자동제어설비

이길수,Lee, Gil-Su 한국설비기술협회 1986 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.3 No.11

Saccharomyces cerevisiae와 Mycobacterium phlei에서 DNA유출에 따른 세포벽의 전자현미경적 고찰

이길수,조세훈,김운수,류준,Lee, Kil-Soo,Cho, She-Hoon,Kim, Woon-Soo,Lew, Joon 한국미생물학회 1975 미생물학회지 Vol.13 No.3

DNA's were extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Mycobacterium phlei and the damaging cell walls of these microoragnisms were examined under an electron microscope in the extraction process in which a number of physico-chemical tratments of cells was involved. While the DNA was easily extracted from S. cerevisiae using conventional meylelded very little DNA, of M. phlei was extremely difficult to isolate and yielded very little DNA, applying various methods of isolation published earlier. When the cell walls of S. cerevisiae were examined with the electron microscope, they were not yet damaged even after the cells were treated with sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS) and ethylene diamine tetracetic acid(EDTA), but they were completely destroyed by the treatment of sodium perchlorate followed by the addition of chloroform and a vigorous agitation. Oozing cytoplasm through the broken cell walls was also observed. In the extraction of DNA from M.phlei, the pronase was not effective at the aerobic environment of the sample. When phenol was applied at the last step of DNA isolation, an extreme damage mass yielding little DNA into the solution. Unlike the cells of S.cerevisiae.M.phlei cells showed a tendency of aggregation, thus the destruction of cell walls by sodium hydroxide was seen only on the walls of peripheral cells in the aggregated mass, leaving the walls of the inner cells undamaged.

자동제어장치의 보수관리

이길수,Lee, Gil-Su 한국설비기술협회 1987 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.4 No.1

건설기계의 진동 분석을 통한 공기현가시트의 반능동 제어 시스템 개발

이길수(K. S. Lee),이호연(H. Y. Lee),권혁진(H. J. Kwon),김석승(S. S. Kim),강범준(B. J. Kang),윤복중(B. J. Yoon),유준오(J. O. Yoo),이재동(J. D. Lee),신민곤(M. G. Shin),신태진(T. J. Shin) 한국정밀공학회 2018 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5월

Steering Control of Independent 4 Wheels Vehicle Applied Ackerman Geometry

이길수(Kil Soo Lee),이영진(Young Jin Lee),고영호(Yung Ho Koh),김명국(Myoung Kook Kim),이만형(Man Hyung Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

Recently, The researches of vehicle's stability, controllability and comfortability are demanded because of increased usage of vehicle and mass transportation. The trend of vehicle is that the conventional vehicle accessories of mechanical link scheme are going to electronic module scheme connected by signal. The vehicle's heavy mechanical steering linkages will be replaced to servo motors and signal cables. For example, the four wheel steering(4WS) vehicle driven by electric power has made by WIA corporation. That 4WS type vehicle has various advantages of driving. The vehicle can go leftward or rightward without turning and can turn in standing state. But past researches were proceeded based on mechanical system. To convert heavy mechanical accessories to electronic modules, the proper modeled signals and research data based on electronic system are needed. In this paper, the Ackerman geometry in mechanical system is applied to electronic independent four wheels steering system. And an analysis conducted about the real model 4WS vehicle was manufactured for using in factory to transport heavy loads by unmanned. Afterward, the effect of the converted presence of the Ackerman geometry in steering performance is simulated and examined.

U-SAT을 이용한 4WS 무인 컨테이너 트랜스포터의 횡방향 제어

이길수(Kil Soo Lee),신택영(Taek Young Shin),김수용(Su Yong Kim),이정민(Jung Min Lee),이만형(Man Hyung Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.12

발광박테리아를 이용한 생물감시장치의 중금속에 대한 독성반응

이길수(Kil-Soo Lee),이승주(Seung-Joo Lee),왕창근(Chang-Keun Wang),최영균(Young-Gyun Choi),홍금용(Keum-Yong Hong) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회지 Vol.42 No.2

