택을 저해하는 근본적인 요인들에 대해 알아보고 분석함에 있다. 구체적으로 레스토랑에서 건강식 메뉴를 선택하지 않는 이유에 대한 응답자의 서술형 답변을 질적 연구방법 도구인 NVivo 프로그램을 활용하여 분석하였다. 총 414명의 표본에서 718개의 유의한 키워드를 추출하여 9개의 주요 키워드로 나누어 분석하였다. 9개의 주요 키워드는 Availability, Taste, Price, Craving (Reward), Preference, Information (Knowledge), Indifference, Quality, Quantity로 구성되었다. 분석 결과에 의하면 레스토랑과 건강식 메뉴 선택의 용이성이 가장 빈도수가 높은 방해요인으로 나타났으며 건강식메뉴의 맛과 가격이 그다음 순위로 나타났다. 음식에 대한 욕망의 충족과 일상에 대한 보상의 욕구, 그리고 좋아하는 메뉴로 구성된 건강식 메뉴의 부재 또한 건강식 메뉴 선택의 주요한 방해 요인인 것으로 드러났다. 건강식 관련 정보 부족과 낮은 지식수준, 건강식 섭취에 대한 무관심, 건강식의 질과 양에 관련한 문제점들이 다음 순위를 이루는 건강식 메뉴 선택의 방해 요인이었다. 본 연구는 소비자들이 레스토랑에서 건강식 메뉴를 선택하지 않는 주요 원인에 대하여 더욱 깊이있게 이해하는 데 중요한 자료로 활용될 것이다.

Impacts of Calorie Information and BMI rate on Consumers’ Decisions at the Point of Purchase in Fast Food Restaurants

이상탁 대한관광경영학회 2018 觀光硏究 Vol.33 No.8

This study explored how disclosure of calorie information influences customers’ menu selections in fast food restaurants based on their current obesity condition (BMI score). The results of the two-way ANCOVA showed that the total calories respondents consumed were statically different based on availability of calorie information. For selecting main menus, there was no statistical differences while calorie information disclosure influenced for selecting side menus. Also, the results showed that respondents exposed to calorie information paid $1.00 less than those without calorie information did. Therefore, this study would be useful for providing calorie information to customers in fast food restaurants.

패스트푸드 레스토랑에서의 건강메뉴 선택의도: 미국인을 대상으로 계획된 행동 이론 적용

이상탁 관광경영학회 2020 관광경영연구 Vol.96 No.-

People’s health condition is closely related to their eating behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand customers’ willingness to select healthy menu items in fast-food restaurants, using the theory of planned behavior. Also, this study try to figure out how customers’ nutrition knowledge influences their menu choices at the restaurants. Sample were collected through an online survey company and analyzed by multiple regression method. The results showed that attitude toward healthy eating behavior, subjective norm, and nutrition knowledge positively influenced intention to eat healthy menu items in fast-food restaurants while perceived behavioral control was negatively related. These results may suggest some practical implications not only for the restaurant industry to develop marketing strategy but also for the government to create an educational campaign for improving public health.

생체외 실험을 이용한 근관충전용 Sealer의 세포독성에 관한 연구

이상탁,이정식 서울大學校 齒科大學 1991 齒大 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

로봇팔의 운동성능 향상을 위한 최적 운동 계획의 응용에 관한 연구

박종근,이상탁 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 2000 硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This paper suggests a method for the improvement of motion performance of a robot arm. First subject is searching the optimal geometric path and second one is finding minimum-time motion. The optimal geometric path is defined such that along which joint velocities. the joint-jerks and the acutator forces are minimized. In the minimum-time algorithm, the traveling time is expressed by the linear combinations of the finite-term quintic B-splines and the coefficients of the splines are obtained by nonlinear programming to minimize the total traveling time subject to the constraints of the velocity-dependent actuator forces. These two search algorithums are basically similar. The convergence is quite stable.

생체외 실험을 이용한 근관충전용 Sealer의 세포독성에 관한 연구

이정식,이상탁 大韓齒科保存學會 1991 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.16 No.2

越南戰에 있어서 末梢血管損傷

李相卓(Rhee Sang Tak),裵柄源(Bae Byung Won),沈暎輔(Sim Yung Bo) 대한외과학회 1970 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.12 No.4

Chloramphenicol, Cycloheximide 및 Streptomycin 이 Mouse 脾臟淋巴球內 環狀核酸鹽과 脾臟 및 血液內 淋巴球에 미치는 影響

李相卓,孫東烈,金仁樹,徐大圭 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1983 環境科學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

