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한글의 형태적 특성을 이용한 한글 문서 압축 기법에 관한 연구
이기석(Lee Gi Seog),김유성(Kim Yoo Sung) 한국정보처리학회 1996 정보처리학회논문지 Vol.3 No.5
To achieve high compression ratio for Hangul texts, in this paper two text compression algorithm which use the structural feature of Hangul, the Frequency of postpositional words, are proposed. The performances of these proposed algorithm are also compared with previous text compression algorithm. The proposed compression algorithm named HLZ77 and HLZW come out from the modification of previous algorithm LZ77 and LZW. respectively. The major distinction of the proposed ones is that the proposed algorithm use the fixed dictionary of selected postpositional words that appear most frequently in Hangul texts. The performances of HLZ77 and HLZW also are compared with those of LZ77 and LZW, respectively, with respect to the compression ratio. According to the result of performance study, the proposed algorithms are better than the previous algorithm for descriptive Hangul text since the structural feature of Hangul is helpful to achievement of high compression ratio.
원저(原著) : 항체선별검사 시 Diegoa 판넬혈구의 추가는 필요한가?
이종숙 ( Jong Sook Lee ),구미숙 ( Mi Sook Ku ),이기석 ( Gi Seog Lee ),김대근 ( Dae Keun Kim ),홍인표 ( In Pyo Hong ) 대한임상병리사협회 1999 임상수혈검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.5 No.1
The anti-Diego(a)(Di(a)) has been expected to be fully found in Koreans of high incidence Di(a) antigen. The purpose of this study is to offer basic data whether it is necessary to add a Di(a) panel cell in routine antibody screening test of the transfusion candidates. Unexpected antibodies were tested by saline and PEG antiglobulin antibody screening test for 6140 transfusion candidates at Hanyang university hospital from March 1, 1998 to February 28. 1999. The unexpected antibodies were detected in patients (1.37%) : 84 cases were detected. It was possible that additional test of Di(a) panel cell in 4464 transfusion candidate. But anti-Di(a) that has been expected in some existing reports did not detected one case in this study.
鍼刺戟에서의 反應群과 非反應群間의 腦下垂體에서 CCK-A Receptor와 CCK-B Receptor 遺傳子 發顯量 比較硏究
이기석,민병일,홍무창 대한동의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.2
Numerous studies show that acupuncture stimulation increases experimental pain threshold in various animal species. It has been suggested that the acupuncture analgesic effect be mediated by descending inhibitory system. However, the analgesic effect of the rat in response to electroacupuncture(EA) shows marked individual variations. Individual variations in effectiveness(IVE) of acupuncture analgesia(AA) frequently provoke clinical troubles. The intrinsic mechanisms that cause IVE are an interesting subject for the study. The purpose of this study is determine, whether the level of CCK receptor expression causes differences between the responder and the non-responder upon EA treatments, Sprague-Dawley(S-D) male rats were stimulated at the zusanli(ST36) acupoint with a low frequency of 2Hz, duration of 0.5ms and intensity of 0.2-0.3mA in the absence of any anesthetics. To minimize the stress, rats are treated without a holder or any type of restrainers. Then tail flick latency(TFL) test has performed setting the basal reaction time as 3.0 ±0.5sec. The responding group was appointed those whose TFL responding time delayed the minimum of 30 % comparing with basal reaction time. For those whose TFL time had shorter than 30 % was grouped as a non-responder. In the 10 rats tested, the ratio of responding to non-responding was 6:4. The hypothalamus of each group was dissected and RNA was further purified. After synthesizing cDNA using oligo dT primer, products were finally applied to the PCR using primers for CCK-A receptor and CCK-B receptor. The results suggest that CCK-A receptors are more expressed in non-responder than in responder, whereas CCK-B receptor expression is not significantly changed in both groups. It implies that high expression of CCK-A receptor in non-responder may increase sensitivity to the agonist, CCK, resulting in enhancing the antagonistic effect of CCK to the endogenous opioid which is believed to be mediating analgesic effect of EA. Key word : CCK receptor, Electroacupuncture, responder, non-responder, analgesic effects
Lee, Gi-Seog,Han, Jae-Bok,Shin, Min-Kyu,Hong, Moo-Chang,Kim, Sung-Woon,Min, Byung-Il,Bae, Hyunsu WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Previously, we have showed that the cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptor expression in hypothalamus is closely related with the responsiveness of electroacupuncture (EA)-mediated analgesic effects in rats. In order to confirm this observation more directly in vivo, the EA-mediated analgesic effects are compared between Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, the natural knockout rats with the homozygously disrupted CCK-A receptor gene, with Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. They were stimulated at the zusanli (ST36) acupoint without using anesthetics or holders. The tail flick latency (TEL) test was performed to quantify analgesic effects and then the mean TFL increase ratios were calculated. OLETF rats showed a mean increase of 53% and LETO rats showed a mean increase of 31% of TFL. Our results suggest that the analgesic effect of acupuncture is closely related with the amount of CCK-A receptor expression.
