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이명화(Myung-Hwa Lee) 한국인물사연구소 2009 한국인물사연구 Vol.11 No.-
안중근의거가 일어나게 되는 직접적 배경에는 大東共報社와 그 주필이었던 李剛의 활약이 있었다. 이강과 안중근의 관계는 공공연하게 알려졌으나 이에 대한 연구는 전무하다. 안중근의거는 한국독립운동 사상 가장 큰 영향을 끼친 사건으로 기록되고 있으며 계획단계로부터 실행과정, 그리고 사건이 마무리되기까지 애초부터 철저하게 짜여진시나리오대로 진행되었다. 이 같은 안중근 의거가 계획되고 실행되기까지 이강은 결정적 역할을 담당하였다. 이강의 조국 광복에 대한 강렬한 신념이 있었기에 안중근 의거는 준비되었고 이강과 더불어 의거를 지원했던 공립협회·국민회 원동지회원들의 활약이 없었다면 아마도 의거의 실행은 불가능했을 것이다. 안중근의사는 형사 및 재판 訊問 과정에서 일제의 집요한 신문에도 불구하고 시종일관 伊藤博文 처단이 자신의 단독 결행임을 주장했으며 의거에 참여한 이들에게 후환을 끼치거나 혐의가 미치지 않도록 치밀하게 진술함으로써 이강을 비롯한 관련자들이 일제의 검거망을 피할 수 있었다. 그러다 보니 올해로 의거 100주년이 되었으나 자세한 진상은 아직도 밝혀지지 않고 있다. 한편 이강은 안중근의사 사후에 재러한인사회에서 안중근기념사업을 추진하면서, 유족들을 보호하고 책임지고자 했으며 안중근의사의 애국정신과 희생정신을 국외 한인 동포사회로 확산시켜 그의 의로운 의거가 우리 민족에게 잊혀지지 않고 살아있는 민족정신으로 자리할 수 있도록 전력하였다. 1923년에 러시아를 떠난 이후에는 상하이 대한민국임시정부에서 활약했으며 해방이 되기까지 한 순간도 독립운동을 멈추지 않았다. 이강은 임시정부의 업무를 수행하느라 해방된 지 이듬해인 1946년 8월에야 고국으로 돌아왔다. 그는 국내에서 한국독립당 고문을 맡고 교육 사업에 투신했으며 흥사단과 안창호기념사업에 종사하였다. 정부는 1962년 3월 1일 일생을 독립운동에 헌신한 그의 공로를 인정하여 건국공로훈장을 수여하였다. Daedong-gongbo and Kang Lee, who had been Daedong-gongbo editorial were a direct background of Jung-Geun Ahn's deed. The relationship between Kang Lee and Jung-Gean Ahn are well known. But entirely there is not research which relates with this. Jung-Geun Ahn's deed was advanced scenarios as from the planning stage and run progress to the event was over. And it is recorded the most affecting as the history of Korean Independence Movement. Kang Lee was to playa decisive role in Jung-Geun Ahn's deed until it's planning and even running. Jung-Geun Ahn's deed had been prepared and able to succeed, because for Kang Lee's strong belief in Fatherland Liberation. If not the United Korean Association and the Korean National Association of the Main Division in Siberia was supported, planning and execution of a deed would had been impossible. Martyr Jung-Geun Ahn said that decision of Ito hirobumi was the sole execution in the process of the criminal and the trial, despite of the investigators and the judge was questioned persistently, and that he made statement for them participated in a deed not to give damage. Therefore a deed's truth has not been still fully revealed. But the action of Kang Lee and his colleagues is revealed another facts of a deed. In addition, Kang Lee was to be responsible to protect his families by promoting Ahn's memorial project after the death of Jung-Geun Ahn. And he was giving the power to spread the spirit of patriotism and sacrifice in outside of the Korean community. Kang Lee was giving the power that Jung-Geun Ahn's righeous deed did not forgotten to our nation as alive to the national spirit. Kang Lee was active in the Korean Provitional Government of Shanghai after leaving Russia in 1923 and did not stop the Independence Movement until liberation. He was returned homeland after working the task of the Korean Provisinal Government in August 1946. The Korean Government awarded him the order of Merit's founding by recognizing his achievement in March 1st, 1962.
