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이동국 한국방송통신대학교 2023 KNOU논총 Vol.75 No.-
영어 전치사 notwithstanding의 명사구-복잡성과 위치적 변이 관계 연구 ················································································································· 이동국 ················· 1 주택의 용익제도에 관한 연구 - 주거권 보호를 중심으로 - ················································································································· 이호행 ··············· 17 공공부문의 자원배분과 관료주의 ················································································································· 노형규 ··············· 39 Draft Genome Sequence of Plant Pathogenic Fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae 09-002 ················································································································· 김태성 ··············· 53 코로나(COVID)-19 팬데믹 전·후 가정의 경제적 상태에 따른 한국 청소년의 신체활동에 대한 연구 ················································································································· 곽호경 ··············· 61 얼굴 표정인식을 이용한 실사형 아바타의 감정제어 ··································································································· 김형근 · 박철하 ··············· 77 2차원 데이터에서의 중간값 탐색 속도 개선 연구 ················································································································· 김진욱 ··············· 93 데이터분석을 위한 R과 파이썬 활용에 관한 연구 ················································································································· 김성수 ············· 105 아동기 학대경험과 이상섭식행동의 관계:성별에 따른 사회불안의 매개효과 검증 ················································································································· 장미경 ············· 119 자회사 MVNO의 존재가 경쟁 관계인독립 MVNO에 미치는 영향 ················································································································· 정세윤 ············· 135
초⋅중등학생의 메타버스 활용 교육에 대한 실태 및 인식 분석
이동국,김동원,변숙자 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.12
Objectives The purpose of this study is to research the status and perception of elementary and secondary school students on the metaverse in education. Methods A survey on 9,523 elementary and middle school students in the Chungcheongbuk-do Province was conducted for the research. As a result analysis method, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and T/F test were performed. The survey was composed of questions regarding the personal use of metaverse, the state of the metaverse in educational use, and the recognition of it. Results The main results of the study are as follows. First, of all students who participated in the survey, 28.1% use the metaverse for an average of 1.6 hours at home. The students were having fun creating, exploring, and talking in the metaverse. Second, regarding the state of the metaverse in educational use, 6.1% of all students use the metaverse for an average of 1.48 hours in class. Classes utilizing the metaverse are increasingly becoming integrated to different subjects, mainly consisting of activities such as creation, coding, and lectures. Students suggested pranks from classmates, excessive components of entertainment, and difficulties in handling as challenges of education using the metaverse. Third, a total of 60.8% of students wished to use the metaverse in class, in regards to the recognition of education using the metaverse. Students wanted to incorporate the metaverse in creative experience activities, science, and art, to participate in learning activities of creation, experimentation and practice, and coding. Students had a positive perspective on the educational effects of the metaverse. Conclusions The following endeavors are required to stimulate education using the metaverse. First, educational on knowledge for students is required for education involving the metaverse. Second, developing of instructional design competencies is required of teachers. Third, the establishment of a metaverse platform and environment to support education using the metaverse is required. 목적 본 연구는 초⋅중등학생의 메타버스 활용 교육에 대한 실태와 인식을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 방법 충청북도 소재 초⋅중등학생 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하였으며, 설문에 응답한 9,523명의 결과를 분석하였다. 결과 분석은빈도분석, 기술통계와 T/F 검정을 실시하였다. 설문 문항은 메타버스와 관련하여 개인적 사용 실태, 교육적 활용 실태, 교육적 활용인식을 묻는 내용으로 구성되었다. 결과 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 메타버스의 개인적 사용 실태는 전체 응답 학생 중 28.1%의 학생들이 평균 1.6시간 동안가정에서 메타버스를 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 학생들은 메타버스에서 만들기, 탐험, 대화 활동에 재미를 느끼고 있었다. 둘째, 메타버스 활용 교육 실태는 전체 응답 학생 중 6.1%의 학생들이 평균 1.48시간 수업에서 메타버스를 활용하는 것으로 나타났다. 메타버스 활용 수업은 다양한 교과에 접목되고 있으며, 주로 창작, 코딩, 강의 등의 활동이 이루어졌다. 학생들은 메타버스 활용 수업에서 친구들의 장난, 과도한 재미 요소, 조작 미숙 등을 어려움으로 제시하였다. 셋째, 메타버스 활용 교육에 대한 인식은 전체 응답학생 중 60.8% 학생들이 수업에서 메타버스를 활용하는 것을 희망하였다. 학생들은 창의적 체험활동, 과학, 미술 등의 교과에서메타버스를 활용하여 창작, 실험⋅실습, 코딩 등의 학습 활동을 희망하였다. 학생들은 메타버스의 교육적 효과에 대해 긍정적으로인식하고 있었다. 결론 메타버스 활용 교육을 촉진하기 위해 다음과 같은 노력이 요구된다. 첫째, 메타버스 활용 교육을 위한 학생 대상 소양 교육이이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 교사의 메타버스 활용 교수 설계 역량 개발이 요구된다. 셋째, 학습자 중심 수업을 지원하는 교육용 메타버스플랫폼 구축 및 환경 조성이 요구된다.