Effects of Moxibustion to Zusanli(ST36) on Alteration of Natural Killer Cell Activity in Rats
Choi, Gi Soon,Han, Jae Bok,Park, Joon Ha,Oh, Sang Deog,Lee, Gi Seog,Bae, Hyun Su,Jung, Sung Ki,Cho, Young Wuk,Ahn, Hyun Jong,Min, Byung Il WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-
Moxibustion is one of the major healing techniques in Oriental medicine. It has been widely used in many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto disease, breech presentation, etc. However, till now, effects of moxibustion on natural killer (NK) cell activity and relations between sympathetic nerve system (SNS) and the immune alteration induced by moxibustion wert not well studied. This study was designed to evaluate effects of moxibustion on NK cell activity and the Intervention of SNS in the alteration of NK cell activity induced by moxibustion. Splenic NK cell cytotoxicity was measured in a standard 4-hour ^(51)Cr release assay. We measured the NK cell cytotoxicity after moxibustion stimulation for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, and also measured the NK cell cytotoxicity after 3 and 7 days burn stimulation with similar temperature. Interleukin (IL)-2, -4 and interferon (INF)-γ in serum were measured by rat IL-2, -4 and INF-γ ELISA test kit. To evaluate the effects of sympathectomy on alteration of NK cell cytotoxicity, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA: 50 mg/kg) was used. We showed that NK cell activity of moxibustion stimulation group incrcased at the 3rd day, and declined at the 7th day in comparison with that of the control group. In thc moxibustion stimulation group, NK cell activity was significantly higher than the sham group at the 3rd day. On the contrary, in the burn stimulation group, NK cell activity was significantly higher than that of the sham groups at 3rd and 7th days. INF-γ level after 3 days in the moxibustion stimulation group was significantly higher than that of the sham group. IL-2 Ievel among groups were not different. IL-4 was not detected in serum with this method. Sympathectomy abolished the NK cell activity alteration induced by moxibustion. The results suggest that moxibustion modulates NK cell activity, along with INF-γ, and SNS is mediating these effects.
cDNA microarray를 이용한 침자극에 대한 반응군과 비반응군의 유전자적 특이성 연구
노삼웅,이기석,이진우,홍무창,신민규,민병일,배현수 대한동의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.4
Numerous studies show that acupuncture stimulation increases experimental pain threshold in various animal species. It has been suggested that the acupuncture analgesic effects could be mediated by endogenous opioid system. However, the analgesic effect on the rat in response to electroacupuncture(EA) shows marked individual variations. Individual variations in effectiveness(IVE) of acupuncture analgesia has frequently provoked clinical troubles. The intrinsic mechanisms that cause IVE are an interesting subject for the study. The purpose of this study is to identify and characterize genes that cause differences between the responder and non-responder upon EA treatments using cDNA microarray. Sprague-Dawley male rats were stimulated at the zusanli(ST36) acupoint, then the tail flick latency (TFL) test was performed to classify the responder and non-responder group. Among the 19 rats tested, the ratio of responder group to non-responder group was 6:4. The hypothalamus of each group was dissected and mRNA was further purified. After synthesizing cDNA using oligo-dT primer, the cDNA were applied to Incyte rat GEMTM 2 microarray chips. The microarray results show that genes such as Brain factor(BF)-1, a transcription factor essential for the proliferation of the progenitor cell of the cerebral cortex, Dopamine beta-hydroxylase and Phosphotidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase which play a major role in catecholamine synthesis, are expressed abundantly in the responder group, whereas tau and cathepsin B, which are neurodegeration markers are abundant in the non-responder group. These results suggest that the sensitivity of EA mediated analgesic effects are closely related with neurodegeneration of the brain.
鍼刺戟에 대한 반응과 비반응군 흰쥐의 특이 유전자 발현 연구
서영찬,노삼웅,이기석,고은정,홍무창,신민규,민병일,배현수 대한동의병리학회 2003 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.17 No.3
A pain is the symptom defends against noxious stimulus about a human body, it is known that if the periphery of perceptive nerve were stimulated by a physical or chemical factors, the stimulation is induced by transmission to pain center in the cerebral cortex according to pain conduction tract. The treatment of pain is to decrease a stimulus that causes a pain or block off a nerve transmitting a stimulus or puts on a way to calm down pain center, but It is for adjustment of a pain to be the most representative in acupuncture among various ways to cure a pain in Oriental medicine. However, the analgesic effect of an individual response to acupuncture stimulation shows marked individual variations, so these days genetic a few approach is attempted. On this the author determined that the responding group was appointed those whose tail flick latency (TFL) responding time delayed the minimum of 30% comparing with basal reaction time. For those whose TFL time had shorter than 30% was grouped as a non-responding group. And then the hypothalamus of each group was dissected and RNA was further purified. After synthesizing cDNA using oligo dT primer, products were finally applied to the PCR. The results were as follows ; The ratio of responding group to non-responding group was 6:4. Ach T (acetylcholinesterase T subunit), BF-1 (Brain factor-1), DBH (Dopamine β-hydroxylase) and PNM (Phosphotidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase) were revealed significantly in the responding group. Cathepsin B and Tau were revealed significantly in the non-responding group. The PCR results show that Ach T, BF-1, DBH and PNM are expressed abundantly in the responding group, where as cathepsin B and tau are abundant in the non-responding group. These results suggest that the analgesic effect on acupuncture stimulation is related to regulation of neurotransmitter as well as neurodegeration of cerebrum.