이명화(Lee,Myung-Hwa),강희경(Kang,Hee-Kyung),박진경(Park,Jin-Kyung) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2003 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.2 No.-
The purpose of this study was an attempt to investigated a spirituality of nursing students and to provide baseline data for spirituality development education of nursing students. The method The subjects were 499 students at department of N ursing, 5 University in Busan. The data were collected from June 7th to July 18th, 2002. The instrument was used Howden s Spirituality Assessment Scale. The results were as follows. 1.The score on spirituality scale ranged from 28 to 140 with a mean of 101.14土8.70(3.89±0.33) 2.The score on perceived health state ranged from 1 to 5 with a mean of 3.42±0.80 3.The spirituality according to general characteristics showed significant differences in sex(t=-2.125,p=.034) religion(F=7.387.66,p=.007) drinking (t=-2.401, p=.017), atmosphere of home (F-7.659, p=.006). 4.The spirituality according to religionious characteristics showed significant differences in influence of religion, (F=6.489,p=.002) necessity of religion(F=4.608, p=.003),help of religion(F =l1.213,p=.000), subjectivity of God in life(F=7.412,p=.000), reading of religionious books(F=5.768,p=.001), participation of religion ceremony (F=5.007,p=.002). 5.There were significant positive correlation between perceived health states and spirituality.(r=.498. p=.004) Conclusiᄋnly,spiritualitiy of nursing students was high and was influenced in sex, religion, drinking, atmosphere of home, religionious characteristics, perceived health status.
이명화(Lee, Myung-hwa) 독립기념관 한국독립운동사연구소 2015 한국독립운동사연구 Vol.0 No.52
‘조선총독부 폭탄의거’와 일본 육군대신 田中義一을 처단코자 한 ‘상해 황포탄 의거’ 두 차례에 걸친 김익상의 의열투쟁은 일제의 간담을 서늘하게 한 통쾌한 의거였다. 김익상은 의열투쟁의 화신이요, 식민지 지배에 대한 저항의 상징으로 전해져오고 있다. 그러나 의열단과 관련된 인물들의 기억과 전해오는 이야기의 기록 차이로 인해 김익상의 의열투쟁 내용은 과장된 무용담처럼 느껴져 왔고 여러 설이 전해져오고 있다. 한국에서 고단한 삶을 이어가던 식민지 청년 김익상은 중국으로 건너가 북경에서 의열단에 가입하였다. 1921년 조선총독부 청사에 폭탄 3발을 터뜨려 청사 일부를 파괴시켰으나 일제는 폭탄을 던진 이가 누구인지 전혀 감지하지 못한 채 사건은 종결되었다. 이어 1922년에 상해 황포탄 부두에서 오성륜 ․ 이종암과 함께 일본 육군대장 田中義一에게 권총을 발사하고 폭탄을 던지는 의열투쟁을 감행하였다. 2번째 의거에서 그는 체포되고 말았다. 심문과정에서 김익상은 자신이 총독부 폭탄의거의 주인공임을 당당히 밝히고 재판과정에서 대한 남아의 의연한 기개와 굴복하지 않은 저항 정신을 보여주었다. 일본감옥에서 20년을 복역하고 고국으로 돌아왔으나 그는 행방불명되고 말았다. 본 연구는 김익상에 대해 전해오는 사료 내용을 비판하여 분석해 보고, 그의 사망과 관련하여 여전히 확인되지 않고 의문으로 남아있는 부분을 추적해 보았다. 그리하여 이제까지 알려진 내용들을 재정리하여 김익상 의사의 전 생애를 새롭게 조망해 보았다. The bumb deed of the Chosun Government-General’ and the Japanese army Commander-in-Chief Danaka Kyichi(田中義一) one wishes to punish ‘The bumb deed of Huangputan(黃浦灘)’ of Kim, Ik-sang over twice Heroic struggle was under a thrilling and cool to chat in Japanese. Kim, Ik-sang became the incarnation of Heroic struggle, became a symbol of resistance to colonial rule. However, due to differences in recording memories and stories of the characters associated with Ui’yeoldan(義烈團), Kim, Ik-sang has been handed down as various participating Heroic struggle exaggerated saga is coming to tell the story about the incident he performed. Following an exhausting life, youth colonies Kim, Ik-sang his way to China from Korea have joined the Ui’yeoldan in Beijing. Three to set off a bomb in the Governor-General of Korea in 1921 the building was destroyed the building part. However, Japanese imperialism has not detected no idea who it is literally threw the bomb case was concluded. Following in Shanghai Huangputan(黃浦灘) shells in 1922, He fired the pistol and throw a bomb to the Japanese Army Commander-in-Chief Danaka gyichi with O Sung-ryoun and Lee