最近의 環狀 核酸鹽에 對한 硏究는 特히 免疫機能과 關係를 지어 急速히 進展하고 있으며 細胞內의 環狀 核酸鹽은 淋巴球形成을 調節하고 淋巴球의 分化, 增殖 및 成熱에 影響을 미치며 이로 因하여 免疫機能을 增强시키거나 抑壓하는 作用을 하고 있다. 한편 抗生劑는 一般的으로 免疫機能을 抑制한다고 알려져 왔으나 試驗管內 實驗을 通한 一部報告에서는 抗生劑가 免疫機能을 抑壓하지 않는다고 하였다. 本 實驗에서는 mouse에 比較的 大量의 chloramphenicol, cycloheximide 및 streptomycin을 投與하여 脾臟淋球內 環狀 核酸鹽의 變動과 淋巴球에 미치는 效果를 觀察함으로서 이들 抗生劑의 免疫機能에 對한 影響을 追求하였다. Chloramphenicol을 投與한 後 1 日 2 日 및 7 日에서 脾臟淋巴球內 cyclic AMP 値는 모두 減少되었으나 時間이 經過함에 따라서 漸次 正常으로 回復되는 趨勢를 보였고 cyclic GMP値는 投藥後 1 日에서 對照群의 그것에 比하여 約 3 倍로 增加되었으나 2 日에는 오히려 減少되었고 7 日에는 다시 1.5倍 程度로 增加되었다. 한편 脾臟淋巴球數는 投藥後 2 日에 2.4倍의 增加를 보였으나 7 日에는 正常에 比하여 약간 減少되었다. 血液內淋巴球는 1 日, 2 日 및 7 日에는 1.1 내지 2.5倍 增加하여 淋巴球增加症이 招來되었고 이로 因한 血液球增加症도 나타났다. Cycloheximide 를 投與한 境遇 脾臟淋巴球內 cyclic AMP 値는 減少되는 傾向을 보인 반면 脾臟淋巴球內 cyclic GMP値는 初期에 一時 增加되었으나 2 日 以後는 減少되었다. 脾臟淋巴球는 2日以後부터 甚한 增加를 나타내었으나 血液內淋巴球數는 오히려 減少되었다. Streptomycin 을 實驗動物에 投與한 바 脾臟淋巴球內 cyclic AMP 値와 cyclic GMP値는 모두 減少되었으나 時間經過에 따라 漸次 回復되는 樣相을 나타내었고 脾臟淋巴球數는 2 日에는 3내지 4倍의 增加를 보였다가 7 日째에서는 正常으로 回復되었고 血液內淋巴球와 白血球數는 變動이 없었다. 以上과 같은 結果로 미루어 볼때 比較的 大量의 chloramphenicol, cycloheximide 및 streptomycin의 單回 投與로서는 免疫抑劑作用이 나타나지 않는 것으로 推測된다. Recently, cyclic nucleotide research has begun to intersect with the equally rapidly growing field of immunology. It has been known that cellular cyclic nucleotides cause immunopotentiation or suppression by regulating activation of lymphocytes and especially by mediating differentiation, proliferation and transformation of cells. On the other hand, some antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections have been shown to depress lymphocyte function. Some reports, however, could not show any immunosuppressive effects in vitro by commonly used antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to extend the investigations on the immune function by examinung the cyclic nucleotidees levels in splenic lymphocytes and peripheral lymphocyte counts when some antibiotics were adminstered intraperitoneally in albino mouse with large dose. Chloramphenicol was found to reduce cellular cyclic AMP levels in each peroid and increase cyclic GMP levels by 1.5 times as control with initial raise and fall. It caused no significant reduction of splenic lymphocyte counts but increase of them by 2.4 times as the control group in 2 days. Cycloheximide showed decrease of cellular cyclic AMP concentration and transient increase of cellular cyclic GMP leveis. It was observed that splenic lymphocyte counts were increased from 2 days to 7 days whereas peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were reduced consistently. Streptomycin caused the reduction of cellular cyclic nucleotide contents in each period, but showed tendency to return progressively to normal cellular levels. It augmented splenic lymphocytes by 2 to 3 times in 2 days compared with control group but showed no significant changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts. From these results, it is not likely to cause immunosuppressive effects by chloramphenicol, cycloheximide and streptomycin with single administration of relative large dose.

Theophylline이 心筋收縮力 亢進作用에 미치는 影響

李相卓,徐大圭 한양대학교 의과대학 1986 한양의대 학술지 Vol.6 No.1

Isolated rabbit left atria were driven electrically at frequency from 6 to 240/min stepwisely. The contractile force of electrically-driven left atria varied with frequency of stimulation: the developed tension increased with frequency between 6 and 120/min but decreased with increasing frequency higher than 180/min. The application of phenylephrine at concentrations of 10(???)M and 10(???)M increased the developed contractile tension and shifted the tension-frequency curve upward dose-dependently. The positive inotropic effect of phenylephrine was markedly inhibited by pretreatment with phentolamine (10(???)M) but no significant changes were observed with theophylline (10(???)⁴M)-treatment. Isoproterenol at concentrations of 2×10(???)M and 10(???)M also increased developed contractile tension and shifted the tension-frequency curve upward dose-relatedly. Pretreatment of atria with theophylline (10(???)⁴M) markedly potentiated the effect of isoproterenol.