목적 : 본 연구에서는 발광박테리아(Vibrio fischeri)가 방출한 빛의 강도가 약화되는 것을 측정하는 실시간 생물감시장치에서의 중금속(Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>, Pb<SUP>2+</SUP>, Hg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>)에 대한 독성반응을 평가하였다. 방법 : 발광저해도 시험은 4가지 중금속과 중금속이 첨가된 폐수 방류수를 포함하고 있다. 시험 시료에 대한 독성도는 동결 건조된 박테리아(Vibrio fischeri NRRL-B-11177)를 이용하여 생물검정을 수행하였다. 시료의 pH가 나타낼 수 있는 잠재적인 영향을 제거하기 위하여 시험 전에 pH를 7±0.2로 조절하였다. 생물감시장치는 발광된 빛으로부터 2분의 단시간 내에 시료의 독성도를 측정하여 결과를 산출한다. 그 후에 발광저해도 곡선으로부터 EC20과 EC50을 추정하였다. 결과 및 토의 : 중금속 희석액을 대상으로 한 발광저해도 시험의 경우, 각 중금속의 EC20은 Zn(II) < 0.2 mg/L, Hg(II) 0.45 mg/L, Cd(II) 0.58 mg/L 및 Pb(II) 1.95 mg/L로 추정되었고, EC50은 Zn(II) 0.25 mg/L, Hg(II) 0.5~1.0mg/L, Cd(II) 1.38 mg/L 및 Pb(II) 3.76 mg/L로 추정되었다. 중금속의 민감도는 Zn(II) > Hg(II), > Cd(II) > Pb(II) 순서로 나타났다. 중금속이 첨가한 폐수 방류수를 대상으로 한 발광저해도 시험의 경우, 각 중금속을 첨가한 시료의 EC20은 Hg(II) 0.38 mg/L, Zn(II) 0.58 mg/L, Pb(II) 1.45 mg/L 및 Cd(II) 1.95 mg/L로 추정되었고, EC50은 Hg(II) 0.53 mg/L, Zn(II) 1.13 mg/L, Pb(II) 6.44 mg/L 및 Cd(II) 7.82 mg/L로 추정되었다. 중금속이 첨가한 폐수에 대한 민감도는 Hg(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II) 순서로 나타났다. 우리나라의 수질오염물질 배출허용기준과 비교해서 Zn(II)의 EC20은 낮은 농도이기 때문에 방류수의 배출허용기준을 만족하는지를 감시하는 것은 적합하다고 판단된다. 그러나 그 외의 중금속의 EC20 수준으로는 단위공정의 제어나 사고로 인한 방류를 감시하는 목적으로 적용하는 것이 바람직하다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 발광박테리아를 이용한 실시간 생물감시장치로 4가지 중금속과 중금속을 첨가한 시료에 대하여 독성도를 평가하였다. Zn(II)가 첨가된 폐수의 EC20은 0.58 mg/L로 배출허용기준보다 낮은 것으로 나타나 배출허용기준 초과 유무를 판별하는데 적절하다고 판단된다. 실시간 생물감시장치의 운영과 더불어 산업폐수처리시설에 대한 통합적 감시를 위해 물리화학적 분석을 병행할 필요가 있다. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of heavy metals (Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>, Pb<SUP>2+</SUP>, Hg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>) toxicity in a real-time biosensor which is based on measuring the attenuation of light intensity emitted by Vibrio fischeri. Methods : The inhibition test included four heavy metals and the spiked effluent wastewater. The toxicity of the test samples was assessed by freeze-dried bacteria (Vibrio fischeri NRRL-B-11177). The pH of the samples was adjusted to 7±0.2 before conducting the toxicity tests in oder to eliminate potential pH effects. The results obtained from the real-time biosensor that can be measuring the toxicity of the samples as a function of the emitted light. within a short period time (2 min). And then EC20 and EC50 values was estimated from inhibition curves. Results and Discussion : In case of the inhibition test for dilluents of heavy metals, EC20 values were estimated as < 0.2 mg/L for Zn(II), 0.45 mg/L for Hg(II), 0.58 mg/L for Cd(II) and 1.95 mg/L for Pb(II) and EC50 values were estimated as 0.25 mg/L for Zn(II), 0.5~1.0 mg/L for Hg(II), 1.38 mg/L for Cd(II) and 3.76 mg/L for Pb(II). The sensitivity ranking of heavy metals was in order as Zn(II) > Hg(II), > Cd(II) > Pb(II). In case of the inhibition test for the spiked effluent wastewater, EC20 values were estimated as 0.38 mg/L for Hg(II), 0.58 mg/L for Zn(II), 1.45 mg/L for Pb(II) and 1.95 mg/L for Cd(II) and EC50 values were estimated as 0.53 mg/L for Hg(II), 1.13 mg/L for Zn(II), 6.44 mg/L for Pb(II) and 7.82 mg/L for Cd(II). The sensitivity ranking of the spiked effluent wastewater was in order as Hg(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II). Compared to the Emssion Limit Value (ELV) in Korea, the EC20 value of Zn(II) was found to be lower than ELV so that it was suitable for screening of Zn(II) as to meet the criteria of effluent wastewater. However, the other EC20 value of heavy metals can be used to control the unit processes and avoid accidental discharge. Conclusions : The assessment of the toxicity of four heavy metals and spiked samples with them was performed in this study, by real-time biosensor using bioluminescent bacteria. The EC20 value of the spiked sample with Zn(II) has been found to be 0.58 mg/L lower than its ELV so that it was considered as a suitable screening for determining whether or not to exceed the permissible limit value. The use of real-time biosensor is required in combination with physicochemical analyses for an integrated screening of the industrial effluent properties.