Joung–am. In the second, he fell under arrested. In the interrogation process Kim, Ik-sang showed the spirit of resistance that they do not succumb to the backbone of the remaining resolute in the course of a trial for saying openly that the hero of the Government-General pursuant bomb. After serving 20 years in a Japanese prison he was returned to Korea. But he was missing. This study was analyzed by criticizing the feed content comes through for Kim, Ik-sang, and performed to track a new remaining portion still in question is not confirmed with respect to their death. Thus, by reorganizing the information known so far to investigate it overlooks the entire life of the newly Kim, Ik-sang.
이명화(Lee Myung-Hwa),송명숙(Song Myung-Sook),우경미(Woo Gyung-Mi) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2002 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.1 No.-
The purpose of this study was to the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life hemodialysis patients. The subjects were compromised of 198 hemodialysis patients from Pusan, Kyung-Sang Nam do and Kyung-Sang Buk do 6 dialysis clinics. These data were collected by posing questionnaires for 39 day period from Sep.19 to Oct.27,2001. The questionnaires includes tools for measuring the self-efficacy developed by Kim Ju Hyun(1995) and quality of life developed Kim Ok Soo(1993). The collected Data were analyzed with actual numbers percentiles, mean and stand deviation, pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA , Scheffe test. The results of this study were those as follows. 1.The general characteristics of the subjects of the study. The age distribution of the subjects of this study was 46-55 age group, which was 26.3%. The male was 63.6%. The married were 71.7%. The high-school graduate was 52.5%. The pre-attack was employed 71.2% and post-attack was unemployed 81.3%. The low-economics state was 58.6%. The family support was 52.2% and professional medical support was 66.7%. The hemodialysis period was more than 6 years 26.8%. The dialysis frequency was 3 times a week 85.9%. admission history was no 66.7%. 2.The mean scores of general selfefficacy was 2.87 Once I decide to do this work, I never chang my mind was the highest with a mean score of 3.01 and The more I fail to this work, The more I hold on it was the lowest with a mean score of 2.47. The mean scores of specific self-efficacy was 2.93 Medication in specific self- efficacy was the highest with a mean score of 3.43 and water drink was the lowest with a mean score of 2.56. 3.The mean scores of quality of life was 2.96. For each factor in the quality of scale, The mean score was as follows- For social activity in Quality of life was the highest with a mean score of 3.25, For familial relationship and financial status 3.06,For health perception 3.02, For physical symptom 2.84 and attitude toward life was the lowest w ith a mean score of 2.59. 4.There was a significant difference in self-efficacy according to age(F=3.271, p=.013),economic state(F=5.759, p= .004),religion(F=2.677, p= .048),duration(F=2.991,p= .032),frequency(F=9.045, p= .0003), admission(F=4.40, p= .037). There was a significant difference in quality of life according to economic state(F= 11.478,p= .000), frequency (F=7.573, p= .006). 5.The result of analysis of the relationship between self- efficacy and Quality of life showed significant correation(r= .512, p= .000). In conclusion this study revealed that the self-Efficacy is an important further that associated with the quality of life in hemodialysis patients.