What Practical Knowledge Do Teachers Share on Blogs? An Analysis Using Text-mining
이동국,권혁수 한국교육공학회 2022 Educational Technology International Vol.23 No.1
With the recent advancement of technology, there has been an increase in professional development activities, including teachers using blogs to share practical knowledge and reflect on teaching and learning. This study was conducted to identify the contents of practical knowledge shared through the K-12 teachers' blogs. To achieve the research objective, 70,571 blog posts were collected from 329 blogs of K-12 teachers in Korean and analyzed using text mining techniques. The results of the study are as follows. First, practical knowledge sharing activities using teacher blogs have increased. Teachers posted a lot of blogs during the semester. Second, primary school teachers share various curriculum activities, reflections on project classes, class management, opinions related to education, and personal. Third, secondary school teachers share summaries and reviews of curriculum, materials related to college entrance exams, various instructional materials, opinions related to education, and personal experiences on their blogs. This study suggested that blogs are widely used as a venue for sharing practical knowledge of teachers, and that blogs can be a useful way to develop professionalism.
과거 흑백 산림항공사진 스캐닝 데이터베이스를 이용한 산림공간정보 생성가능성 연구
이동국,김경덕,양승룡,이현직 대한공간정보학회 2017 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.25 No.4
This study focuses on the possibility on which panchromatic forest aerial scanning database, photographed with analog cameras in the past for forest investigation, can generate high-quality and three-dimensional forest geospatial information. photogrammetry processing techniques, such as scale invariant feature transform(SIFT), structure from motion(SfM) and semi global matching(SGM) were implemented to generate forest information(tree heights, etc.) and three-dimensional geospatial information preprocessing techniques for scanned images such as image area trimming, generation of principal points and ground control point extraction, were applied for smooth processing and increased accuracy. The results have proved the interpretation method of this study to be reliable, as root mean square error(RMSE) of the plane position error was observed to be ± 1.095m and RMSE of the vertical position error ± 0.597m; this implies that the errors of orientation shown in the results are within twice the amount of ground sample distance. The method, able to create 3D models such as point clouds, digital surface models and true ortho images of the area of interest, can not only be implemented on the creation of high-quality forest information using past forest aerial photographs, but also be adequately utilized in various tasks such as analyzing optimal tree species, normalized difference vegetation Index (NDVI) and tailor-made forest generation of the area of interest, when paired with a periodic database encompassing past forest aerial photographs. 본 연구에서는 과거에 산림조사를 목적으로 아날로그 카메라로 촬영된 흑백 산림 항공사진 스캐닝 데이터베이스를 이용하여 고품질 산림공간정보 및 3차원공간정보 생성가능성을 타진하였다. 수고 등의 산림정보 및 3D 공간정보 생성에는 scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT), structure from motion(SfM) 및 semi global matching(SGM) 등으로 구성된 무인항공사진측량 해석기법을 적용하였으며, 이 과정에서 스캐닝 산림항공사진의 원활한 처리 및 정확도 향상을 위해 영상영역추출, 주점좌표결정 및 지상기준점 생성 등의 전처리 과정을 수행하였다. 이와 같은 전처리과정을 통해 스캐닝한 산림항공사진 데이터베이스를 해석한 결과, 수평위치오차의 root mean square error (RMSE)가 ±1.095m, 수직위치오차의 RMSE가 ±0.597m로 나타나 ground sample distance(GSD) 2배 이내의 위치오차를 나타내어 본 연구의 해석방법이 신뢰성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 대상지역의 point cloud, 수치표면모델(digital surface model), 정사영상, 3D 모델을 생성할 수 있어 과거 흑백 산림항공사진 스캔 데이터베이스를 통한 수고 등의 고품질 산림정보 생성은 물론 일정한 주기의 과거 산림항공사진 데이터베이스에 적용할 경우 대상지역의 최적 수종선정이나 활력도 분석 및 맞춤형조림사업 등에 유용하게 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.