인빌딩 광분산 시스템을 통한 망설계

이길수(K. S. Lee),여영신(Y. S. Yeo),김기혁(K. H. Kim) 한국정보통신설비학회 2003 한국정보통신설비학회 학술대회 Vol.2003 No.1

가스배관 등 지하매설물 사고 예방을 위한 굴착기 버킷 위치제어 시스템 개발

이길수(K. S. Lee),김경수(K. S. Kim),정진범(J. B. Jeong),고재일(J. I. Koh),박정종(J. J. Park),주상현(S. H. Joo),전혜영(H. Y. Jeon) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2022 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.10

DANCE

이길수(Gilsoo Lee),김홍석(Hongseok Kim),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),김병훈(Byoung-Hoon Kim) 한국통신학회 2013 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.38 No.12(통신이론)

급증하는 데이터 트래픽을 셀룰러 망에서 처리하기 위한 대안으로 스몰셀이 관심을 받고 있다. 나아가, 스몰셀의 배치밀도는 점차 높아지고 있어 Ultra Dense Network (UDN) 환경이 도래할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 UDN환경에서 소형기지국의 온/오프를 제어하기 위한 방법을 연구한다. 본 논문에서는 소형 Access Point(AP), user equipment (UE), Small Cell Controller (SCC)로 구성된 프레임워크를 제안하고 이를 기반으로 켜져 있는 기지국 수는 최소화 하며, 네트워크 쓰루풋을 유지시키기 위한 소형기지국 온/오프 방법으로 UE와 같은 사용자 디바이스가 SCC로 피드백하는 채널정보를 활용하는 DANCE 알고리즘을 제안한다. DANCE 알고리즘은 피드백이 1-bit인 경우와 N-bit인 경우, 그리고 활성화시키는 소형AP를 선택하는 기준에 따른 AP-first, UE-first, Proximity ON 등으로 세분화할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 시뮬레이션을 통해 UE의 수와 네트워크의 쓰루풋, 에너지 효율의 관계를 분석한 후, DANCE 알고리즘을 통해 에너지 효율을 높일 수 있음을 보인다. Deploying small cells is a reliable and influential solution to handle the skyrocketing traffic increase in the cellular network, and the small cell technology is evolving to ultra-dense network (UDN). In this paper we propose a small cell on/off algorithm with a simple but essential framework composed of access point (AP), user equipment (UE), and small cell controller (SCC). We propose Device-Assisted Networking for Cellular grEening (DANCE) algorithms that save the energy consumption by tying to minimize the number of turned-on APs while maintaining the network throughput. In doing so, SCC firstly gathers the feedback messages from UEs and then makes a decision including a set of turned-on APs and user association. DANCE algorithm has several variations depending on the number of bits of the UE’s feedback message (1 bit vs. N bit), and is divided into AP-first, UE-first, or Proximity ON according to the criteria of selecting the turned-on APs. We perform extensive simulations under the realistic UDN environment, and the results confirm that the proposed algorithms, compared to the baseline, can significantly enhance the energy efficiency, e.g., more than a factor of 10.