해삼 추출물 첨가 샴푸와 두피개선제가 두피와 탈모에 미치는 영향
이명화 ( Myung Hwa Lee ),최태부 ( Tae Boo Choe ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.3
We studied 30 persons who have their own hair loss problem due to frequent hair dyeing reside Seoul and around area, from early twenties to late sixties age, with 100 person included men and women. It suggested new resolving method comparing real test with applying chondroitin shampoo and chondroitin shampoo scalp toner. After surveying its general characteristics and hair loss speciality, stress condition, it tested real test each 10 persons, once a week for 16 weeks, total 16 times with scalp treatment care separately general hair loss treatment with control group and chondroitin scalp improvement shampoo with test group. It tested scalp condition, hair growth density, hair thickness with hair analysis equipment separately before and after, each 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks after test. We founded much better improvement effect hair hole around and hair tone each group. The hair growth density of control group decreased from 76.9 cm2 to 76.5 cm2, chondroitin shampoo group increased form 76.7 cm2 to 103.2 cm2, chondroitin shampoo scalp toner group increased from 76.0 cm2 to 120.1 cm2. The hair thickness of test control group increased from 0.0389 mm to 0.0379 mm, chondroitin shampoo group increased form 0.0389 mm to 0.0528 mm, chondroitin shampoo scalp toner group increased from 0.0388 mm to 0.0542 mm. Thus it gives a similar difference from statistic data(p<0.001). Eventually, we concluded scalp toner care with chondroitin gives effective hair growth density, hair thickness and scalp condition. Due to satisfaction survey, it gives good condition at itch and skin sebum loss. Therefore it is concluded that chondroitin extracts treat method is good for prevent hair loss.
한 상담자의 열등감 경험에 대한 자문화기술지-열등감 성찰과 재해석
이명화(Lee, Myung-hwa),김명찬(Kim, Myeung-chan) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.17
목적 본 연구는 저자가 경험한 열등감을 주제로 하고 있다. 상담자인 연구자의 개인적 경험을 내부자적 관점에서 분석하는 자문화기술지 연구방법을 통해 본 연구자가 경험한 열등감을 성찰하고 재해석했다. 그 과정에서 열등감의 원인을 파악하고, 열등감의 반응을 살펴보며, 나아가 열등감에 대한 방안을 모색하고자 했다. 방법 이를 위해 연구주제를 선정하고 회상자료, 일기, 성찰일지, 인터뷰 등을 활용하여 자료를 수집했고, 시간의 흐름에 따른 경험의 의미를 분석한 후 자문화 글쓰기를 했다. 결과 연구 결과, 첫째, 열등감은 초기 어린 시절에 발생하며, 연구자가 처해있는 사회·문화적 맥락이 연구자가 갖게 되는 열등감의 경험에서 핵심 변인이었다. 둘째, 열등감은 우리나라의 사회적 양극화와 부·가난의 대물림 현상과 같은 사회 구조적인 문제에서 그 원인을 찾을 수 있었다. 셋째, 열등감의 반응 중 감정적 반응은 “창피하다, 부끄럽다, 불안하다, 수치스럽다.” “남을 질투하다, 부러워하다.”이며, 열등감의 행동적인 반응은 회피, 위축, 변명, 핑계를 대거나 반대로 과시하거나 과잉반응을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 본 연구의 열등감 극복은 순서는 ‘인정하기’, ‘나에게 되묻기’, ‘나다움에 집중하기’, ‘용기내어 주체적으로 살아보기’였다. 결론 본 연구는 상담가로 발달하는 과정에서 겪게 될 수 있는 열등감을 깊게 탐색하여 예시를 제공하므로 상담자의 개인적 성장에 관한 사례 및 기초자료가 될 것이다. 그리고 현재 열등감을 시달리고 있는 많은 내담자의 삶에도 적용하여 그들의 열등감을 해소할 수 있도록 치료적 대안을 제시할 수 있을 것이다. Objectives This study is the subject of the author s experience of inferiority. Through the research method of san autoethnography, which analyzes the personal experience of the researcher, who is a counselor, from an insider perspective, the researcher s experience of inferiority was reflected and reinterpreted. In the process, I tried to figure out the cause of the feeling of inferiority, examine the reaction of the feeling of inferiority, and even find a plan for the feeling of inferiority. Methods To this end, research topics were selected and data were collected using recollections, diaries, reflection diaries, and interviews, and wrote after analyzing the meaning of experience over time. Results As a result of the study, first, sense of inferiority occurs in early childhood, and the social and cultural context in which the researcher is located was a key variable in the experience of the researcher s sense of inferiority. Second, the