고해상도 위성영상의 상대방사보정을 통한 자동화 지향 공간객체추출 방안 연구
이동국,이현직 대한원격탐사학회 2020 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.36 No.5
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korea is developing a CAS 500-1/2 satellite capable of photographing a GSD 0.5 m level image, and is developing a technology to utilize this. Therefore, this study attempted to develop a geospatial feature extraction technique aimed at automation as a technique for utilizing CAS 500-1/2 satellite images. KOMPSAT-3A satellite images that are expected to be most similar to CAS 500-1/2 were used for research and the possibility of automation of geospatial feature extraction was analyzed through relative radiometric normalization. For this purpose, the parameters and thresholds were applied equally to the reference images and relative radiometric normalized images, and the geospatial feature were extracted. The qualitative analysis was conducted on whether the extracted geospatial feature is extracted in a similar form from the reference image and relative radiometric normalized image. It was also intended to analyze the possibility of automation of geospatial feature extraction by quantitative analysis of whether the classification accuracy satisfies the target accuracy of 90% or more set in this study. As a result, it was confirmed that shape of geospatial feature extracted from reference image and relative radiometric normalized image were similar, and the classification accuracy analysis results showed that both satisfies the target accuracy of 90% or more. Therefore, it is believed that automation will be possible when extracting spatial objects through relative radiometric normalization. 우리나라 국토교통부는 GSD가 0.5m 급인 위성영상의 촬영이 가능한 CAS 500-1/2 위성과 함께 이를 활용하기 위한 기술을 개발 중에 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 CAS 500-1/2 위성영상의 활용을 위한 기술로 자동화를 지향하는 공간객체추출 기술을 개발하고자 하였다. 연구 수행을 위해 CAS 500-1/2와 가장 유사할 것으로 예상되는 KOMPSAT-3A 위성영상을 연구에 이용하였으며, 상대방사보정을 통해 공간객체추출의 자동화 가능성을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 상대방사보정에 이용된 참조 영상과 상대방사보정된 영상에서 매개변수 및 임계값을 동일하게 적용하고, 공간객체를 추출하였다. 추출된 공간객체가 참조영상과 상대방사보정된영상에서 유사한 형태로 추출되는지에 대한 정성적 분석과 분류정확도가 본 연구에서 설정한 목표정확도인90% 이상을 만족하는지에 대한 정량적 분석을 통해 공간객체추출의 자동화 가능성 여부를 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 참조영상과 상대방사보정된 영상에서 각각 추출한 공간객체가 유사하게 추출되는 것을 확인하였으며, 분류정확도 분석 결과가 모두 목표정확도인 90% 이상을 만족하는 것으로 나타나 상대방사보정을 통해공간객체추출 시 자동화가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.
텍스트 마이닝을 활용한 ‘학교 공간 혁신’ 정책 키워드 분석 - 뉴스 기사를 중심으로 -
이동국 (사)한국교육녹색환경연구원 2020 교육·녹색환경연구 Vol.19 No.2
The goal of this study was to investigate the implementation and related issues of the school space innovation issued by key Korean mass media using text mining. To accomplish this goal, this study collected 519 news articles associated with the school space innovation issued by 54 Korean mass media companies. Based on this data, this study performed the frequency analysis and network analysis regarding the keywords. Based on the findings, the characteristics of school space innovation are summarized as follows: First, school space innovation has progressed in response to future education. Second, users are actively participating in school space innovation. Third, experts are supporting the innovation of school space by establishing a cooperative system. Fourth, the community is actively considering the innovation of school space. Fifth, the main projects of the Ministry of Education and the Provincial Offices of Education are actively conducted in a mix of top-down and bottom-up approaches. The findings of this study will contribute to providing a clear direction for contemporary school space innovation and implications for future research agenda and implementation. 본 연구의 목적은 텍스트 마이닝을 활용하여 한국의 주요 언론 매체를 통해 드러난 학교 공간 혁신 정책의 실행과 관련 이슈를 알아보는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 언론에서 발행한 학교 공간 혁신 관련 기사 총 519개를 수집하여 빈도 분석과 네트워크 분석을 하였다. 연구 결과를 기반으로 학교 공간 혁신의 특징을 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 학교 공간 혁신은 미래교육에 대한 대응으로 추진되고 있다. 둘째, 사용자가 학교 공간 혁신의 주체로 참여한다. 셋째, 전문가는 협력 체제를 갖추어 학교 공간 혁신을 지원하고 있다. 넷째, 학교 공간 혁신에 지역사회를 적극적으로 참여시키고 있다. 다섯째, 교육부와 교육청의 주요 사업으로, 상향식과 하향식이 조화를 이루어 진행되고 있다. 본 연구 결과는 학교 공간 혁신 정책의 주요 이슈를 이해하고, 차후 연구와 실천에 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.