cause of inferiority was found in social structural problems such as social polarization in Korea and the passing of wealth and poverty. Fifth, the emotional reaction among the reactions of inferiority is “I am embarrassed, embarrassed, anxious, and shameful.” “I am jealous of others, I am envious of others,” and the behavioral reactions of feelings of inferiority were found to be avoidance, atrophy, excuses, excuses, or show off or overreact. Fourth, the order of overcoming the sense of inferiority in this study was ‘to admit’, ‘ask back to me’, ‘concentrate on me’, and ‘live courageous and subjectively’. Conclusions This study provides examples by deeply exploring the sense of inferiority that may be experienced in the process of growing up as a counselor, so it will be a case and basic data for the counselor s personal growth. And by applying it to the lives of many clients who are currently suffering from inferiority, it will be possible to present a therapeutic alternative to overcome their sense of inferiority.
이명화(Lee Myung-Hwa),우경미(Woo Kyung-Mi) 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2008 전인간호과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise-motivation program on self-efficacy, depression, life satisfaction, exercise adherence, and physical status among elderly women living in the community. The research framework for this study was derived from self determination theory of Deci and Ryan (1985a). The research design was nonequivalent control group design with pretest and post-test. Total of 48 subjects were recruited from two separated institutions for older women in Busan city and conveniently allocated into experimental and control groups. Twenty six women were included into experimental group and 22 were into control group. The exercise motivation program included self help group, rhythmic exercise, recreation, health education, leader role playing, and telephone counseling and provided during 14 weeks. The research was conducted from June 16th to October 24th of 2003. The Instruments used for the research were self-efficacy scale developed by Han(2001), Korean version of Geriatric Depression scale, and modified scale of life satisfaction index-Z developed by Cho(1997). Exercise adherence was measured by asking whether they continue the exercise until now or not. Flexibility was measured by sending forward winding tester, grip strength was measured by hand dynanometer, and body balance was measured by micro chronometer. The data were by the frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, x2-test, and t-test using SPSS WIN 10.0 program. The results of this study were as follows. 1.The self-efficacy of experimental group would be increased than control group was supported(t=7.21,p= .000). 2.The depression of experimental group would be decreased than control group was supported(t=-3.12, p=.003). 3.The life-satisfaction of experimental group would be increased control group was no supported(t= - .041, p=.968). 4.The exercise adherence of experimental group would be increased than control group was supported(t= 11.83,p= .001). 5.The physical status in flexibility(t=4.27, p= .000), left grip strength(t=2.65, p=.011), right grip strength(t=2.24, p=.30), balance(t=4.78, p= .000) of experimental group would be increased than control group was supported. In conclusion, the results showed that the exercise-motivation program increased self-efficacy, exercise adherence flexibility, grip strength, and body balance and decreased depression among elderly women. Therefore, this exercise-motivation program could be ultilized for the various population including male elderly and further research of exercise-motivation program is needed to increase the stability of the findings.